Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2022, Sayı: 8, 1 - 24, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51575/atebe.1200094

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Badawi, Zaki. Islam in Britain. London: Ta ha Publishing, 1981.
  • Barton, Stewen W. The Bengali Muslims of Bradford: A Study of Their Observance of Islam with Special Reference to the Function of the Mosque and the Work of the Imam. Leeds: University of Leeds, 1986.
  • Birt, J. and Lewis, P. ‘The Pattern of Islamic Reform in Britain: The Deobandis between Intra-Muslim Sectarianism and Engagement with Wider Society’. Producing Islamic Knowledge: Transmission and Dissemination in Western Europe. ed. S. Allievi and M.V. Bruinessen. London: Routledge, 2010.
  • Birt, Jonathan. ‘Good Imam, Bad Imam: Civic Religion and National Integration in Britain Post-9/11’. The Muslim World 96 (2006), 687–705.
  • Bunt, G.R. IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam. USA: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
  • Bunt, G.R. Virtually Islamic: Computer-Mediated Communication and Cyber Islamic Environments. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000.
  • Geaves, Ron. Sectarian Influences Within Islam in Britain with Reference to the Concepts of ‘Ummah’ and ‘Community’. Leeds: Leeds University, 1996.
  • Hallaq, Wael b. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Küçükaşcı, Mustafa Sabri. ‘İmam’. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 22/178–190. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 2000.
  • Lewis, Philip. The Functions, Education and Influence of the ’Ulama in Bradford’s Muslim Communities. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1996.
  • Lewis, Philip. Young, British and Muslim. London: Continuum, 2008.
  • Lewis, Philip J. Bradford’s Muslim Communities and the Reproduction and Representation of Islam. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1993.
  • Madelung, Wilfred. ‘Imamate’. Encyclopaedia of Religion. Vol. 7. USA: Thomson Gale, no date.
  • Peter, Frank. ‘Individualization and Religious Authority in Western European Islam.’ Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 17/1 (no date), 105–118.
  • Robinson, Francis. ‘Crisis of Authority: Crisis of Islam?’ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 19 (2009), 339–354.
  • Shaw, Alison. A Pakistani Community in Britain. Oxford: Blackwell, 1988.
  • Waardenburg, Jacques. Islam: Historical, Social, and Political Perspectives. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2002.

The Attitude of Young Sunnī Muslims in Britain Towards Religious Authority

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 8, 1 - 24, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51575/atebe.1200094

Öz

The absence of one single religious authority for the whole Muslim community in Britain results in the emergence of various religious authorities due to ethnic and sectarian differences. Muslim communities in Britain have generally been ghettoized around ethnic and sectarian identities, and thus establishing mosque and religious authority accordingly. This paper investigates what the sources of religious authority for British born young Sunnī Muslims are. The data was gathered via an ethnographic research made in Leeds, one of the most cosmopolitan cities of Britain, interviewing young Sunnī British Muslims who are between 18 and 30 years old. The main aim of this study is to reflect on how and where these young Muslims get religious advice for their daily religious lives. This paper presents the preferences of the informants in seeking religious authority in the context of Britain. It is particularly significant to discover the orientation of British born Muslims from that aspect. Based on the preferences of young Sunnī Muslims in searching religious authority in Leeds, this paper initially introduces four mosque imāms, who lie at the centre of religious authority for ordinary Muslims. By dealing with them, I expose the role of mosque imāms in the life of Sunnī Muslims in Britain. The types of the questions raised by the mosque attendees and their methods in approaching the imāms are reported while each imām’s profile is examined. Then, I focus on two famous figures who issue religious rulings and have a special importance in the religious lives of Muslims in Leeds. Finally, the Internet is examined as a virtual platform in seeking religious authority for ordinary Muslims living in Britain. Thus, this study offers two main results: From different sectarian orientations, such as Deobandī, Barēlwī and Jamāʿat-i Islāmī, they generally admit that following a school of law (Ḥanafī, Mālikī, Shāfiʿī, and Ḥanbalī) in current is essential for a lay person. Therefore, the tendency among them in seeking religious guidance initially starts from local mosque imāms, and then widened with more expert ʿulamāʾ repudiated across their ethnic and sectarian oriented communities.

Kaynakça

  • Badawi, Zaki. Islam in Britain. London: Ta ha Publishing, 1981.
  • Barton, Stewen W. The Bengali Muslims of Bradford: A Study of Their Observance of Islam with Special Reference to the Function of the Mosque and the Work of the Imam. Leeds: University of Leeds, 1986.
  • Birt, J. and Lewis, P. ‘The Pattern of Islamic Reform in Britain: The Deobandis between Intra-Muslim Sectarianism and Engagement with Wider Society’. Producing Islamic Knowledge: Transmission and Dissemination in Western Europe. ed. S. Allievi and M.V. Bruinessen. London: Routledge, 2010.
  • Birt, Jonathan. ‘Good Imam, Bad Imam: Civic Religion and National Integration in Britain Post-9/11’. The Muslim World 96 (2006), 687–705.
  • Bunt, G.R. IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam. USA: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
  • Bunt, G.R. Virtually Islamic: Computer-Mediated Communication and Cyber Islamic Environments. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000.
  • Geaves, Ron. Sectarian Influences Within Islam in Britain with Reference to the Concepts of ‘Ummah’ and ‘Community’. Leeds: Leeds University, 1996.
  • Hallaq, Wael b. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Küçükaşcı, Mustafa Sabri. ‘İmam’. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 22/178–190. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 2000.
  • Lewis, Philip. The Functions, Education and Influence of the ’Ulama in Bradford’s Muslim Communities. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1996.
  • Lewis, Philip. Young, British and Muslim. London: Continuum, 2008.
  • Lewis, Philip J. Bradford’s Muslim Communities and the Reproduction and Representation of Islam. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1993.
  • Madelung, Wilfred. ‘Imamate’. Encyclopaedia of Religion. Vol. 7. USA: Thomson Gale, no date.
  • Peter, Frank. ‘Individualization and Religious Authority in Western European Islam.’ Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 17/1 (no date), 105–118.
  • Robinson, Francis. ‘Crisis of Authority: Crisis of Islam?’ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 19 (2009), 339–354.
  • Shaw, Alison. A Pakistani Community in Britain. Oxford: Blackwell, 1988.
  • Waardenburg, Jacques. Islam: Historical, Social, and Political Perspectives. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2002.

Britanya'daki Genç Sünnî Müslümanların Dini Otoriteye Karşı Tutumu

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 8, 1 - 24, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.51575/atebe.1200094

Öz

Britanya'daki tüm Müslüman toplumu için tek bir dini otoritenin olmaması, etnik ve mezhepsel farklılıklara bağlı olarak pek çok dini otoritenin oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Britanya’daki Müslüman topluluklar genelde etnik ve mezhepsel kimlikler etrafında kümeleştiklerinden ötürü camileri ve dini otoriteyi de buna göre oluşturmuşlardır. Bu makale, Britanya doğumlu genç Sünnî Müslümanlar için dini otoritenin ne olduğunu araştırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan veriler Britanya’nın en kozmopolit şehirlerinden biri olan Leeds şehrinde, etnografik bir çalışmayla 18-30 yaş aralığındaki genç- Sünni Müslümanlarla yapılan mülakatlardan elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel gayesi bu genç Müslümanların günlük dini yaşamlarında dini tavsiyeleri nereden ve nasıl aldıklarını yansıtmaktır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Britanya bağlamında araştırmaya katılan kişilerin dini otorite arayışlarındaki tercihlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu açıdan özellikle Britanya doğumlu genç Müslümanların eğilimini ortaya koymak son derece önemlidir. Bu makale, başlangıç olarak katılımcıların tercihlerine dayalı olarak Müslümanlar için dini otoritenin merkezinde bulunan dört cami imamını takdim etmektedir. Onları ele almakla, Britanya’daki Sünni Müslümanların yaşamlarında cami imamlarının rolü ortaya konulmaktadır. Her bir imamın profili incelenirken camii cemaatinin hangi sorular sorduğu ve imamlara yaklaşım metodu yansıtılmaktadır. Daha sonra, Leeds ’teki Müslümanların dini yaşamlarında özel bir önemi olan ve fetva veren iki meşhur din uzmanı ele alınmaktadır. Son olarak da Britanya’da yaşayan sıradan Müslümanların dini otorite arayışında sanal bir bilgi kaynağı olarak internet incelenmektedir. Böylece bu çalışma başlıca iki sonuç ortaya koyar: Britanya’daki genç Müslümanlar Deobandī, Barēlwī ve Cema’ati İslâmî gibi farklı mezhebi kimliklerden de olsalar da sıradan bir Müslümanın belli bir ameli mezhebi (Hanefî, Şafiî, Malikî ve Hanbelî) takip etmenin elzem olduğunu kabul etmektedirler. Diğeri ise onların dini otorite arayışındaki eğilimlerinin genelde ilk olarak yerel cami imamından başlayıp sonra da onların etnik ve mezhebi çevrelerinde meşhur olan daha uzman ulemaya kadar geniş çevreye ulaşmasıdır.

Kaynakça

  • Badawi, Zaki. Islam in Britain. London: Ta ha Publishing, 1981.
  • Barton, Stewen W. The Bengali Muslims of Bradford: A Study of Their Observance of Islam with Special Reference to the Function of the Mosque and the Work of the Imam. Leeds: University of Leeds, 1986.
  • Birt, J. and Lewis, P. ‘The Pattern of Islamic Reform in Britain: The Deobandis between Intra-Muslim Sectarianism and Engagement with Wider Society’. Producing Islamic Knowledge: Transmission and Dissemination in Western Europe. ed. S. Allievi and M.V. Bruinessen. London: Routledge, 2010.
  • Birt, Jonathan. ‘Good Imam, Bad Imam: Civic Religion and National Integration in Britain Post-9/11’. The Muslim World 96 (2006), 687–705.
  • Bunt, G.R. IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam. USA: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
  • Bunt, G.R. Virtually Islamic: Computer-Mediated Communication and Cyber Islamic Environments. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2000.
  • Geaves, Ron. Sectarian Influences Within Islam in Britain with Reference to the Concepts of ‘Ummah’ and ‘Community’. Leeds: Leeds University, 1996.
  • Hallaq, Wael b. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Küçükaşcı, Mustafa Sabri. ‘İmam’. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. 22/178–190. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 2000.
  • Lewis, Philip. The Functions, Education and Influence of the ’Ulama in Bradford’s Muslim Communities. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1996.
  • Lewis, Philip. Young, British and Muslim. London: Continuum, 2008.
  • Lewis, Philip J. Bradford’s Muslim Communities and the Reproduction and Representation of Islam. Leeds: Leeds University Phamplets, 1993.
  • Madelung, Wilfred. ‘Imamate’. Encyclopaedia of Religion. Vol. 7. USA: Thomson Gale, no date.
  • Peter, Frank. ‘Individualization and Religious Authority in Western European Islam.’ Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations 17/1 (no date), 105–118.
  • Robinson, Francis. ‘Crisis of Authority: Crisis of Islam?’ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 19 (2009), 339–354.
  • Shaw, Alison. A Pakistani Community in Britain. Oxford: Blackwell, 1988.
  • Waardenburg, Jacques. Islam: Historical, Social, and Political Perspectives. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2002.
Toplam 17 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Din, Toplum ve Kültür Araştırmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Aydın Bayram 0000-0002-1620-9859

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Sayı: 8

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Bayram, Aydın. “The Attitude of Young Sunnī Muslims in Britain Towards Religious Authority”. ATEBE 8 (Aralık 2022), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.51575/atebe.1200094.

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