Taxes and the Power of Tax From 1215 Magna Carta to 1381 Peasant Revolt in England

Öz

1215 Magna Carta has been frequently referenced in many public finance studies. When viewed in conjunction with previous and subsequent fiscal developments, the 1215 Magna Carta gives a wealth of historical information on topics such as how taxes evolved, the conflict for the power of tax, and the legitimacy of taxes. In this context, the study's purpose is to comprehend the historical process that occurred around the 1215 Magna Carta, to comprehend the origins of taxes, and to investigate how the power of tax and legitimacy have changed over time. Historical events such as the Magna Carta of 1215, the Confirmato Cartum of 1297, and the Peasant Revolt of 1381 are regarded as fiscal in this regard. The study began by evaluating 1215 Magna Carta from a fiscal standpoint, and then attempted to link 1297 Confirmato Cartum to Magna Carta. The fiscal developments between the years 1297 and 1381 are examined. As a result, it has been emphasized that the understanding of taxes, the power of tax and the legitimacy of taxes is possible by examining these concepts in changing social processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 1215 Magna Carta
• 1297 Confirmato Cartum
• 1381 Peasant Revolt
• Tax
• The power of tax
• The legitimacy of taxes

1215 Magna Carta’dan 1381 Köylü İsyanına İngiltere’de Vergiler ve Vergileme Yetkisi

Öz

1215 Magna Carta pek çok açıdan olduğu gibi mali açıdan da sıklıkla referans verilen bir metin olmuştur. 1215 Magna Carta, kendisinden önce ve sonraki mali gelişmeler ile birlikte incelediğinde, vergilerin emriyonik olarak nasıl geliştiği, vergileme yetkisi konusunda verilen mücadelenin nasıl seyrettiği, vergilerin meşruiyeti gibi konuları anlamak için oldukça zengin tarihsel malzemeye olanak verir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın amacı, 1215 Magna Carta’nın etrafında cereyan eden tarihsel süreci vergilerin kökenini anlamak, vergileme yetkisi ve vergilerin meşruiyetinin tarihsel olarak nasıl değiştiğini incelemektir. Bu bağlamda, mali açıdan önemli tarihsel uğraklar olduğu düşünülen 1215 Magna Carta, 1297 Confirmato Cartum ve 1381 Köylü İsyanını kapsayan tarihsel süreç mali gelişmeler odağa alınarak incelenmeye çalışmıştır. Çalışma öncelikle 1215 Magna Carta’yı mali açıdan kapsamlı bir biçimde değerlendirmiş, 1297 Confirmato Cartum ile Magna Carta ilişkilendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. 1297 yılında 1381 yılına geçen süreçteki mali gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak vergilerin, vergileme yetkisinin ve vergilerin meşruluğunun anlaşılmasının kavramların değişen toplumsal süreçler içerisinde incelenmesi ile mümkün olduğu vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 1215 Magna Carta
• 1297 Confirmato Cartum
• 1381 Köylü İsyanı
• Vergi
• Vergileme yetkisi
• Vergilerin meşruiyeti

Kaynakça

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