İş Amaçlı Seyahat ve Bleisure Turizm: Akademisyenlerin Seyahat Motivasyonları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Kayseri'deki üniversitelerde görev yapan akademisyenlerin bir profilini oluşturan bleisure turistlerin eğilimleri ve seyahat motivasyonlarını değerlendirmek ve sektör temsilcilerinin ürün tasarımı ve pazarlama faaliyetlerinde faydalanabileceği öneriler sunmak, ayrıca ilgili literatürde geniş bir etki yaratması beklenen bilgi birikimini sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinde maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi de dahil olmak üzere amaçlı örnekleme yöntemleri kullanılarak, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla 24 akademisyenden veri toplanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, çoğu katılımcının önceden kavramsal olarak farkında olmamasına rağmen, iş bağlamında bleisure seyahatlerine yönelik olumlu bir eğilim sergiledikleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, katılımcıların bleisure seyahatlerine yönelik motivasyon faktörleri arasında kültürel keşif, kişisel planların gerçekleştirilmesi, aktivitelere katılım, yerel tatları keşfetme, mimari ve kültürel unsurları ziyaret etme ve otel olanaklarından faydalanma gibi unsurların olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş seyehati
• Bleisure turizm
• Seyahat motivasyonları
• Akademisyenler

Business Travel and Bleisure Tourism A Study on The Travel Motivations of Academics

Öz

In this study, the aim is to evaluate the tendencies and travel motivations of academics, who are one of the profiles of bleisure tourists in the sample of universities in Kayseri, towards bleisure tourism. The study also aims to provide suggestions that industry representatives can benefit from in product design and marketing activities, and to present knowledge that is expected to have a widespread impact on relevant body of knowledge. In line with the purpose of the research, data were collected through semi-structured interviews using the purposive sampling method, including 24 academics, within the framework of maximum diversity sampling in qualitative research methods. As a result of the analyses, it was found that the majority of participants, although not previously familiar with the concept, showed a positive inclination towards bleisure travel within their professional lives and frequently experienced such travels. Additionally, among the motivation factors for participants regarding bleisure travel, cultural exploration, personal planning, and participation in activities, as well as factors such as discovering local flavors, visiting architectural and cultural elements, and benefiting from the facilities of the hotel, were observed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Business travel
• Bleisure tourism
• Travel motivations
• Academics

Kaynakça

1. Abdullah, M., Dias, C., Muley, D., & Shahin, M. (2020). Exploring the Impacts of COVID-19 on Travel Behavior and Mode Preferences. Transportation research interdisciplinary perspectives, 8, 100255.
2. Aguilera, A. (2008). Business Travel And Mobile Workers. Journal Of Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 42(8): 1109–1116.
3. Alp, B. & Yazıcı Ayyıldız, A. (2020). Turizm Pazarında Yeni Bir Fırsat: Bleisure (A New Opportunity in Tourism Market: Bleisure. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8 (1), 336-354.
4. Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel Araştırmalarda Örnekleme Yöntemleri ve Örnek Hacmi Sorunsalı Üzerine Kavramsal Bir Inceleme. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7(1), 231-274.
5. Вагапова, Л. Р. (2023). The Development Of" Bleısure Tourısm" As A New Trend In The Field Of Busıness Tourısm. ББК 72 C84, 392.
6. Caicedo-Barreth, A., Pavón, E. S., & Santos, L. L. (2020). Competitiveness of Guayaquil towards Bleisure Tourism. European Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, 10(2), 118-133.
7. Chen, G., Bao, J., & Huang, S.S. (2014). Segmenting Chinese Backpackers by Travel Motivations. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16: 355–367.
8. Chung, J. Y., Choi, Y. K., Yoo, B. K., & Kim, S. H. (2020). Bleisure Tourism Experience Chain: Implications for Destination Marketing. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(3), 300-310. DOI: 10.1080/10941665.2019.1708760

9. Crompton, L. (1979). Motivations for Pleasure Vacation. Annals of Tourism Research 6(4): 408– 424.
10. Çetinöz, C., B. & Hazarhun, E. (2020). Turizm Endüstrisinde Yeni Bir Trend: Bleisure Seyahatler ve Motivasyon Unsurlari. Journal of Recreation and Tourism Research, 7(4), 500-527.
11. Dann, G. (1977). Anomie, Ego-Enhancement and Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 4(4): 184–194.
12. Devesa, M., Laguna, M. & Palacios, A. (2010). The Role of Motivation in Visitor Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence in Rural Tourism. Tourism Management, 31(4), 547- 552.
13. Fleischer, A., & Pizam, A. (2002). Tourism Constrains Among Israeli Seniors. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(1), 106-123.
14. Fredman, P., & Heberlein, T.A. (2005). Visits to the Swedish Mountains: Constraints and Motivations. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 5(3), 177-192.
15. Fodness, D. (1994). Measuring Tourist Motivation. Annals of Tourism Research 21(3): 555–581.
16. Gustafson, P. (2012). Managing Business Travel: Developments and Dilemmas in Corporate Travel Management. Tourism management, 33(2), 276-284.
17. Jang, S. & Wu C. (2006). Seniors Travel Motivation and the Influential Factors: An Examination of Taiwanese Senior. Tourism Management 27(2): 306–316
18. Kasalak, M. A. , Bozca, S. & Bahar, M. (2019). Turist Rehberleri İçin Yeni Bir Turizm Türü: Bleisure. Journal of Travel and Tourism Research, (14), 27-38 . Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ttr/issue/57880/829540
19. Kayseri Valiliği, (2023). Eğitim ve Kültür Durumu. http://www.kayseri.gov.tr/egitim-ve-kultur-durumu, Erişim tarihi: 28.11.2023
20. Keadplang, K. (2018). Competitiveness Development of Wellness Tourism Destination toward VIP Xperience for Bleisure Tourists. International (Humanities, Social Sciences and Arts), Vol. 11 , No 5.
21. Kluin, J., & Letho, X. (2012). Measuring Family Reunion Travel Motivation. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 820– 841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.09.008
22. Kolbe, R. H., & Burnett, M. S. (1991). Content-Analysis Research: An Examination of Applications with Directives for Improving Research Reliability and Objectivity. Journal of Consumer Research, 18, 243–250.
23. Konstantinova, S. (2019). Digital Transformation in Tourism. KNOWLEDGE - International Journal, 35(1), 188–193.
24. Lichy, J., & McLeay, F. (2018). Bleisure: Motivations and Typologies. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(4), 517-530.
25. Mayo, E.J., & Jarvis, L.P. (1981). The Psychology of Leisure Travel. CBI: Boston, MA
26. Meng, F., Tepanon, Y. & Uysal, M. (2008). Measuring Tourist Satisfaction by Attribute and Motivation: The Case of a Nature-Based Resort. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14(1), 41-56.
27. Mercan, R., & Sandıkcı, M. (2024). Bleisure Tourism: Business and Leisure Together. In Future Tourism Trends Volume 1: Tourism in the Changing World (pp. 3-15). Emerald Publishing Limited.
28. Miles, B. M. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Source Book. California: Sage Publications.
29. Qiao, G., Zhang J., Pabel A., & Chen, N. (2021) Understanding the Factors Influencing the Leisure Tourism Behavior of Visually Impaired Travelers: An Empirical Study in China. Front. Psychol. 12:684285. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684285
30. Özel, Ç. H., & Kozak, N. (2012). Motive Based Segmentation of the Cultural Tourism Market: A Study of Turkish Domestic Tourists. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 13(3), 165-186.
31. Pearce, P.L., & Caltabiano, M. (1983). Inferring Travel Motivation From Travellers’ Experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 12(2), 16-20.
32. Petrenko, A., Ekinil, G., & Provotorina, V. (2023). Organization of bleisure-tourists service as a factor of sustainable development of the tourism sector of the Rostov region. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 381). EDP Sciences.
33. Pinho, M. & Marques, J. (2021). The Bleisure Tourism Trend and The Potential for this Business-Leisure Symbiosis in Porto. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, Vol. 22, No. 4, 346–362. https://doi.org/10.1080/15470148.2021.1905575
34. Raykova, M. (2021). Bleisure Travel-New Trend In Tourism. In Интеграция туризма в экономическую систему региона: перспективы и барьеры (pp. 307-311).
35. Sardest, Z. F., & Ivanauskas, V. O. (2019). Bleisure Tourism ‘Impact of Employees’ Motivations and Quality of Life. Hollanda: Aalborg Universitet.
36. Scott, N., Cooper, C., & Baggio, R. (2008). Destination Networks: Four Australian Cases. Annals of tourism research, 35(1), 169-188.
37. Sohaili, N. L. M., Aminudin, N., & Amir, A. F. (2022). Bleisure Motivation Towards Leisure Attraction: A Systematic Literature Review. Social Sciences, 12(11), 910-922.
38. Starĉević, S., & Konjikušić, S. (2018). Why Millenials as Digital Travelers Transformed Marketing Strategy in Tourism Industry. International Thematic Monograph Tourism in Function of Development of the Republic of Serbia - Тourism in the Era of Digital Transformation, University of Kragujevac, pp.221-24.
39. Tsaur, S.H. & Tsai, C.H. (2023). Bleisure Travel Experience: Scale Development and Validation, Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 40:1, 21-37, DOI: 10.1080/10548408.2023.2199773
40. Unger, O., Uriely, N., & Fuchs, G. (2016). The Business Travel Experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 142-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2016.10.003
41. Uysal, M., & Jurowski, C. (1994). Testing the Push and Pull Factors. Annals of Tourism Research 21(4): 844–846.
42. Ünal, A. & Özgürel, G. (2021). A Research on Determining the Destination Quality Perceptions and Intentions to Revisit of Bleisure Tourists: İstanbul Case. Tourism & Recreation, 3 (1) 1-10
43. Walia, S., Kour, P., Choudhary, P., & Jasrotia, A. (2021). COVID-19 and The Bleisure Travellers: An Investigation on The Aftermaths and Future Implications, Tourism Recreation Research, DOI: 10.1080/02508281.2021.1946653.