BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Endless Manifestation and Perpetual Creation: Ibn Arabī’s and Ibn Taymiyya’s View of Creation as an Eternal Act

Yıl 2016, , 69 - 96, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001453

Öz

Endless Manifestation and Perpetual Creation: Ibn Arabī’s and Ibn Taymiyya’s View of Creation as an Eternal Act Creation or becoming as a philosophical and theological problem has always been one of the main controversial issues of philosophers and theologians. It is sometimes defended that creation is an instant act or event; sometimes it is thought that creation is a process without a beginning. In this article, the approaches of Ibn Arabī and Ibn Taymiyya to the issue of creation are examined and compared. These two scholars mainly advocate that it is not possible for creation to begin at a certain time as an instant event. According to them, while nothing material can be co-eternal with God, He has always been creating and manifesting from eternity because of His perfection. This study argues that when this issue is taken in its various aspects, it will be seen that Ibn Arabī and Ibn Taymiyya stand together about the issue against both philosophers and theologians

Kaynakça

  • Abrahamov, Binyamin. “Al-Ghazālī’s Theory of Causality,” Studia Islamica 67 (1988), ss.75-98.
  • Acar, Rahim. “Intellect versus Active Intellect: Plotinus and Avicenna,” I. R. Netton (ed), Islamic Philosophy and Theology: Critical Concepts in Islamic Thought (London: Routledge, 2007) içinde, ss.91-106.
  • Addas, Claude. Quest for the Red Sulphur: The Life of Ibn Arabī. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 1993.
  • Ademollo, Francesco. The Cratylus of Plato: A Commentary. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
  • Afīfī, Ebū’l- Alā. Muhyiddîn İbnu’l-Arabî’nin Tasavvuf Felsefesi. Terc. M. Dağ, Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, 1975.
  • Akkach, Samer. “The World of Imagination in Ibn Arabī’s Ontology,” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 24:1 (1997), ss.97-113
  • Algra, Keimple. “The Beginnings of Cosmology,” A. A. Long (ed), The Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999) içinde, ss.45-65.
  • el-Ālūsī, Ḥusām Muḥyīddīn. The Problem of Creation in Islamic Thought: Qur’an, Hadith, Commentaries, and Kalam. Baghdad: National Printing and Publishing Co., 1968.
  • Ansari, Muhammad Abdul-Haqq. Ibn Taymiyyah Expounds on Islam: Selected Writings of Shaykh al-Islam Taqi ad-Din Ibn Taymiyyah on Islamic Faith, Life, and Society. Riyad: General Administration of Culture and Publication, 2000.
  • Aristoteles. Metaphysics. İng. terc. W. D. Ross, Indiana: Infomotions, 2001.
  • ---------. Physics. Terc. R. P. Hardie and R. K. Gaye, Indiana: Infomotions, 2001.
  • Ateş, Süleyman. “Hazarât-ı Hams,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c.17, ss.115-116.
  • Aydın, Mehmet S. “Süreç (Proses) Felsefesi Işığında Tanrı-Âlem İlişkisi,” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 27:1 (1986), ss.31-87
  • Barnes, Jonathan. The Presocratic Philosophers. London: Routledge, 1982.
  • Bertolacci, Amos. “The Distinction of Essence and Existence in Avicenna’s Metaphysics: The Text and Its Context,” F. Opwis ve D. Reisman (ed.), Islamic Philosophy, Science, Culture, and Religion: Studies in Honor of Dimitri Gutas (Leiden: Brill, 2012) içinde, ss.257-288.
  • Çağrıcı, Mustafa. “İbn Teymiyye’nin Bakışıyla Gazzâlî-İbn Rüşd Tartışması,” İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi 9 (1995), ss.77-126
  • Chittick, William C. The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn al- Arabī’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.
  • ---------. Imaginal Worlds: Ibn al- Arabī and the Problem of Religious Diversity. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.
  • ---------. “Ibn Arabī and His School,” S. H. Nasr (ed.), Islamic Spirituality: Manifestations (New York: The Crossroad Publishing Company, 1997) içinde, ss.49-79.
  • ---------. The Self-Disclosure of God: Principles of Ibn al- Arabī’s Cosmology. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998.
  • ---------. Ibn Arabī: Heir to the Prophets. Oxford: Oneworld, 2005.
  • Chodkiewicz, Michel. Seal of the Saints: Prophethood and Sainthood in the Doctrine of Ibn Arabī. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 1993.
  • Coates, Peter. Ibn Arabī and Modern Thought: The History of Taking Metaphysics Seriously. Oxford: Anqa Publication, 2002.
  • Corbin, Henry. Alone with the Alone: Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn Arabī. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.
  • Davidson, Herbert A. Proofs for Eternity, Creation, and the Existence of God in Medieval Islamic and Jewish Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
  • Dombrowski, Daniel. A Platonic Philosophy of Religion. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005.
  • Durusoy, Ali. “İbn Sînâ: Felsefesi,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c.20, ss.322-331.
  • Echer, Abdulḥakīm. İbn Teymiyye ve İsti nāfu’l-Ḳavli’l-Felsefī fī’l-İslām. Ed- Dār’ul-Beyḍā : el-Merkezu’s̱-S̱eḳāfiyyi’l- Arabī, 2004.
  • ---------. Su ālu’l- Ālem: eş-Şeyḫān İbn Arabī ve İbn Teymiyye min Fikri’l-Vaḥde ilā Fikri’l-İḫtilāf. Ed-Dār’ul-Beyḍā : el-Merkezu’s̱-S̱eḳāfiyyi’l- Arabī, 2011.
  • Ehrhardt, Arnold. The Beginning: A Study in the Greek Philosophical Approach to the Concept of Creation from Anaximander to St John. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1968.
  • el-İazzālī, Ebū Ḥāmid. Mişkātu’l-Envār. Abdul azīz Īzzuddīn. Beyrut: Ālemu’l- Kutub, 1986.
  • ---------. Tehāfutu’l-Felāsife. Tah. Suleymān Dunyā. Kahire: Dāru’l-Ma ārif, 1980.
  • ---------. Kitābu’l-Erba īn fī Uṣūli’d-Dīn. Abdullāh Abdulḥamīd Urvānī. Şam: Dāru’l-Ḳalem, 2003.
  • Griffel, Frank. Al-Ghazali’s Philosophical Theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
  • Hallaq, Wael B. Ibn Taymiyya Against the Greek Logicians. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.
  • Hirtenstein, Stephen. The Unlimited Mercifier: The Spiritual Life and Thought of Ibn Arabī. Oxford: Anqa Publishing, 1999.
  • Hoover, Jon. “Perpetual Creativity in the Perfection of God: Ibn Taymiyya’s Hadith Commentary on God’s Creation of This World,” Journal of Islamic Studies 15:3 (2004), ss.287-329
  • ---------. Ibn Taymiyya’s Theodicy of Perpetual Optimism. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
  • ---------. “God Acts by His Will and Power: Ibn Taymiyya’s Theology of a Personal God in his Treatise on the Voluntary Attributes,” Y. Rapoport ve S. Ahmed (ed.), Ibn Taymiyya and His Times (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2010) içinde, ss.55-77.
  • İbn Arabī, Muḥyīddīn. el-Futūḥātu’l-Mekkiyye. Kahire. 1911.
  • ---------. “ Uḳletu’l-Mustevfiz,” H. S. Nyberg (ed.), Kleinere Schriften des Ibn al Arabī (Leiden: Brill, 1919) içinde, ss.41-99.
  • ---------. Fuṣūṣu’l-Ḥikem. Tah. Ebū’l- Alā Afīfī. Beyrut: Dāru’l-Kitābi’l- Arabī, 1966.
  • ---------. The Bezels of Wisdom: Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikem. İng. terc. R. W. J. Austin. New York: Paulist Press, 1980.
  • ---------. “Kitābu’l-İsfār an Netā ici’l-Esfār,” Abdulkerīm en-Nemrī (tah.), Rasā ilu İbn Arabī (Beyrut: Dāru’l-Kutubi’l- İlmiyye, 2001) içinde, ss.351-384.
  • İbn Sīnā. Kitābu’n-Necāh fī’l-Ḥikmeti’l-Manṭiḳiyye ve’ṭ-Ṭabī iyye ve’l-İlāhiyye. Tah. Mācid Faḫrī. Beyrut: Dāru’l-Āfāḳi’l-Cedīde, 1985.
  • İbn Teymiyye, Taḳīyyuddīn Aḥmed b. Abdulḥalīm. Der u Te āruḍi’l- Aḳl ve’n-Naḳl. Tah. Muḥammed Raşād Sālim. Riyad: Cāmi atu’l-İmām Muḥammed b. Su ūd, 1979-1983.
  • ---------. İḳtiḍā u’ṣ-Ṣirāṭi’l-Musteḳīm li-Muḫālefeti Aṣḥābi’l-Caḥīm. Tah. Aḥmed Ḥamdī İmām. Cidde: Dāru’l-Medenī, 1986.
  • ---------. Minhācu’s-Sunneti’n-Nebeviyye fī Naḳḍi Kelāmi’ş-Şī a ve’l-Ḳaderiyye. Muḥammed Raşād Sālim. Riyad: Cāmi atu’l-İmām Muḥammed b. Su ūd b. Su ūd el-İslāmiyye, 1986.
  • ---------. Mecmū u Fetāvā Şeyḫi’l-İslām Aḥmed İbn Teymiyye. Abdurraḥmān b. Muḥammed b. Ḳāsim ve Muḥammed b. ʿAbdurraḥmān b. Muḥammed. Medine: Mucemmā u’l-Melik Fehd, 2004.
  • Kılıç, M. Erol. “İbnü’l-Arabī,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c.20, ss.493-516.
  • ---------. Şeyh-i Ekber: İbn Arabî Düşüncesine Giriş. İstanbul: Sufî Kitap, 2011.
  • Kügelgen, Anke von. “The Poison of Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya’s Struggle For and Against Reason,” B. Krawietz ve G. Tamer (ed), Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2013) içinde, ss.253-328.
  • McGinnis, Jon. Avicenna. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • Michot, Yahya. “Ibn Taymiyya’s Commentary on the Creed of al-Ḥallāj,” A. Shihadeh (ed.), Sufism and Theology (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007) içinde, ss.123-136.
  • Mullins, R. T. “Divine Perfection and Creation,” The Heythrop Journal 57:1 (2016), ss.122-134.
  • Muslim b. el-Ḥaccāc. Ṣaḥīḥu Muslim. Tah. Ebū Ṭāhir Zubeyr Alī Ze ī. Riyad: Dāru’s-Selām, 2007.
  • Nasr, S. H. Islamic Philosophy from its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006.
  • Netton, Ian Richard. Muslim Neoplatonists: An Introduction to the Thought of the Brethren of Purity, Ikhwan al-Safa. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1982.
  • ---------. Allah Transcendent: Studies in the Structure and Semiotics of Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Cosmology. New York: Routledge, 1989.
  • Özervarlı, M. Sait. İbn Teymiyye’nin Düşünce Metodolojisi ve Kelâmcılara Eleştirisi. İstanbul: İSAM Yayınları, 2008.
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Sonsuz Tecellî ve Daimî Yaratma: İbn Arabī ve İbn Teymiyye’nin Yaratma Meselesine Ezelî Fiil Olarak Bakışları

Yıl 2016, , 69 - 96, 01.08.2016
https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001453

Öz

Yaratma veya var oluş, felsefî ve teolojik bir mesele olarak daima kelamcıların ve filozofların ana tartışma konularından birisi olmuştur. Bazen yaratmanın anlık bir fiil veya olay olarak gerçekleştiği savunulmuş, bazen de bunun ezelden başlayan bir süreç olduğu ve başlangıcının olmadığı düşünülmüştür. Bu makalede, söz konusu meselede göze çarpan açıklamalarıyla bilinen İbn Arabī ve İbn Teymiyye’nin yaklaşımları incelenmekte ve mukayese edilmektedir. Bu iki düşünür, temelde yaratmanın anlık bir olay olarak belli bir zamanda başlamasının mümkün olmadığını savunmaktadır. Onlara göre, hiçbir madde Allah ile beraber kadîm olamazken Allah, kemâlâtı gereği daima yaratma ve tecellî halindedir. Bu çalışma, meseleyi çeşitli yönleriyle ele aldığımızda İbn Arabī ve İbn Teymiyye’nin kelamcılar ve filozoflar karşısında ortak bir tavır sergilediklerini savunmaktadır

Kaynakça

  • Abrahamov, Binyamin. “Al-Ghazālī’s Theory of Causality,” Studia Islamica 67 (1988), ss.75-98.
  • Acar, Rahim. “Intellect versus Active Intellect: Plotinus and Avicenna,” I. R. Netton (ed), Islamic Philosophy and Theology: Critical Concepts in Islamic Thought (London: Routledge, 2007) içinde, ss.91-106.
  • Addas, Claude. Quest for the Red Sulphur: The Life of Ibn Arabī. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 1993.
  • Ademollo, Francesco. The Cratylus of Plato: A Commentary. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
  • Afīfī, Ebū’l- Alā. Muhyiddîn İbnu’l-Arabî’nin Tasavvuf Felsefesi. Terc. M. Dağ, Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, 1975.
  • Akkach, Samer. “The World of Imagination in Ibn Arabī’s Ontology,” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 24:1 (1997), ss.97-113
  • Algra, Keimple. “The Beginnings of Cosmology,” A. A. Long (ed), The Cambridge Companion to Early Greek Philosophy (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999) içinde, ss.45-65.
  • el-Ālūsī, Ḥusām Muḥyīddīn. The Problem of Creation in Islamic Thought: Qur’an, Hadith, Commentaries, and Kalam. Baghdad: National Printing and Publishing Co., 1968.
  • Ansari, Muhammad Abdul-Haqq. Ibn Taymiyyah Expounds on Islam: Selected Writings of Shaykh al-Islam Taqi ad-Din Ibn Taymiyyah on Islamic Faith, Life, and Society. Riyad: General Administration of Culture and Publication, 2000.
  • Aristoteles. Metaphysics. İng. terc. W. D. Ross, Indiana: Infomotions, 2001.
  • ---------. Physics. Terc. R. P. Hardie and R. K. Gaye, Indiana: Infomotions, 2001.
  • Ateş, Süleyman. “Hazarât-ı Hams,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c.17, ss.115-116.
  • Aydın, Mehmet S. “Süreç (Proses) Felsefesi Işığında Tanrı-Âlem İlişkisi,” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 27:1 (1986), ss.31-87
  • Barnes, Jonathan. The Presocratic Philosophers. London: Routledge, 1982.
  • Bertolacci, Amos. “The Distinction of Essence and Existence in Avicenna’s Metaphysics: The Text and Its Context,” F. Opwis ve D. Reisman (ed.), Islamic Philosophy, Science, Culture, and Religion: Studies in Honor of Dimitri Gutas (Leiden: Brill, 2012) içinde, ss.257-288.
  • Çağrıcı, Mustafa. “İbn Teymiyye’nin Bakışıyla Gazzâlî-İbn Rüşd Tartışması,” İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi 9 (1995), ss.77-126
  • Chittick, William C. The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn al- Arabī’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.
  • ---------. Imaginal Worlds: Ibn al- Arabī and the Problem of Religious Diversity. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994.
  • ---------. “Ibn Arabī and His School,” S. H. Nasr (ed.), Islamic Spirituality: Manifestations (New York: The Crossroad Publishing Company, 1997) içinde, ss.49-79.
  • ---------. The Self-Disclosure of God: Principles of Ibn al- Arabī’s Cosmology. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998.
  • ---------. Ibn Arabī: Heir to the Prophets. Oxford: Oneworld, 2005.
  • Chodkiewicz, Michel. Seal of the Saints: Prophethood and Sainthood in the Doctrine of Ibn Arabī. Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 1993.
  • Coates, Peter. Ibn Arabī and Modern Thought: The History of Taking Metaphysics Seriously. Oxford: Anqa Publication, 2002.
  • Corbin, Henry. Alone with the Alone: Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn Arabī. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997.
  • Davidson, Herbert A. Proofs for Eternity, Creation, and the Existence of God in Medieval Islamic and Jewish Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.
  • Dombrowski, Daniel. A Platonic Philosophy of Religion. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2005.
  • Durusoy, Ali. “İbn Sînâ: Felsefesi,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c.20, ss.322-331.
  • Echer, Abdulḥakīm. İbn Teymiyye ve İsti nāfu’l-Ḳavli’l-Felsefī fī’l-İslām. Ed- Dār’ul-Beyḍā : el-Merkezu’s̱-S̱eḳāfiyyi’l- Arabī, 2004.
  • ---------. Su ālu’l- Ālem: eş-Şeyḫān İbn Arabī ve İbn Teymiyye min Fikri’l-Vaḥde ilā Fikri’l-İḫtilāf. Ed-Dār’ul-Beyḍā : el-Merkezu’s̱-S̱eḳāfiyyi’l- Arabī, 2011.
  • Ehrhardt, Arnold. The Beginning: A Study in the Greek Philosophical Approach to the Concept of Creation from Anaximander to St John. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1968.
  • el-İazzālī, Ebū Ḥāmid. Mişkātu’l-Envār. Abdul azīz Īzzuddīn. Beyrut: Ālemu’l- Kutub, 1986.
  • ---------. Tehāfutu’l-Felāsife. Tah. Suleymān Dunyā. Kahire: Dāru’l-Ma ārif, 1980.
  • ---------. Kitābu’l-Erba īn fī Uṣūli’d-Dīn. Abdullāh Abdulḥamīd Urvānī. Şam: Dāru’l-Ḳalem, 2003.
  • Griffel, Frank. Al-Ghazali’s Philosophical Theology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
  • Hallaq, Wael B. Ibn Taymiyya Against the Greek Logicians. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.
  • Hirtenstein, Stephen. The Unlimited Mercifier: The Spiritual Life and Thought of Ibn Arabī. Oxford: Anqa Publishing, 1999.
  • Hoover, Jon. “Perpetual Creativity in the Perfection of God: Ibn Taymiyya’s Hadith Commentary on God’s Creation of This World,” Journal of Islamic Studies 15:3 (2004), ss.287-329
  • ---------. Ibn Taymiyya’s Theodicy of Perpetual Optimism. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
  • ---------. “God Acts by His Will and Power: Ibn Taymiyya’s Theology of a Personal God in his Treatise on the Voluntary Attributes,” Y. Rapoport ve S. Ahmed (ed.), Ibn Taymiyya and His Times (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2010) içinde, ss.55-77.
  • İbn Arabī, Muḥyīddīn. el-Futūḥātu’l-Mekkiyye. Kahire. 1911.
  • ---------. “ Uḳletu’l-Mustevfiz,” H. S. Nyberg (ed.), Kleinere Schriften des Ibn al Arabī (Leiden: Brill, 1919) içinde, ss.41-99.
  • ---------. Fuṣūṣu’l-Ḥikem. Tah. Ebū’l- Alā Afīfī. Beyrut: Dāru’l-Kitābi’l- Arabī, 1966.
  • ---------. The Bezels of Wisdom: Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikem. İng. terc. R. W. J. Austin. New York: Paulist Press, 1980.
  • ---------. “Kitābu’l-İsfār an Netā ici’l-Esfār,” Abdulkerīm en-Nemrī (tah.), Rasā ilu İbn Arabī (Beyrut: Dāru’l-Kutubi’l- İlmiyye, 2001) içinde, ss.351-384.
  • İbn Sīnā. Kitābu’n-Necāh fī’l-Ḥikmeti’l-Manṭiḳiyye ve’ṭ-Ṭabī iyye ve’l-İlāhiyye. Tah. Mācid Faḫrī. Beyrut: Dāru’l-Āfāḳi’l-Cedīde, 1985.
  • İbn Teymiyye, Taḳīyyuddīn Aḥmed b. Abdulḥalīm. Der u Te āruḍi’l- Aḳl ve’n-Naḳl. Tah. Muḥammed Raşād Sālim. Riyad: Cāmi atu’l-İmām Muḥammed b. Su ūd, 1979-1983.
  • ---------. İḳtiḍā u’ṣ-Ṣirāṭi’l-Musteḳīm li-Muḫālefeti Aṣḥābi’l-Caḥīm. Tah. Aḥmed Ḥamdī İmām. Cidde: Dāru’l-Medenī, 1986.
  • ---------. Minhācu’s-Sunneti’n-Nebeviyye fī Naḳḍi Kelāmi’ş-Şī a ve’l-Ḳaderiyye. Muḥammed Raşād Sālim. Riyad: Cāmi atu’l-İmām Muḥammed b. Su ūd b. Su ūd el-İslāmiyye, 1986.
  • ---------. Mecmū u Fetāvā Şeyḫi’l-İslām Aḥmed İbn Teymiyye. Abdurraḥmān b. Muḥammed b. Ḳāsim ve Muḥammed b. ʿAbdurraḥmān b. Muḥammed. Medine: Mucemmā u’l-Melik Fehd, 2004.
  • Kılıç, M. Erol. “İbnü’l-Arabī,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, c.20, ss.493-516.
  • ---------. Şeyh-i Ekber: İbn Arabî Düşüncesine Giriş. İstanbul: Sufî Kitap, 2011.
  • Kügelgen, Anke von. “The Poison of Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya’s Struggle For and Against Reason,” B. Krawietz ve G. Tamer (ed), Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2013) içinde, ss.253-328.
  • McGinnis, Jon. Avicenna. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  • Michot, Yahya. “Ibn Taymiyya’s Commentary on the Creed of al-Ḥallāj,” A. Shihadeh (ed.), Sufism and Theology (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007) içinde, ss.123-136.
  • Mullins, R. T. “Divine Perfection and Creation,” The Heythrop Journal 57:1 (2016), ss.122-134.
  • Muslim b. el-Ḥaccāc. Ṣaḥīḥu Muslim. Tah. Ebū Ṭāhir Zubeyr Alī Ze ī. Riyad: Dāru’s-Selām, 2007.
  • Nasr, S. H. Islamic Philosophy from its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the Land of Prophecy. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2006.
  • Netton, Ian Richard. Muslim Neoplatonists: An Introduction to the Thought of the Brethren of Purity, Ikhwan al-Safa. London: G. Allen & Unwin, 1982.
  • ---------. Allah Transcendent: Studies in the Structure and Semiotics of Islamic Philosophy, Theology, and Cosmology. New York: Routledge, 1989.
  • Özervarlı, M. Sait. İbn Teymiyye’nin Düşünce Metodolojisi ve Kelâmcılara Eleştirisi. İstanbul: İSAM Yayınları, 2008.
  • Platon. Timaeus and Critias. İng. terc. Robin Waterfield. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
  • Plotinos. The Six Enneads. İng. terc. Stephen MacKenna and B. S. Page. London: P. L. Warner, 1917-1930.
  • Riley, Michael W. Plato’s Cratylus: Argument, Form, and Structure. New York: Rodopi, 2005.
  • Rosenthal, Franz. “Ibn Arabī between ‘Philosophy’ and ‘Mysticism’: ‘Ṣūfism and Philosophy are neighbors and visit each other’,” Oriens 31 (1988), ss.1-35.
  • Shield, George (ed.). Process and Analysis: Essays on Whitehead, Hartshorne, and the Analytic Tradition. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003.
  • es-Sicistānī, Ebū Dāvūd Suleymān b. el-Eş as̱ . Kitābu’s-Sunen. Tah. Ebū Ṭāhir Zubeyr Alī Ze ī. Riyad: Dāru’s-Selām, 2008.
  • Şenel, Cahid. “Yeni Eflâtunculuk,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, c.43, ss.423-427.
  • Tamer, Georges. “The Curse of Philosophy: Ibn Taymiyya as a Philosopher in Contemporary Islamic Thought,” B. Krawietz ve G. Tamer (ed), Islamic Theology, Philosophy and Law: Debating Ibn Taymiyya and Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2013) içinde, ss.329-374.
  • et-Tirmiẕī, Ebū Īsā Muḥammed b. Īsā. Cāmi u’t-Tirmiẕī. Tah. Ebū Ṭāhir Zubeyr Alī Ze ī. Riyad: Dāru’s-Selām, 2007.
  • Wilberding, James. Plotinus’ Cosmology: A Study of Ennead II. 1 (40): Text, Translation, and Commentary. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
  • Wolfson, Harry Austryn. The Philosophy of the Kalam. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1976.
  • Yasa, Metin. İbn Arabî ve Spinoza’da Varlık. İstanbul: Elis Yayınları, 2003.
  • Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmy. “Ibn Taymiyyah’s Critique of Aristotelian Metaphysics,” Afkār: Jurnal Akidah dan Pemikiran Islam (Journal of Aqīdah and Islamic Thought) 11 (2010), ss.167-190.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA59FB32VB
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Emrah Kaya Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ağustos 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Kaya, Emrah. “Sonsuz Tecellî Ve Daimî Yaratma: İbn Arabī Ve İbn Teymiyye’nin Yaratma Meselesine Ezelî Fiil Olarak Bakışları”. Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 57, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2016): 69-96. https://doi.org/10.1501/Ilhfak_0000001453.

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