Pregestasyonel diabetes mellitus ve gestasyonel diabetes mellitus tanılı hastalarda gebelikte kilo alımı ile ikinci ve üçüncü trimester gebelik komplikasyonları arasındaki ilişki–Retrospektif vaka kontrol çalışması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2-3, 61 - 71, 13.03.2023

İsa Kaplan

Öz

Amaç: Pregestasyonel diabetes mellitus (DM) tanılı gebeler ile gestasyonel diabetes mellitus (GDM) tanılı gebelerde gebelikte kilo alımı ile meydana gelebilecek obstetrik ve fetal komplikasyonlar arasında ilişki olup olmadığını saptamak.
Yöntem: Bu araştırma retrospektif vaka kontrol çalışmasıdır. ………………………. Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesinde Ocak 2013 ve Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın evrenini hastanemizde DM tanısı almış, takiplerine gelen ve hastanemizde doğum yapmış 321 hasta oluşturmaktadır. Hastalar gebelikte aldığı kilolara göre 7 kilogram (kg) altı, 7-12.9 kg arası ve 13 kg ve üzerinde kilo alımı şeklinde gruplandırılmış obstetrik ve fetal komplikasyon oranlarına bakılmıştır. Çalışmamızın istatistik analizi için SPSS (IBM SPSS for Windows, Ver.24) istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: 7-12.9 kg arası kilo alımı olan grupta gestasyonel hipertansiyon (GHT) 1.53 kat, preeklampsi 1.34 kat, polihidroamnios 1.26 kat, Large for Gestational Age (LGA) 2 kat, preterm doğum 1.3 kat ve yenidoğan hipoglisemisi 1.82 kat daha sık saptanmıştır. 13 kg ve üzerinde kilo alımı olan grupta GHT 2.2 kat, preeklampsi 2.12 kat, polihidroamnios 2.58 kat, LGA 2.9 kat, preterm doğum 2.17 kat ve yenidoğan hipoglisemisi 2.1 kat daha sık saptanmıştır. (%95 güven aralığında, p<0.05)
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda gebelik boyunca 13 kg ve üzeri kilo alımı olan gebelerde obstetrik komplikasyon oranlarında anlamlı bir artma saptanmıştır. Gebelikte kilo alımının kontrol altında tutulmasının obstetrik komplikasyon oranlarında azalma sağlayacağı kanısındayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gebelikte Kilo Alımı, Gebelikte Diabet, Gebelik Komplikasyonu, GDM, Kilo Alımı

The relationship between pregnancy weight gain and second and third-trimester pregnancy complications in patients with pregestational diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus-Retrospective case-control study

Öz

Aim: To determine whether there is a relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and obstetric and fetal complications in pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Material-Methods: This research is a retrospective case-control study. It was carried out at ……………….. Practice and Research Hospital between January 2013 and December 2017. The population of this study consists of 321 patients who were diagnosed with DM in our hospital, followed up, and gave birth in our hospital. Obstetric and fetal complication rates were evaluated according to the weight gain of the patients during pregnancy, grouped as less than 7 kilograms (kg), between 7-12.9 kg, and weight gain of 13 kg or more. SPSS (IBM SPSS for Windows, Ver.24) statistical package program was used for the statistical analysis of our study.
Results: Gestational hypertension (GHT) 1.53 times, preeclampsia 1.34 times, polyhydramnios 1.26 times, Large for Gestational Age (LGA) 2 times, preterm birth 1.3 times, and neonatal hypoglycemia 1.82 times were found in the group with weight gain between 7-12.9 kg. In the group with a weight gain of 13 kg or more, GHT was 2.2 times, preeclampsia 2.12 times, polyhydramnios 2.58 times, LGA 2.9 times, preterm birth 2.17 times, and neonatal hypoglycemia 2.1 times more frequent. (95% CI, p<0.05)
Conclusion: In our study, a significant increase was found in the rates of obstetric complications in pregnant women who gained 13 kg or more during pregnancy. We believe that keeping weight gain under control during pregnancy will reduce the rate of obstetric complications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Weight gain in Pregnancy, Diabetes in Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complication, GDM, Weight Gain

Kaynakça

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