A Conceptual Framework for the Constitutıonal Studies on the Basis of the Concept of Political Power

Yıl 2007, Cilt: 56 Sayı: 1, 145 - 168, 01.03.2007

Levent Gönenç

https://doi.org/10.1501/Hukfak_0000000340

Cited By: 6

Öz

Klasik anayasa hukukunda devlet-temelli bir yaklaşım benimsenir. Biz bu makalede, ―devlet‖ kavramını değil, (siyasi) iktidar kavramını referans olarak alacağız. Kuşkusuz ―siyasi iktidar‖ kavramına yaptığımız bu vurgu, klasik anayasa hukuku çalışmalarında ―siyasi iktidar‖ kavramının tamamen ihmal edildiği anlamına gelmemektedir. Klasik anayasa hukuku literatüründe de, siyasi iktidar kavramına yer veren çalışmalara rastlanmaktadır, ancak bu çalışmaların hiç birinde, siyasi iktidar kavramsal bir çerçevenin kurucu unsuru olarak ele alınmamaktadır. Bizim bu makalede ortaya koymaya çalışacağımız çözümleme esas olarak bu noktada klasik anayasa hukuku çalışmalarından ayrılmaktadır. Bizim burada temel amacımız, siyasi iktidar kavramından yola çıkarak, anayasa hukuku sorunlarını kapsayıcı bir bakış açısıyla anlamamıza / anlatmamıza yardımcı olabilecek bir anayasa tanımına ulaşmaktır. Böylece; hem klasik anayasa hukuku tarafından incelenen konuları farklı bir açıdan değerlendirmemize hizmet edecek, hem de anayasa çalışmaları için yeni alanlara kapı açacak bir yaklaşımın ilk verileri ortaya konabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Klasik anayasa hukuku, siyasi iktidar, anayasa tanımı, kurucu iktidar

A Conceptual Framework for the Constitutıonal Studies on the Basis of the Concept of Political Power

Öz

A state-centric approach has been employed in the classical constitutional law studies. We, in this essay, take the concept of ―political power‖, instead of the ―state‖, as our reference point. Undoubtedly, such emphasis on the concept of political power does not mean that this concepts has been totally ignored in classical constitutional law studies. We could still find many invaluable works in the classical literature referring to political power, however the latter was not treated as a building block of a conceptual framework in none of these. The proposed approach in this essay is different from the classical state-centric approach at this point. Our main goal is, by relying on the concept of political power, to give a definition of the constitution, which would allow us to analyze the contemporary problems in the field of constitutional law in a comprehensive manner. Thus on the one hand we may evaluate the topics covered by the classical constitutional law studies from a different perspective; on the other hand we may preliminarily introduce the elements of an approach, which would open door to new studies

Anahtar Kelimeler

Classical constitutional law studies, political power, definition of the constitution, constituent power

Kaynakça

• Ackerman, Bruce, We The People: Foundations, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1991.
• Arendt, Hannah, On Revolution, Penguin, Londra ve New York, 1963.
• Arendt, Hannah, On Violence, Harcourt, Brace & World, New York, 1970. Atar, Yavuz, Demokrasilerde Dinamikleri ve Anayasa Yapımı, Mimoza Yayınevi, Konya, 2000. Değişmenin
• Baas, Larry R., ―The Interpersonal Sources of Meaning of a Secondary Symbol,‖ American Journal of Political Science, C. 23, S. 1, 1979, ss. 101- 120. as Symbol: The
• Balakrishnan, Gopal, The Enemy: An Intellectual Portrait of Carl Schmitt, Verso, London, 2000.
• Barshack, Lior, ―Constituent Power As Body: Outline of a Constitutional Theology,‖ University of Toronto Law Journal, C. 56, 2006, ss. 185- 222
• Corwin, Edward, The Constitution as Instrument and Symbol, American Political Science Review, C. 30, 1936, ss.1071-1085.
• Duchacek, Ivo D., ―National Politics, C. 1, 1968, ss. 91-102. Comparative
• Duchacek, Ivo D., Power Maps: Comparative Politics of Constitutions, ABC-Clio, Santa Barbara, 1973a.
• Duchacek, Ivo D., Rights and Liberties in the World Today, Constitutional Promise and Reality, ABC- Clio, Santa Barbara, 1973b.
• Duchacek, Ivo D., ―Constitution/Constitutionalism‖, Blackwell Encyclopedia of Political Science içinde, (Der.: Vernon Bogdanor), Macmillan, Londra, 1991. The
• Dyzenhaus, David, Hard Cases in Wicked Legal Systems: South African Law in the Perspective of Legal Philosophy, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1991.
• Easton, David, The Routledge, NewYork, 1990. Structure,
• Elklit, Jorgen ve Palle Svensson, ―What Makes Elections Free and Fair?,‖ Journal of Democracy, C. 8, S. 3, 1997, ss. 32-46
• Finer, S. E., Vernon Bogdanor ve
• Bernard Rudden (Der.), Comparing University Press, Oxford, 1995. Oxford
• Friedrich, Carl J. ve
• Zbigniew K. Brzezinski, Totalitarian Dictatorship and Autocracy, Praeger Publishers, New York, 1969.
• Friedrich, Carl J., Constitutional Democracy; Theory and Practice in Europe and America, 4. Baskı, Blaisdell, Waltham, 1968. and
• Goehler, Gerhard, ―Constitution and Use of Power,‖ Power in Contemporary Politics: Theories, Practices, Globalizations içinde, Der.: Henri J. M. Goverde, Philip G. Cerny, Mark Haugaard ve Howard H. Lentner, Londra, 2000.
• Gordon, Scott, Controlling the State: Constitutionalism From Ancient Athens to Today, Harvard University Pres, Cambridge, 1999.
• Gönenç, Levent, "Meşruiyet Meşruiyeti Problemi," Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, C. 50, S.1, 2001, s. 131-152. cs/makaleler/mesruiyet.pdf> Anayasaların Dijital versiyon için bkz.:
• Gönenç, Levent, Prospects for Constitutionalism in Post- Communist International, The Hague, London, New York, 2002. Kluwer Law
• Gözler, Kemal, Kurucu İktidar, Ekin Kitabevi Yayınları, Bursa, 1998.
• Gözler, Kemal, Anayasa Hukukunun Metodolojisi, Ekin Kitabevi Yayınları, Bursa, 1999.
• Gözler, Kemal, Devletin Genel Teorisi, Ekin Kitabevi Yayınları, Bursa, 2007.
• Habermas, Jürgen, Between Facts and Norms, Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, Çev.: William Rehg, MIT Press, Cambridge, 1998.
• Hawley, Amos H., ―Community Power and Urban Renewal Success‖ The American Journal of Sociology, C. 68, S. 4, 1963, ss. 422-431. Held, David, ―Law of States, Law of Peoples: Three Models of Sovereignty,‖ Legal Theory, C. 8, 2002, ss. 1–44.
• Jakab, András, ―Neutralizing the Sovereignty Question‖, European Constitutional Law Review, C. 2, 2006, ss. 375–397.
• Kalyvas, Andreas, ―Popular Sovereignty, Democracy, and the Constituent Power‖, Constellations, C. 12, S. 2, 2005.
• Kapani, Münci, Politika Bilimine Giriş, 4.Basım, Ankara, 1988. Kelsen, Hans, Pure Theory of Law, (Çev.: Max Knight), University of California Press, Berkeley, 1967.
• King, Preston T., The Ideology of Order; A Comparative Analysis of Jean Bodin and Thomas Hobbes, Barnes & Noble, New York, 1974.
• Kubalı, Hüseyin Nail, Anayasa Hukuku Dersleri, Genel Esaslar ve Siyasi Rejimler, İstanbul Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 1971.
• Lane, Jan-Erik, Constitutions Manchester University Press, Manchester, 1996. Political Theory,
• Leibholz, Gerhard, ―Constitutional Law and Constitutional Reality‖ Festschrift für Karl Lowenstein içinde, (Der.: Henry Steele Commager), J.C.B. Mohr, Tübingen, 1971. Lerner, Max, ―Constitution and Court as Symbols,” Yale Law Journal, C. 46, 1937, ss. 1290-1319.
• Maritain, Jacques, “The Concept of Sovereignty‖, The American Political Science Review, C. 44, S. 2. 1950, ss. 343-357.
• McCormick, John P., Carl Schmitt's Critique of Liberalism, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997.
• McIlwain, Charles Howard, Constitutionalism, Ancient and Modern, Cornell University Press, Ithaca/New York, 1947.
• Negri, Antonio, Insurgencies: Constituent Power and the Modern State, (Çev.: Maurizia Boscagli), University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1999. Olsen, Marvin E. ve
• Martin Marger, ―Power in Social Organization,‖ Power in Modern Societies içinde, Der.: Marvin E. Olsen ve Martin Marger, Boulder, 1993.
• Özbudun, Ergun, Demokrasiye Geçiş Sürecinde Anayasa Yapımı, Bilgi Yayınevi, Ankara, 1993.
• Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel, Wittgenstein Significance of Ludwig Wittgenstein for Social and Political Thought, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1972. On the
• Prewitt, Kenneth ve Sidney Verba, An Introduction to American Government, 4. Baskı, Harper & Row Publishers, New York, 1983.
• Preuss, Ulrich K., ―Constitutional Power-Making for the New Polity: Some Deliberation of the Relation Between Constitution,‖ Cardozo Law Review, C. 14, 1993, ss. 639-660. Power and the
• Robinson, James A., ―Newtonianism Midwest Journal of Political Science, C. 1, S. ¾, 1957, ss. 252-266. the Constitution,‖
• Rytina, Steven L., ―Social Sociology içinde, 2. Baskı, (Der.: Edgar F. Borgatta ve Rhonda J. V. Montgomery), Macmillan, New York, 2000, ss. 2822-28). of
• Schaar, John H., ―Reflections on Authority,‖ New American Review, C. 8, 1970, ss. 44-80.
• Seitzer, Jeffrey, Comparative History and Legal Theory: Carl Schmitt in the First German Democracy, Westport, Greenwood Press, 2001.
• Sieyes, Emmanuel Joseph, What Is the Third Estate?, Pall Mall, Londra, 1963.
• Tamanaha, Brian Z., On The Rule of Law; History, Politics, Theory, Cambridge, 2004. University Press,
• Whitehead, Laurance, ―Comparative Studies,‖ A New Handbook of Political Science, (Der.: Robert E Goodin ve Hans- Dieter Klingemann), Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1996. Democratization
• Wolin, Sheldon S., ―Collective Identity and Constitutional Power,‖ The Presence of the Past içinde, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1989.