BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ’NDEKİ ENGELLİ TANIMI HAKKINDA BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 57 Sayı: 2, 51 - 62, 01.06.2008
https://doi.org/10.1501/Hukfak_0000000276

Öz

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde uygulamada olan Engelli Amerikalılar Yasası, engelli kimseler açısından önemli bir yasa olup, engellilik hakkında çok yararlı uygulamalar öngörmektedir. Amerikan hukukunda engelli kavramı, kısa ve açık bir biçimde tanımlanmıştır. Geçmişte yaşanmış bozukluk/engellilik durumları ile engelli olmamasına rağmen engelliymiş gibi muamele gören kişiler de Kanunun korumasından yararlanmaktadır. Bizim hukuk sistemimizde engelli, bir çok kanunda ayrı ayrı tanımlanmıştır. Temel düzenlemeler olan “Özürlüler Yasası” (5378 sayılı Özürlüler ve Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun) ve “Özürlülük Ölçütü, Sınıflandırması ve Özürlülere Verilecek Sağlık Kurulu Raporları Hakkında Yönetmelik”teki tanımlamalar ise engeli olmadığı halde engelliymiş gibi muamele gören kişileri kapsamamaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Befort, Stephen F. - Holly Lindquist Thomas, “The ADA in Turmoil: Judicial Dissonance, the Supreme Court’s Response, and the Future of Disability Discrimination Law”, Oregon Law Review (Vol. 78,1999), ss. 27-104.
  • Bernstein, Josh, “The Efforts of Texas Courts to Disable Disability Law in Texas”, Texas Forum on Civil Liberties & Civil Rights (Vol. 2:43 1995), ss. 43-68.
  • Blanck, Peter-Ann Wilichowski-James Schmeling, “Disability Civil Rights Law and Policy: Accessible Courtroom Technology”, William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal (Vol 12:825 2004), ss. 825-842.
  • Bowe, Frank G., Physical, Sensory and Health Disabilities, An Introduction, Hofstra University, New Jersey, 2000.
  • Chodak, Robin, “Recent Decisions-Civil Rights-Handicap Discrimination Law, Pennsylvania Excludes Obesity From Protection Under The Pennsylvania Human Relations Act- Civil Service Commission v. Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission, 591 A.2d 281 (Pa. 1991)”, Temple Law Review (Vol. 65 1992), ss. 623-644.
  • Chorpening, Jennifer, “Genetic Disability: A Modest Proposal To Modify The ADA To Protect Against Some Forms Of Genetic Discrimination”, North Carolina Law Review (Vol. 82 2004), ss. 1441-1481.
  • Christoffel, Tom, Health and the Law, A Handbook for Health Professionals, 1985.
  • Gilbert, Justin S., “Prior History, Present Discrimination, and the ADA’s “Record of” Disability”, The University of Memphis Law Review (Vol. 31 2001), ss. 659-676.
  • Harris, Lynn J., “The Americans With Disabilities Act And Australia’s Disability Discrimination Act: Overcoming The Inadequacies”, Loy. L. A. Int’l & Comp. L. Rev (Vol.22:51 1999), ss. 51-98.
  • Kearney, Deborah, Reasonable Accommodations, Job Descriptions in the Age of ADA, OSHA, and Workers’ Comp, 1994.
  • Kramer, Karen M.-Arlene B. Mayerson, “Obesity Discrimination In The Workplace: Protection Through A Perceived Disability Claim Under The Rehabilitation Act And The Americans With Disabilities Act”, California Western Law Reivew (Vol. 31 1994), ss. 41-72.
  • Limas, Vicki J., “Significiant Employment Law Decisions In The 1997-98 Term: A Clarification of Sexual Harassment Law And A Broad Definition Of Disability”, Tulsa Law Journal (Vol. 34:307 1999), ss. 307-328.
  • Long, Alex, “State Anti-Discrimination Law As A Model For Amending The Americans With Disabilities Act”, University of Pittsburgh Law Review (Vol. 65:597 2004), ss. 597-654.
  • Lynch, Andrew, “Is obesity a disability – actual or perceived – under the Disability Discrimination Act 1992?”, Deakin Law Review, 1996, ss. 161-182.
  • Malloy, S. Elizabeth Wilborn, “Something Borrowed, Something Blue: Why Disability Law Claims Are Different”, Connecticut Law Review (Vol. 33:603 2001), ss. 603-666.
  • Miller, Stephanie Proctor, “Keeping The Promise: The ADA and Employment Discrimination on the Basis of Psychiatric Disability”, California Law Review (Vol.85:701 1997), ss. 701-747.
  • Naef, Andrea Kloehn, “Toyota Motor Manufacturing v. Williams: A Case of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Weakens the Grip of the Americans with Disabilities Act”, Pepperdine Law Review (Vol. 31:575,2004), ss. 575-608.
  • O’Hara, Milena D., ““Please Weight To Be Seated”: Recognizing Obesity As A Disability To Prevent Discrimination In Public Accommodations”, Whittier Law Review (Vol. 17 1996), ss. 895-954.
  • Okur, Nejla, Özürlülere Yönelik Örgütlenmenin İncelenmesi, T.C. Başbakanlık Özürlüler İdaresi Başkanlığı Yayınları/15, Aralık 2001, Ankara.
  • Panol, Zenaida Sarabia - Michael McBride, “Basılı Yayınlarda Özürlülük İmajı: Tutumun Etkileri Hakkında İnceleme”, Çeviren Betül Yalçın, ÖZ-VERİ Dergisi, Eylül 2004, C. 1, S. 1, ss. 111-128.
  • Perlin, Michael L., “Their Promises Of Paradise: Will Olmstead V. L.C. Resuscitate The Constitutional “Least Restrictive Alternative” Principle In Mental Disability Law?”, Houston Law Review (37:999 2000), ss. 999-1054.
  • Regulations To Implement The Equal Employment Provisions Of The Americans With Disabilities Act – Part 1630.
  • Rosenthal, Lawrence D., “Can’t Stomach The Americans With Disabilities Act? How The Federal Courts Have Gutted Disability Discrimination Legislation In Cases Involving Individuals With Gastrointestinal Disorders And Other Hidden Ilnesses”, Catholic University Law Review (Vol. 53:449 2004), ss. 449-498.
  • Rothstein, Laura F., “Teaching Disability Law”, Journal of Legal Education, Volume 48, Number 2, (June 1998), ss. 297-309.
  • Stone, Donald H., “Handicap Law”, University of Richmond Law Review (Vol. 22:637 1988), ss. 637-665.
  • Taussig, William C. , “Weighing In Against Obesity Discrimination: Cook v. Rhode Island, Department of Mental Health, Retardation, And Hospitals And The Recognition Of Obesity As A Disability Under The Rehabilitation Act And The Americans With Disabilities Act”, Boston College Law Review (Vol.35:927 July 1994), ss. 927-963.
  • Uşan, M. Fatih, İş Hukuku’nda Sakat İstihdamı, Türkiye Sağlık İşçileri Sendikası Yayını 1999.
  • Weber, Mark C., “Reciprocal Lessons Of The ADA And European Disability Law”, ASIL Proceedings 1999, Am Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. , ss. 338-341.
  • Wenbourne, Nick, “Disabled Meanings: A Comparison of the Definitions of “Disability” in the British Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 and the American with Disabilities Act of 1990”, Hastings Int’l & Comp. L. Rev. (Vol.23:149 1999), ss. 149-172.
  • Zames, Doris – Fleischer and Frieda Zames, The Disability Rights Movement, From Charity to Confrontation, Temple University Pres 2001, Philadelphia.
  • Zioze, Dean G., “Employment Law-Morbid Obesity Considered Perceived Disability Under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act-Cook v. Rhode İsland,10 F.3d 17 (1st Cir. 1993), Suffolk University Law Review (Vol. XXVIII:823 1994), ss. 823-832.
  • http://www.obesityresearch.org/cgi/content/full/9/12/788#B132 (15.01.2006).

An Analysis About Disability Definition in The United States of America

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 57 Sayı: 2, 51 - 62, 01.06.2008
https://doi.org/10.1501/Hukfak_0000000276

Öz

In the United States of America, the Americans with Disabilities Act is an important act for disabled people and this Act has very useful practices for the accommodation of disability. Disability is defined very concisely and clearly in American law. The ADA also protects individuals who have had impairment/disability in the past and individuals who have been treated as if they were disabled although they are not disabled. In our law system, the term disability is defined by many acts in different ways. Disability terms which are defined by the “Disableds Act” and in the “Bylaw of Disability Measure, Classification and Health Commission Report Which Will Be Given to Disableds” do not cover people who are treated like disabled although they are not disabled

Kaynakça

  • Befort, Stephen F. - Holly Lindquist Thomas, “The ADA in Turmoil: Judicial Dissonance, the Supreme Court’s Response, and the Future of Disability Discrimination Law”, Oregon Law Review (Vol. 78,1999), ss. 27-104.
  • Bernstein, Josh, “The Efforts of Texas Courts to Disable Disability Law in Texas”, Texas Forum on Civil Liberties & Civil Rights (Vol. 2:43 1995), ss. 43-68.
  • Blanck, Peter-Ann Wilichowski-James Schmeling, “Disability Civil Rights Law and Policy: Accessible Courtroom Technology”, William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal (Vol 12:825 2004), ss. 825-842.
  • Bowe, Frank G., Physical, Sensory and Health Disabilities, An Introduction, Hofstra University, New Jersey, 2000.
  • Chodak, Robin, “Recent Decisions-Civil Rights-Handicap Discrimination Law, Pennsylvania Excludes Obesity From Protection Under The Pennsylvania Human Relations Act- Civil Service Commission v. Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission, 591 A.2d 281 (Pa. 1991)”, Temple Law Review (Vol. 65 1992), ss. 623-644.
  • Chorpening, Jennifer, “Genetic Disability: A Modest Proposal To Modify The ADA To Protect Against Some Forms Of Genetic Discrimination”, North Carolina Law Review (Vol. 82 2004), ss. 1441-1481.
  • Christoffel, Tom, Health and the Law, A Handbook for Health Professionals, 1985.
  • Gilbert, Justin S., “Prior History, Present Discrimination, and the ADA’s “Record of” Disability”, The University of Memphis Law Review (Vol. 31 2001), ss. 659-676.
  • Harris, Lynn J., “The Americans With Disabilities Act And Australia’s Disability Discrimination Act: Overcoming The Inadequacies”, Loy. L. A. Int’l & Comp. L. Rev (Vol.22:51 1999), ss. 51-98.
  • Kearney, Deborah, Reasonable Accommodations, Job Descriptions in the Age of ADA, OSHA, and Workers’ Comp, 1994.
  • Kramer, Karen M.-Arlene B. Mayerson, “Obesity Discrimination In The Workplace: Protection Through A Perceived Disability Claim Under The Rehabilitation Act And The Americans With Disabilities Act”, California Western Law Reivew (Vol. 31 1994), ss. 41-72.
  • Limas, Vicki J., “Significiant Employment Law Decisions In The 1997-98 Term: A Clarification of Sexual Harassment Law And A Broad Definition Of Disability”, Tulsa Law Journal (Vol. 34:307 1999), ss. 307-328.
  • Long, Alex, “State Anti-Discrimination Law As A Model For Amending The Americans With Disabilities Act”, University of Pittsburgh Law Review (Vol. 65:597 2004), ss. 597-654.
  • Lynch, Andrew, “Is obesity a disability – actual or perceived – under the Disability Discrimination Act 1992?”, Deakin Law Review, 1996, ss. 161-182.
  • Malloy, S. Elizabeth Wilborn, “Something Borrowed, Something Blue: Why Disability Law Claims Are Different”, Connecticut Law Review (Vol. 33:603 2001), ss. 603-666.
  • Miller, Stephanie Proctor, “Keeping The Promise: The ADA and Employment Discrimination on the Basis of Psychiatric Disability”, California Law Review (Vol.85:701 1997), ss. 701-747.
  • Naef, Andrea Kloehn, “Toyota Motor Manufacturing v. Williams: A Case of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Weakens the Grip of the Americans with Disabilities Act”, Pepperdine Law Review (Vol. 31:575,2004), ss. 575-608.
  • O’Hara, Milena D., ““Please Weight To Be Seated”: Recognizing Obesity As A Disability To Prevent Discrimination In Public Accommodations”, Whittier Law Review (Vol. 17 1996), ss. 895-954.
  • Okur, Nejla, Özürlülere Yönelik Örgütlenmenin İncelenmesi, T.C. Başbakanlık Özürlüler İdaresi Başkanlığı Yayınları/15, Aralık 2001, Ankara.
  • Panol, Zenaida Sarabia - Michael McBride, “Basılı Yayınlarda Özürlülük İmajı: Tutumun Etkileri Hakkında İnceleme”, Çeviren Betül Yalçın, ÖZ-VERİ Dergisi, Eylül 2004, C. 1, S. 1, ss. 111-128.
  • Perlin, Michael L., “Their Promises Of Paradise: Will Olmstead V. L.C. Resuscitate The Constitutional “Least Restrictive Alternative” Principle In Mental Disability Law?”, Houston Law Review (37:999 2000), ss. 999-1054.
  • Regulations To Implement The Equal Employment Provisions Of The Americans With Disabilities Act – Part 1630.
  • Rosenthal, Lawrence D., “Can’t Stomach The Americans With Disabilities Act? How The Federal Courts Have Gutted Disability Discrimination Legislation In Cases Involving Individuals With Gastrointestinal Disorders And Other Hidden Ilnesses”, Catholic University Law Review (Vol. 53:449 2004), ss. 449-498.
  • Rothstein, Laura F., “Teaching Disability Law”, Journal of Legal Education, Volume 48, Number 2, (June 1998), ss. 297-309.
  • Stone, Donald H., “Handicap Law”, University of Richmond Law Review (Vol. 22:637 1988), ss. 637-665.
  • Taussig, William C. , “Weighing In Against Obesity Discrimination: Cook v. Rhode Island, Department of Mental Health, Retardation, And Hospitals And The Recognition Of Obesity As A Disability Under The Rehabilitation Act And The Americans With Disabilities Act”, Boston College Law Review (Vol.35:927 July 1994), ss. 927-963.
  • Uşan, M. Fatih, İş Hukuku’nda Sakat İstihdamı, Türkiye Sağlık İşçileri Sendikası Yayını 1999.
  • Weber, Mark C., “Reciprocal Lessons Of The ADA And European Disability Law”, ASIL Proceedings 1999, Am Soc’y Int’l L. Proc. , ss. 338-341.
  • Wenbourne, Nick, “Disabled Meanings: A Comparison of the Definitions of “Disability” in the British Disability Discrimination Act of 1995 and the American with Disabilities Act of 1990”, Hastings Int’l & Comp. L. Rev. (Vol.23:149 1999), ss. 149-172.
  • Zames, Doris – Fleischer and Frieda Zames, The Disability Rights Movement, From Charity to Confrontation, Temple University Pres 2001, Philadelphia.
  • Zioze, Dean G., “Employment Law-Morbid Obesity Considered Perceived Disability Under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act-Cook v. Rhode İsland,10 F.3d 17 (1st Cir. 1993), Suffolk University Law Review (Vol. XXVIII:823 1994), ss. 823-832.
  • http://www.obesityresearch.org/cgi/content/full/9/12/788#B132 (15.01.2006).
Toplam 32 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA55MU29GG
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Münci N. Çakmak Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2008
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Haziran 2008
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 57 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Çakmak, Münci N. “AMERİKA BİRLEŞİK DEVLETLERİ’NDEKİ ENGELLİ TANIMI HAKKINDA BİR İNCELEME”. Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 57, sy. 2 (Haziran 2008): 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1501/Hukfak_0000000276.
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