Hastanede Tedavi Edilen Kronik İnmeli Hastaların Aile Yakınları veya Bakıcı Tarafından Refakat Edilmesinin, Hasta Tarafından Algılanan Sosyal Destek Düzeyi, Fiziksel Bağımsızlık, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Depresyon Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 55 - 59, 30.03.2022

Naziye Ceyhan , Seda Baktır , Yıldız Analay Akbaba , Başak Bilir Kaya

Öz

Amaç: İnme, fiziksel, mental ve algısal problemlere yol açan toplumsal bir sorundur. İnme sonrası fiziksel ve psikososyal iyilikhali sosyal destek ve bakımla ilişkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışmamızda yatarak rehabilite edilen kronik inmeli hastaların, aile desteğinin olması, algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi, fonksiyonel durum, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda Erenköy Rehabilitasyon Hastanesine Nisan- Eylül 2021 tarihleri arasında yatırılan 122 kronik inmeli hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların Sosyal destek, Fiziksel Bağımsızlık, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Depresyon düzeyleri değerlendirildi. Aile grubu (ort 72,65±5,51 yaş, %82 evli) ve Bakıcı grubu (ort 71,65±5,08 yaş, %73 evli) 61’er kronik inmeli hastadan oluşmaktaydı.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması aile grubu 72,65(65-83), bakıcı grubu 71,65(65-85) saptandı (p=0,36). Aile grubunda evli olanların oranı, bakıcı grubuna göre anlamlı olarak yüksek saptandı (p<0,01). Aile grubunda bakıcı grubuna göre algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi, depresyon ve fiziksel bağımsızlık yönünden istaististiksel olarak anlamlı fark gözlenirken (p<0,01), yaşam kalitesi yönünden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p=0,34).
Sonuç: İnme sonrası algılanan sosyal destek düzeyi ve depresyon yönünden bakım veren kişinin önemli olduğunu gösterdi. Aile desteğinin olması inmeli hastaların rehabilitasyonunda olumlu katkı sağlayabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: İnme, Sosyal Destek, Depresyon

Abstract:
Objective: Stroke is a social problem that causes physical, mental and perceptual problems. Post-strokephysical and psychosocial well-being is only thought to be related to social support and care. In our study, it was aimed to determine the effects of inpatient rehabilitated chronic stroke patients on having family support, perceived social support level, functional status, quality of life and depression.
Materials and Methods: 122 chronic stroke patients hospitalized in Erenköy Hospital between April and September 2021. Social support, Physical Independence, Quality of Life, and Depression of the patients were evaluated. 61 patients (mean 72.65±5.51 years, 82% married) who were accompanied by the family, and 61 patients (mean 71.65±5.08 years, 73% married) who were accompanied by a caregiver.
Results: 122 hospitalized chronic stroke patients age of 61 cared for by their families was 72.65 (65-83), and 61 patients cared for by caregivers was 71.65 (65-85) (p=0.36). Married people in the family group was found to be significantly higher than in the caregiver group (p<0.01). While a statistically significant difference was observed in the family group in terms of perceived social support, depression and physical independence compared to the caregiver group (p<0.01), no statistically significant difference was found in terms of quality of life (p=0.34).
Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was shown that the level of perceived social support and depression after stroke are important for the caregiver. Having family support can contribute positively to the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

Keywords: Stroke, Social Support, Depression

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnme, Sosyal Destek, Depresyon

Kaynakça

• 1. Feigin VL, Abajobir AA, Abate KH, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders during 1990– 2015: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet Neurol 2017;16(11): 877–97.
• 2. Karadakovan A, Bilinç Düzeyi Değişiklikleri: Kardakovan A, Eti Aslan F. Editör. 2. Ed. Dahili ve Cerrahi Hastalıklarda Bakım. Adana: Nobel Kitabevi; 2010. s.1204-16
• 3. Kristensen, HK, Borg T, and Hounsgaard L, Aspects affecting occupational therapists' reasoning when implementing research-based evidence in stroke rehabilitation. Scandinavian journal of occupational therapy, 2012. 19(2): p. 118- 131.
• 4. Şahin D (1999). Sosyal destek ve sağlık. Sağlık Psikolojisi Giriş. Editör: Okyayuz Ü., 1. Baskı, Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayınları No:19, Ankara
• 5. Dayapoğlu N and Tan M, İnmeli Hastaların Aileden Algıladıkları Sosyal Destek. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences, 2009. 12(4).
• 6. Glass TA et al, Impact of social support on outcome in first stroke. Stroke, 1993. 24(1): p. 64-70.
• 7. Hsieh YW, Wang CH, Wu SC at al, Establishing the Minimal Clinically Important Difference of the Barthel Index in Stroke Patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. May-Jun 2007;21(3):233-8.
• 8. Tonsing K, Zimet GD, Tse S. Assessing social support among South Asians: the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Asian J Psychiatr. 2012;5(2):164–8.
• 9. Shah, S, Vanclay F, and Cooper B, Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation. J Clin Epidemiol, 1989. 42(8): p. 703-709.
• 10. Beck, T, Ward C, & Mendelson M. (1961). Beck Depression İnventory (BDI). Arch Gen Psychiatry, 4, 561-571
• 11. Williams LS, Weinberger M, Harris LE at al, Development of a stroke-specific quality of life. Stroke.1999;30,1362–9.
• 12. Brandstater ME (2005). Stroke rehabilitation. Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Principles and Practice. Editors: JA DeLisa, BM Gans, NE Walsh, 4th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia.
• 13. Akinpelu AO, Gbiri CA. Quality of life of stroke survivors and apparently healthy individuals in southwestern Nigeria. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 2009:25(1);14-20.
• 14. Lo Buono V, Corallo F, Bramanti P, at al, Coping strategies and health-related quality of life after stroke. Journal of Health Psychology.2017;22(1):16–28
• 15. Visser MM, Aben L, Heijenbrok-Kal MH at al, The relative effect of coping strategy and depression on health-related quality of life in patients in the chronic phase after stroke. J Rehabil Med. 2014 Jun;46(6):514-9.
• 16. Quinn K, Murray C, Malone C. Spousal experiences of coping with and adapting to caregiving for a partner who has a stroke: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Disability and rehabilitation.2014;36(3):185-98.
• 17. Christenfeld N, Gerin W, Sanders M ve ark. (1997) Social support effect on cardiovascular reactivity: is a stranger as effective as a friend? Psychsom Med, 59; 388-398
• 18. Uchino BN, Cacippo JT, Kiecolt-Glaser JK (1996) The relationship between social support and physiological processes: A review with emphasis on underlying mechanisms and implications for health. Psychol Bull, 119:488-531
• 19. Winemiller DR, Mitchell ME, Sutliff J ve ark. (1993) Measurement strategies in social support: A descriptive review of the literature. J Clin Psychol, 49: 638-648.
• 20. Dilek A, et al, İnme sonrası gelişen depresyonun fonksiyonel bozukluk ve rehabilitasyon sonuçlarına etkileri. Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2005. 51(4).
• 21. Karahan AY and Kaydok E, Geriyatrik hemiplejik olgularda depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyi. Şişli Etfal Tıp Bülteni. 47(3): p. 130-137.
• 22. Knapp P and Hewison J, The protective effects of social support against mood disorder after stroke. Psychology, health & medicine, 1998. 3(3): p. 275-283
• 23. Şenocak Ö, El Ö, Söylev GÖ at al. İnme sonrasında yaşam kalitesini etkileyen faktörler. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2008;25(3):169-75.
• 24. Akinpelu AO, Gbiri CA. Quality of life of stroke survivors and apparently healthy individuals in southwestern Nigeria. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice 2009:25(1);14-20.
• 25. Ones K, Yilmaz E, Çetinkaya B, at al, Quality of life for patients post-stroke and the factors affecting it. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease 2005;14(6):261-66.
• 26. Kruithof WJ, et al., Associations between social support and stroke survivors’ health-related quality of life—a systematic review. Patient education and counseling, 2013. 93(2): p. 169-176.
• 27. Topçu S, Bölüktaş RP, Orijinal makale İnmeli Hastalarda Yaşam Kalitesi ve Sosyal Desteğin Yaşam Kalitesine Etkisinin İncelenmesi 2012;29(3):159-164
• 28. Glass TA, et al, Impact of social support on outcome in first stroke. Stroke, 1993. 24(1): p. 64-70.
• 29. Glass TA. and Maddox GL, The quality and quantity of social support: stroke recovery as psycho-social transition. Social science & medicine, 1992. 34(11): p. 1249-1261.