Mavi Akım’dan Türk Akım’a Türkiye’nin Rusya’ya Enerji Bağımlılığının Bir Değerlendirmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 79 - 90, 30.06.2018

Bahadır Kaynak

Öz

Özet

Türkiye, Rusya’dan doğalgaz satın alımına Soğuk Savaş’tan önce başlayıp daha sonraki on yıllar için önemli

bir ilişkinin tohumlarını atmıştır. Mavi Akım Projesinin inşası Moskova’nın Türkiye için ana tedarikçi konumunu

sağlamlaştıran bir dönüm noktasıdır. Rusya’nın bu hakimiyetinin hafifletilmesi için gösterilen çabalara rağmen

Gazprom Türkiye’nin toplam tüketiminin yarısından fazlasını kontrol etmektedir. Rusya ve Türkiye’yi doğrudan

bağlayacak Türk Akım boru hattı bu koşullarda sürdürülmektedir ve sadece Türk tüketicilerini hedeflemekle

kalmayıp Avrupa’ya transit ulaşma imkanı sağlayabilecektir. Mavi Akım hattı anlaşmasının imzalanmasından

yirmi yıl sonra, bu iki projenin karşılaştırması Ankara’nın Rusya’ya olan enerji bağımlılığını anlaşılması için

aydınlatıcı olabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mavi Akım, Türk Akım, Rusya-Türkiye enerji ilişkileri, boru hattı siyaseti, enerji bağımlılığı

From Blue Stream To Turkish Stream An Assesment Of Turkey’s Energy Dependence On Russia

Öz

Abstract

Turkey started imports of natural gas from Russia before the Cold War ended, establishing the basis of an

important relationship for decades to come. Construction of Blue Stream pipeline was a major landmark after

which Moscow consolidated its position as the major supplier for Turkish market. Despite efforts to dilute

Russia’s dominance in natural gas imports, Gazprom still controls more than half of Turkey’s total consumption

today. Turkish Stream pipeline, that will directly link Russia with Turkey, is being constructed under these

circumstances even though the project does not solely target Turkish consumers but aims to reach European

market in transit from Turkey. Two decades after the signing of Blue Stream contract, a comparison between

those projects may explain how Ankara has fared with its energy dependence on Russia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blue Stream, Turkish Stream, Russia-Turkey energy relations, pipeline politics, energy dependence

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