Decadent Art in Painting

Öz

This study examines the aesthetic, philosophical, and cultural foundations of decadent art that emerged in the late 19th century. The aim of the research is to analyze the formal and thematic influences of the decadent art movement, which developed in literature, on painting, addressing key elements such as death, decay, eroticism, and apocalyptic themes. Furthermore, it seeks to contribute to filling the existing gap in the literature caused by the limited number of studies on decadent painting. The study analyzes significant works in art history and the aesthetic and philosophical movements underlying these works. The paintings of artists such as Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, Edvard Munch, and Oscar Parviainen are examined through thematic and iconographic analysis methods. The findings reveal that decadent art established strong connections with Schopenhauer’s pessimistic philosophy, Baudelaire’s literary influence, and esoteric thought. In conclusion, decadent art is evaluated not merely as an aesthetic orientation but also as a critical discourse on the moral and social structure of its era.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Decadent art
• Painting
• Gustave Moreau
• Aubrey Beardsley
• Oscar Parviainen

Resim Sanatında Dekadan Sanat

Öz

Bu çalışma, 19. yüzyılın sonlarında ortaya çıkan dekadan sanatın estetik, felsefi ve kültürel temellerini incelemektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, edebiyatta gelişen dekadan sanat anlayışının resim sanatına yansıyan biçimsel ve tematik etkilerini analiz etmek; ölüm, çürüme, erotizm ve apokaliptik temalar gibi unsurları ele almaktır. Ayrıca, dekadan resim sanatı üzerine yapılan sınırlı çalışmalar nedeniyle mevcut literatürdeki boşluğa katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada, sanat tarihindeki önemli eserler ile bu eserlerin arka planındaki estetik ve felsefi akımlar incelenmiştir. Gustave Moreau, Odilon Redon, Edvard Munch ve Oscar Parviainen gibi sanatçıların eserleri tematik ve ikonografik çözümleme yöntemleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, dekadan sanatın Schopenhauer’in kötümser felsefesi, Baudelaire’in edebi etkileri ve ezoterik düşünceyle yakın bağlar kurduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, dekadan sanat yalnızca estetik bir yönelim değil, aynı zamanda dönemin ahlaki ve toplumsal yapısına yönelik eleştirel bir söylem olarak değerlendirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dekadan sanat
• Resim
• Gustave Moreau
• Aubrey Beardsley
• Oscar Parviainen

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Etik Beyan

gerekmiyor

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

1. Arata, S. (2014). Decadent form. ELH, 81(3), 1007–1027. https://doi.org/10.1353/elh.2014.0035
2. Bailey, J. (1996). Baudelaire's criminality and its consequences [Honors thesis, The University of Alabama in Huntsville]. LOUIS. https://louis.uah.edu/honors-capstones/28
3. Beardsley, A. (1892–1893). Siegfried'in II. perdesi için çizim [Kağıt üzerine mürekkep]. Victoria ve Albert Müzesi (V&A), Londra. https://www.wikiart.org/en/aubrey-beardsley/siegfried-
4. Cooke, P. (2011). “It isn’t a dance”: Gustave Moreau’s Salome and The Apparition. Dance Research: The Journal of the Society for Dance Research, 29(2), 214–232. https://doi.org/10.3366/drs.2011.0013
5. Delville, J. (1903). İnsan-Tanrı [Tuval üzerine yağlıboya]. https://www.artrenewal.org/Artwork/Index/47881
6. Delville, J. (1910). The new mission of art: A study of idealism in art (F. Colmer, Trans.). Francis Griffiths. Erkal, O. (2020). Jean Delville’in resimlerinde ezoterik sembollerin kullanımı. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(12), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.17932/IAU.SANAT.2015.015/
7. Goldfarb, R. M. (1962). Late Victorian decadence. The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, 20(4), 369–373. https://www.jstor.org/stable/427899
8. Joachim, H. (1961). Notes on Redon’s prints. In J. Rewald (Ed.), Odilon Redon, Gustave Moreau, Rodolphe Bresdin (pp. 94–108). The Museum of Modern Art; the Art Institute of Chicago; Doubleday & Co.

9. Michaelides, C. (2014, October 20). Félicien Rops, Baudelaire and skeleton passions. British Library Blogs. https://blogs.bl.uk/european/2014/10/f%C3%A9licien-rops-baudelaire-and-
10. Moreau, G. (1876). Salome’nin Herod’un önünde dansı [Tuval üzerine yağlıboya]. https://www.getdailyart.com/tr/18598/gustave-moreau/salome-herod-un-karsisinda-dans-ederken
11. Moreau, G. (n.d.). The Apparition [Painting]. https://artvee.com/dl/apparition-3/
12. Moure Cecchini, L. (2020). Decadence and the visual arts. In C. Morowitz & E. Richards (Eds.), Cambridge critical concepts: Decadence (pp. 133–150). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108550826.009
13. Munch, E. (1895–1902). Vampir II [Litografi ve tahta baskı]. https://www.simondickinson.com/artwork/vampyrvampire-ii-18951902/
14. Murphy, I. R. (2020). Art, androgyny, and the femme fatale in decadent fictions of the nineteenth century [Doctoral dissertation]. Manchester Metropolitan University.
15. Pach, W. (1913). Odilon Redon. Association of American Painters and Sculptors.
16. Parviainen, O. (1914). Kapuçin Rahipleri Mahzeni [Tuval üzerine yağlıboya]. Joensuu Sanat Müzesi. https://picryl.com/media/oscar-parviainen-crypt-of-the-capuchin-friars-463a57
17. Parviainen, O. (n.d.). Crypt of the Capuchin Friars [Painting]. https://picryl.com/media/oscar-
18. Redon, O. (yaklaşık 1880–1890). Hayalet [Kağıt üzerine kömür ve pastel]. J. Paul Getty Müzesi, Los Angeles. https://artvee.com/dl/apparition-3/
19. Ribeyrol, C. (2021). Verdeurs: Oscar Wilde, Dorian Gray and the colors of decadence. Victorian Literature and Culture, 49(4), 753–775. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1060150320000261
20. Rops, F. (1866). Baudelaire’in Les Épaves’inden (Enkazlar) Rops’un ön sayfası [Gravür]. British Library. https://blogs.bl.uk/european/2014/10/f%C3%A9licien-rops-baudelaire-and-skeleton-
21. Skryabin, V. Y., Skryabina, A. A., Torrado, M. V., & Gritchina, E. A. (2020). Edvard Munch: The collision of art and mental disorder. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 23(7), 570–578. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2020.1777537
22. Tate. (n.d.). The story of Aubrey Beardsley in five artworks. https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/aubrey-beardsley-716/story-aubrey-beardsley-five-artworks
23. Teukolsky, R. (2021). On the politics of decadent rebellion: Beardsley, Japonisme, Rococo. Victorian Literature and Culture, 49(4), 643–666. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1060150320000182
24. Välimäki, M. (2021). Decadence and occulture: Oscar Parviainen’s art. Approaching Religion, 11(1), 98–116. https://doi.org/10.30664/ar.98066