FREUD'ÇU , LIBERAL VE MARKSİST KİŞİLK KURAMLARININ TÜREVİ OLARAK TOPLUM, İKTİSAT VE SİYASET TEORİLERİ

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 11, 1 - 23, 01.05.2006

Hüseyin Akyıldız

Öz

FarkL kifilik kuramlanrun, farkli toplum, iktisat ve siyaset teorilerine yol a^tigi ifade edilebUir. Bu baglamda Freud'un kijOik kuramimn klasik ve neoklasik iktisadin yam sira totaliter ve otoriter rejimlere kaynakhk ettigi soylenebilir. Diger yandan, "dogal haklar" teorisinden ozgurlukgii, "homo economicus"in farkli yorumlarmdan hem "laissez faire"ci hem de kolektivist egilimlerin turetildigi ifade edilebilir. Aynca, insani irrasyonel varlik olarak ele alan bazi liberal dujunurler "sosyal seleksiyon" surecinden, liberal toplum duzenini; buna karjin, insani toplumsal varlik olarak ele alan Marx, kapitalist sure9te insamn yabancilafmasindan proletarya diktatorlugu ve sosyalizmi iiretmektedir. Diger yandan, aym tarihsel suregte bir birleriyle 9elijmeleri ve uygulamada kuramsal ongoriilerine aykiri sonu^lar iiretmelerine ragmen, bu teorilerin taraftar kideler buldugu goriilmektedir. Bu olgunun psikolojik nedeni ise, insanlann teorik olgulan dogmatik inan^lara doniijtiirmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Freud'fu kiplik teoris, kiplik kuramlan, dogal hakl, rasyonel insan, liberal iktisat, refah devlet, anayasal iktisat, sosyalizm

SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL THEORIES AS DERIVATIONS OF FREUDIAN, LIBERAL AND MARXIST HUMAN NOTIONS

Öz

It may be said that different human theories have caused the different theories in the field of society, economics and politics. It may be argued that Freudian thought was the inspiration for the totalitarian and authoritarian regimes as well as classic and neo-classic economics. It could be thought that liberal approaches were drived from the theory of natural rights. Also, it may be contended that the different interpretations of "homo economicus" inspired both "laisez faire"-based and collectivist ideologies. On the other hand, some liberal thinkers who regard the human being as irrational, have developed liberal society order from "social selection" process. On the contrary to all of these, Marx drived the proletarian dictatorship and socialism from human alienation caused by the capitalist system. In addition, it seems that each of these theories has found the mass of people in favor of itself although they have contradicted each other in the same historical process and produced the results against their theoretical explanation in practise. The cause of this fact is that people have transformed them into dogmas

Anahtar Kelimeler

Freudian humanity theory, human conception, natural rights, homo economicu, liberal economic, welfare state, constitutional economic, Marxist economics, socialism