Turkey-Syria Relations before World War II

Abstract

Syria-Turkey relations have a long history. The fact that both states are located in the Middle East and have borders with each other has made diplomatic relations inevitable. In this article, Turkey-Syria relations are analysed objectively, based on history, and the events that deeply affected the relations of the two states are included. After Syria had been under Ottoman rule for a long time, it came under the French mandate. After being governed under the French mandate for a long time, it gained its independence as a result of great efforts and got rid of the French mandate. In this process, there were many developments in the diplomatic field between the two states, and from time to time tensions and good developments were achieved. In Turkey-Syria relations, the decisions and attitudes of states and structures such as Britain, France and the League of Nations have been decisive. The Hatay issue has been a major turning point in Turkey-Syria relations. In the article, the process starting from the interaction of the two nations a long time ago until the World War II is mentioned. In this context, Lausanne, Mudros, Mudanya, World War I, Sanjak Status and the Hatay problem were included and Turkey-Syria relations were tried to be explained.

Keywords

• Turkey
• Syria
• France
• League of Nations
• Hatay

II. Dünya Savaşı Öncesi Türkiye-Suriye İlişkileri

Öz

Suriye-Türkiye ilişkileri uzun bir tarihe dayanmaktadır. İki devletin de Ortadoğu’da konumlanması ve birbirlerine sınırlarının bulunması, diplomatik ilişkilerin yaşanmasını kaçınılmaz kılmıştır. Bu makalede, Türkiye-Suriye ilişkileri objektif bir şekilde, tarihe dayalı olarak incelenmiş, iki devletin ilişkilerini derinden etkileyen olaylara yer verilmiştir. Suriye uzun süre Osmanlı egemenliğinde varlığını sürdürdükten sonra, Fransız mandası altına girmiştir. Fransız mandasında uzun bir süre idare edildikten sonra, büyük uğraşlar sonucunda bağımsızlığını kazanmış ve Fransız mandasından kurtulmuştur. Bu süreçte iki devlet arasında diplomatik alanda birçok gelişme yaşanmış, zaman zaman gerilimler zaman zaman da iyi yönde gelişmeler sağlanmıştır. Türkiye-Suriye ilişkilerinde, İngiltere, Fransa, Milletler Cemiyeti gibi devlet ve yapıların karar ve tutumları belirleyici olmuştur. Hatay sorunu, Türkiye-Suriye ilişkilerinde büyük bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Makalede, iki milletin uzun zaman önce etkileşime geçmesinden başlayan süreçten, II. Dünya Savaşı’na kadar olan sürece kadar söz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, Lozan, Mondros, Mudanya, I. Dünya Savaşı, Sancak Statüsü ve Hatay sorunu konularına yer verilerek, Türkiye-Suriye ilişkileri anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türkiye
• Suriye
• Fransa
• Milletler Cemiyeti
• Hatay

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