Zeolitin Farklı Tekstür Sınıfındaki Toprakların Fiziksel Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 50 Sayı: 2, 174 - 186, 28.05.2019

Ekrem Lütfi Aksakal , Yeliz Budak

https://doi.org/10.17097/ataunizfd.480777

Öz

Toprağın
fiziksel özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi için pek çok organik ve inorganik toprak
düzenleyici kullanılmasına rağmen zeolitin toprak fiziksel özellikleri üzerine
etkilerini ortaya koyan araştırmalar çok sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma, kil (toprak
I), tın (toprak II) ve kumlu tın (toprak III) tekstür sınıfındaki toprakların
bazı fiziksel özellikleri üzerine zeolit (klinoptilolit) uygulamalarının
etkilerini ortaya koymak amacıyla laboratuvar şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Zeolit
uygulamaları ortalama ağırlıklı çap değerlerini toprak I’de 9.24 mm’den 5.06
mm’ye, toprak II’de 5.16 mm’den 4.14 mm’ye düşürürken, toprak III’de 2.61
mm’den 2.77 mm’ye yükseltmiştir. Zeolit uygulamaları araştırma topraklarının
tüm agregat fraksiyonlarında agregat stabilitesi değerlerini önemli seviyede artırırken,
dispersiyon oranını ise önemli seviyede düşürmüştür. Genel ortalama agregat
stabilitesi değeri kontrolde %26.64 iken zeolit uygulama dozunun artışı ile
artış göstermiş, %5 uygulama dozunda %43.51 olarak belirlenmiş ve kontrole göre
%63 oranında artışın meydana geldiği belirlenmiştir. Zeolit uygulamaları
topraklarının hacim ağırlıklarını önemli ölçüde düşürdüğü, porozite ve hidrolik
iletkenlik değerlerini ise önemli ölçüde artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Genel
ortalamada, kontrol seviyesinde hacim ağırlığı değeri 1.16 g cm^-3
iken %1, 3 ve 5 zeolit uygulamaları sonrasında 1.10, 1.08 ve 1.06 g cm^-3
olarak ölçülmüştür. Genel ortalamada, kontrol seviyesinde hidrolik iletkenlik
değeri 21.45 cm h^-1 iken %1, 3 ve 5 zeolit uygulamaları sonrasında
27.04, 30.51 ve 38.37 cm h^-1’e yükseldiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar,
toprağın fiziksel özelliklerinin iyileştirilmesi amacıyla zeolitin toprak
düzenleyici olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zeolit, Agregat büyüklük dağılımı, Agregat stabilitesi, Dispersiyon oranı, Hacim ağırlığı, Hidrolik iletkenlik

Effects of Zeolite on Physical Properties of Different Textured Soils

Öz

Despite the use of several organic and inorganic
soil conditioners for development of the physical properties of the soil, the
investigations on the effects of zeolite on soil physical properties are very
scarce. This laboratory study was carried out to determine the effects of
zeolite (clinoptilolite) with different rates on soil physical properties in
soils with different textures [clay (soil I), loam (soil II), sandy loam (soil
III)]. Mean weight diameter of soil I decreased from 9.24 mm to 5.06 mm with zeolite
application. These values were obtained as 5.16 mm to 4.14 mm and 2.61 mm to
2.77 mm for soils II and III, respectively. Zeolite applications significantly
increased aggregate stability of all the soils in all aggregate size fractions
as compared to the controls. Dispersion ratio of soils amended with zeolite
showed significant decreases. Whereas the aggregate stability of control was
26.64%, it increased to 43.51% with 5% zeolite application, which is almost 63%
greater than that of control. Zeolite applications on all three soils
significantly decreased bulk density and increased porosity and hydraulic
conductivity. When means were compared it is seen that the control bulk density
value (1.16 g cm^-3) decreased to 1.10, 1.08 and 1.06 g cm^-3
with 1%, 3 and 5 zeolite application, respectively. While the hydraulic
conductivity was determined as 21.45 cm h^-1 in control, it was
determined as 27.4, 30.51 and 38.37 cm h^-1 for 1%, 3 and 5 zeolite
application rates, respectively. Results have shown that zeolite can be used as
an amelioration material to improve soil physical properties.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zeolite, Aggregate size distribution, Aggregate stability, Dispersion ratio, Bulk density, Hydraulic conductivity

Kaynakça

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