Araştırma Makalesi

Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)

Cilt: 66 Sayı: 2 30 Kasım 2025
PDF İndir
EN TR

Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)

Öz

This study explores the deliberate exclusion of fiqh from history of law and Turkish legal history courses during the early Turkish Republic (1925–1932), a pivotal period marked by the sweeping legal reforms of the Kemalist regime. It examines how these courses, taught at Ankara Law School and Dār al-Funūn Faculty of Law, were wielded as ideological instruments to forge a secular-nationalist Turkish identity and legitimize the adoption of Western legal frameworks. Through a meticulous analysis of the lecture notes from four influential legal historians—Sadri Maksudi Arsal, Şevket Memedali Bilgişin, Yusuf Ziya Özer, and Ahmet Ağaoğlu—the research uncovers a unified narrative that extolled pre-Islamic Turkish law as advanced and supreme, and secular Western law as the pinnacle of civilization, while simultaneously portraying fiqh as an alien, rigid, and underdeveloped system that impeded Turkish progress and thus justified its exclusion from the legal sphere. The study further reveals the legal historians’ use of anachronistic and Orientalist tropes, paradoxically rejecting Western racial biases about Turkish history while echoing derogatory views of Islam and fiqh. The findings highlight the tension between secular governance and religious tradition, offering insights into the role of historiography in state-driven secularization. By illuminating this intersection of nationalism, secularism, and historiography, the research offers a nuanced understanding of how legal education was harnessed to anchor the Kemalist reforms, redefining Turkey’s historical and legal identity in the process of modernization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Yasin Yılmaz for his invaluable support throughout the writing of this article. I am also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions.

Kaynakça

  1. Ağaoğlu, Ahmet. Hukuk Tarihi. Istanbul: Kurtuluş Matbaası, 1931.
  2. Ağaoğlu, Ahmet. Hukuk-i Esasiye. Ankara: TBMM Library, 1925.
  3. Ağaoğlu, Ahmet. Üç Medeniyet. Istanbul: Türk Ocakları Hars Heyeti, 1927.
  4. Akgündüz, Ahmet. Islamic Private Law. Rotterdam: IUR Press, 2017.
  5. Akman, Ahmet. 1917 Tarihli Usul–i Muhakeme–i Şer'iyye Kararnamesi Çerçevesinde Tanzimat Sonrası Osmanlı Adliye Teşkilatı ve Yargılama Usulü. Ankara: Yetkin, 2022.
  6. Akman, Şefik Taylan. “Türk Tarih Tezi Bağlamında Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi Resmi Tarih Yazımının İdeolojik ve Politik Karakteri.” Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1:1 (2011): 80-109.
  7. Akturk, Ahmet Serdar. “Arabs in Kemalist Turkish Historiography.” Middle Eastern Studies 46:5 (2010): 633-53.
  8. Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London-New York: Verso, 2006.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İslam Hukuku

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Kasım 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Haziran 2025

Kabul Tarihi

19 Kasım 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 66 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kütükcü, T. (2025). Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932). Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 66(2), 767-808. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1720192
AMA
1.Kütükcü T. Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932). AÜİFD. 2025;66(2):767-808. doi:10.33227/auifd.1720192
Chicago
Kütükcü, Tuğrul. 2025. “Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 66 (2): 767-808. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1720192.
EndNote
Kütükcü T (01 Kasım 2025) Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932). Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 66 2 767–808.
IEEE
[1]T. Kütükcü, “Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)”, AÜİFD, c. 66, sy 2, ss. 767–808, Kas. 2025, doi: 10.33227/auifd.1720192.
ISNAD
Kütükcü, Tuğrul. “Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 66/2 (01 Kasım 2025): 767-808. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1720192.
JAMA
1.Kütükcü T. Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932). AÜİFD. 2025;66:767–808.
MLA
Kütükcü, Tuğrul. “Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932)”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 66, sy 2, Kasım 2025, ss. 767-08, doi:10.33227/auifd.1720192.
Vancouver
1.Tuğrul Kütükcü. Excluding Fiqh from Turkish History: A Quest for Legal Legitimacy through the History of Law Courses in the Early Turkish Republic (1925-1932). AÜİFD. 01 Kasım 2025;66(2):767-808. doi:10.33227/auifd.1720192

Creative Commons Lisansı
Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.