The Effect of the Change in the Concentration Level of the Independent Audit Market in Turkey on the Earnings Distribution of Audit Firms

Öz

Independent auditing is an assurance mechanism designed to enhance the reliability of published financial data. In Turkey, independent auditing began on a voluntary basis in the 1970s and became mandatory for certain firms in the 1980s with the introduction of new legislation. Many studies have been conducted in the independent audit market over time, as it is critical for ensuring the reliability of financial data. This study aims to measure the current concentration level of the Turkish audit market, compare this level with previous findings, and determine the effect of changes in the concentration rate on the earnings distribution of audit firms. For this purpose, data obtained from a total of 372 transparency reports published between 2020 and 2023 were used. To ensure comparability with earlier research, this study applies the same methodologies: N-Firm Concentration Ratio, Lorenz Curve, Gini Coefficient and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. As a result of the analysis, it is understood that although the concentration of the audit market in Turkey has decreased slightly, the market retains an oligopolistic structure, and the slight decline in concentration has had no impact on the income distribution among audit firms, as indicated by the unchanged Gini Coefficient. In addition, it is concluded that 4 large audit firms continue to dominate the audit market and Turkey is similar to the European Union countries in terms of audit market concentration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Audit
• Independent Audit
• Audit Concentration
• Audit Market
• Concentration Level

Türkiye’deki Bağımsız Denetim Piyasasının Yoğunlaşma Düzeyindeki Değişiminin Denetim Firmalarının Kazanç Dağılımına Etkisi

Öz

Bağımsız denetim, firmaların yayınlamış oldukları mali verinin güvenirliğini artırmak için bir güvence sistemidir. Türkiye’de bağımsız denetim ilk olarak 70’li yıllarda ihtiyari olarak başlamış ve 80’li yıllarda yasal mevzuat oluşturularak belli firmalar için zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Mali verinin güvenirliğinin sağlanası bakımından kritik öneme sahip olduğundan bağımsız denetim piyasasında zaman içerisinde pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de denetim piyasasının yoğunlaşma düzeyini güncel veriler ile ölçmek ve önceki çalışmalar ile kıyaslayarak, yoğunlaşma oranının değişiminin, denetim firmalarının gelir dağılımı üzerine etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla 2020-2023 yılları arasında yayınlanan toplam 372 şeffaflık raporlarından elde edilen veriler kullanılmaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarını Türkiye’de yapılan önceki çalışmalar ile kıyaslayabilmek için önceki çalışmalarda kullanılan N-Firma Yoğunlaşma Oranı, Lorenz Eğrisi ve Gini Katsayısı ve Herfindahl-Hirschman Endeksi yöntemleri kullanılarak analizler yapılmaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Türkiye’de denetim piyasasının yoğunluğunun sınırlı miktarda azalmasına rağmen piyasanın oligopol görünümünün devam ettiği ve yoğunlaşma oranındaki sınırlı azalışın Gini Katsayısı verilerine göre bağımsız denetim kurumları arasında kazanç dağılımına etkisinin olmadığı ve adaletsiz dağılımın devam ettiği anlaşılmaktadır. Ek olarak denetim piyasasında 4 büyük denetim firmasının piyasaya hakimiyetini devam ettirdiği ve Türkiye’nin denetim piyasası yoğunluğu bakımından Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri ile benzer olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denetim
• Bağımsız Denetim
• Denetimin Yoğunlaşması
• Denetim Piyasası
• Yoğunlaşma Düzeyi

Kaynakça

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