A comparison of key risk management frameworks: COSO-ERM, NIST RMF, ISO 31.000, COBIT

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 185 - 205, 31.07.2023

Ahmet Efe

Öz

Risk management frameworks play an essential role in identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks to ensure the effective governance and operation of organizations. It is also one of the key elements of assurance and consultancy services of internal auditing in risk-based audit plans and programs. This study aims to provide an in-depth comparison of four widely used risk management frameworks: the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission Enterprise Risk Management (COSO-ERM), the National Institute of Standards and Technology Risk Management Framework (NIST RMF), the International Organization for Standardization 31000 (ISO 31.000), and Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies (COBIT). The analysis is conducted based on their underlying principles, structure, risk assessment methodologies, and applicability in various industries. We evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each framework, including their adaptability and relevance in addressing emerging risks, such as cybersecurity and data privacy. It is found that implementing ISO 31000 and COBIT frameworks requires addressing challenges and limitations, including commitment from top management, knowledge and training, customization, and monitoring. To succeed, organizations should demonstrate commitment, provide training, customize the frameworks, and establish robust monitoring systems. The findings from this study serve as a guide for organizations seeking to adopt or transition between risk management frameworks, ultimately enabling them to select the most suitable approach tailored to their specific needs and risk landscape.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Risk management frameworks, COSO-ERM, NIST RMF, ISO 31.000, COBIT

Temel Risk Yönetimi Çerçevelerinin Karşılaştırması: COSO-ERM, NIST RMF, ISO 31.000, COBIT

Öz

Risk yönetimi çerçeveleri, kuruluşların etkin yönetişimini ve işleyişini sağlamak için risklerin tanımlanmasında, değerlendirilmesinde ve azaltılmasında önemli bir rol oynar. Aynı zamanda risk esaslı denetim plan ve programlarında iç denetimin güvence ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin de temel unsurlarından biridir. Bu çalışma, yaygın olarak kullanılan dört risk yönetimi çerçevesinin derinlemesine bir karşılaştırmasını sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır: Treadway Komisyonu Kurumsal Risk Yönetiminin Sponsor Kuruluşları Komitesi (COSO-ERM), Ulusal Standartlar ve Teknoloji Enstitüsü Risk Yönetimi Çerçevesi (NIST RMF), Uluslararası Standardizasyon Örgütü 31000 (ISO 31.000) ve Bilgi ve İlgili Teknolojiler için Kontrol Hedefleri (COBIT). Analiz, temel ilkelerine, yapısına, risk değerlendirme metodolojilerine ve çeşitli endüstrilerdeki uygulanabilirliğine göre yapılmaktadır. Siber güvenlik ve veri gizliliği gibi ortaya çıkan riskleri ele almadaki uygunlukları ve uygunlukları dahil olmak üzere her bir çerçevenin güçlü ve zayıf yönleri değerlendirilmektedir. ISO 31000 ve COBIT çerçevelerinin uygulanmasının, üst yönetimin taahhüdü, bilgi ve eğitim, özelleştirme ve izleme dahil olmak üzere zorlukların ve sınırlamaların ele alınmasını gerektirdiği bulunmuştur. Başarılı olmak için kuruluşlar bağlılık göstermeli, eğitim sağlamalı, çerçeveleri özelleştirmeli ve sağlam izleme sistemleri kurmalıdır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, risk yönetimi çerçevelerini benimsemek veya bunlar arasında geçiş yapmak isteyen kuruluşlar için kapsamlı bir rehber işlevi görerek nihai olarak kendi özel ihtiyaçlarına ve risk ortamına göre en uygun yaklaşımı seçmelerine olanak tanımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Risk yönetimi çerçeveleri, COSO-ERM, NIST RMF, ISO 31.000, COBIT

Kaynakça

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