Turizm Araştırmalarında Nedensellik: Q1 Dergilerde Deneysel Tasarımın Kullanımına Yönelik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışmada, nedensel ilişkileri test etmede en güçlü nicel yöntem olarak kabul edilen deneysel tasarım konu edilmiştir. Deneysel tasarım yönteminin turizm araştırmalarındaki niceliksel ve niteliksel durumuna ilişkin bir anlayış geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda turizm alanında öncü olan ve Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)’de taranan dergilerde, deneysel tasarım yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş 195 araştırma makalesi, yıl sınırlaması olmaksızın incelenmiştir. Makaleler dergiler, yazarlar, yıllar ve konular bağlamında R istatistik programı ile bilimsel haritalama ve raporlama yöntemleri analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca makaleler deney türü, deney ortamı, tasarım türü, rassal atama, manipülasyon yöntemi ve manipülasyon kontrolü gibi temel deneysel tasarım öğeleri bağlamında da analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular, 2010 yılından itibaren deneysel araştırmalarda dikkat çekici bir artış olduğunu 2016 ve sonrasında ise deneysel tasarım yöntemi kullanımının zirveye ulaştığını ortaya koymuştur. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, International Journal of Hospitality Management, Journal of Travel Research ve Tourism Management dergilerinin en fazla deneysel tasarım araştırması yayımlayan dergiler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Destinasyon imajı, tüketici davranışı, Covid-19, tatmin, reklam vb. anahtar kelimelerin deneysel araştırmalarda ön plana çıktığı; sağlık bilinci, iyi oluş, beslenme bilgisi gibi konuların ise niş konular olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Deneylerin çoğunlukla gerçek deney ve denekler-arası olarak tasarlandığı, rassal atama şartının sağlandığı, saha deneylerinin azınlıkta olduğu ve manipülasyon kontrolüne önem verildiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Deneysel Tasarım
• Nedensellik
• Turizm Araştırmaları
• Sistematik Literatür Taraması
• Bilimsel Haritalama

Causation in Tourism Research: A Review of the Use of Experimental Design in Q1 Journals

Öz

In this study, it is aimed to develop an understanding of both quantitative and qualitative status of experimental design in tourism research, which is known as the most powerful quantitative method in testing causal relationship. Accordingly, 195 research articles which were published in the pioneer journals (Social Science Citation Index, Q1) of the field of tourism are reviewed without publication year limitation. The articles were analysed in the context of journals, authors, years, and topics using R statistical software and scientific mapping and reporting techniques. Moreover, articles are examined in terms of basic elements of experimental design such as, type, environment, random assignment, manipulation method and manipulation control. According to findings, there has been a remarkable increase in experimental research since 2010 and reaches the peak after 2016. Also, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, International Journal of Hospitality Management, Journal of Travel Research and Tourism Management are published experimental articles more frequently. Whereas destination image, consumer behaviour, Covid-19, satisfaction etc. are the most prevalent keywords in the articles; well-being, health consciousness, food knowledge etc. are niche topics. In terms of design elements, true experiments, between subjects studies are more frequent and manipulations are checked highly. However, field experiments are rare.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Experimental Design
• Causality
• Tourism Researches
• Systematic Literature Review
• Science Mapping

Kaynakça

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