Araştırma Makalesi

Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers

Cilt: 67 Sayı: 1 31 Mayıs 2026
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Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers

Öz

This study aims to systematically examine the operating conditions of 16th-century Ottoman cash waqfs through waqfīyas documents and to interpret the data obtained on the conditions under which money was operated in these institutions in light of the social and economic conditions of the period. The main problem of the research is how the operational conditions of cash waqfs were structured and how these conditions were related to the dynamics of the period. The study tests the hypothesis that the operating conditions of cash waqfs were shaped both within the framework of Islamic law and in accordance with the pragmatic economic needs of the period. Methodologically, a detailed analysis of 16th-century records, many of which have not been systematically examined on the subject of cash waqfs before, has been carried out. Within this scope, a total of 35 registers from different cities such as Bursa, Trabzon, Antep, Aleppo, and Konya, as well as areas surrounding Istanbul such as Üsküdar, Beşiktaş, Galata, Balat, Eyüp, and Tophane, were examined without geographical restrictions. As a result of the research, 97 monetary foundation deeds were identified and analyzed comparatively. This source-centered approach aims to discover empirical data rather than imposing predetermined analytical categories on historical evidence. The research results show that there are significant differences in the geographical distribution of monetary foundations. It was found that profit rates were set at 10% in most of the waqfīyas, none exceeded 15%, and none fell below 10%. Approximately half of the waqfīyas did not include any collateral conditions such as pledges or guarantees. The study highlights the difference between legal legitimacy and social acceptance by revealing that the expected increase in the number of cash waqfs established in some regions after the ban on cash waqfs was lifted in 1548 did not occur, and that a decrease was even observed in some regions. A comparison of the results obtained with other studies in the literature clearly demonstrates the original contribution of this research to the literature on monetary foundations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Adıgüzel, Fatih Serkant and Kuran, Timur. “Keeping while Giving: The Perpetuation of Inequalities through Private Islamic Waqfs.” Economic Research Initiatives at Duke (ERID) Working Paper No. 305 August 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3836060
  2. Ajghif, Mohammad. "6 Numaralı (H. 995-999) Halep Şer'iyye Sicili'nin Değerlendirilmesi (S. 1-100)." MA thesis, Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, Kilis, 2013.
  3. Akça, Sümeyye. "Üsküdar Kadılığı 23 Nolu ve H. 968-970 Tarihli Sicilinin Diplomatik Yönden İncelenmesi: Metin ve İnceleme." MA thesis, Marmara Üniversitesi, İstanbul, 2005.
  4. Akgündüz, Ahmet. İslam Hukukunda ve Osmanlı Tatbikatında Vakıf Müessesesi. İstanbul: Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı, 1996.
  5. Akgündüz, Ahmet. Osmanlı Kanunnameleri ve Hukukî Tahlilleri. İstanbul: Fey Vakfı, 1990.
  6. Altay, Bora and Mehmet Bulut. "Vakfiyeler Işığında Osmanlı Makedonyası'nda Bulunan Para Vakıflarının Sosyo-Ekonomik Analizi, 1506-1912." Adam Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 7:2 (2017): 399-426.
  7. Altundaş, Zülküf Furkan. "8 Numaralı Ayntâb Şer'iyye Sicili'nin Transkripsiyonu ve Değerlendirmesi (S.100-200) (H.997-998 / M.1589-1590)." MA thesis, Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, Kilis, 2017.
  8. Arslan, Ibrahim. "166 Numaralı (H.980/M.1572/1573) Ayntab Şer'iyye Sicili'nin Transkripsiyonu ve Değerlendirmesi." MA thesis, Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi, Kilis, 2012.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

İslam Tarihi ve Medeniyeti, İslam Hukuku

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Mayıs 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

12 Temmuz 2025

Kabul Tarihi

21 Nisan 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 67 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Deniz, B. (2026). Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 67(1), 125-144. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1740727
AMA
1.Deniz B. Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers. AÜİFD. 2026;67(1):125-144. doi:10.33227/auifd.1740727
Chicago
Deniz, Birnur. 2026. “Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 67 (1): 125-44. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1740727.
EndNote
Deniz B (01 Mayıs 2026) Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 67 1 125–144.
IEEE
[1]B. Deniz, “Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers”, AÜİFD, c. 67, sy 1, ss. 125–144, May. 2026, doi: 10.33227/auifd.1740727.
ISNAD
Deniz, Birnur. “Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 67/1 (01 Mayıs 2026): 125-144. https://doi.org/10.33227/auifd.1740727.
JAMA
1.Deniz B. Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers. AÜİFD. 2026;67:125–144.
MLA
Deniz, Birnur. “Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 67, sy 1, Mayıs 2026, ss. 125-44, doi:10.33227/auifd.1740727.
Vancouver
1.Birnur Deniz. Operational Conditions of Cash Waqfs: An Analysis of 16th-Century Ottoman Court Registers. AÜİFD. 01 Mayıs 2026;67(1):125-44. doi:10.33227/auifd.1740727

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