Küresel Krizler Karşısında Tedarik Zinciri Dirençliliği: Sistematik Yazın Taraması

Öz

Son yıllarda küresel tedarik zincirleri, COVID-19 salgını, çip krizi, konteyner krizi, ABD’nin Çin’e yönelik ekonomik tarife yaptırımları, Süveyş Kanalı tıkanıklığı, Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı, İsrail-Filistin çatışması ve Kızıldeniz’de ticaret gemilerine yönelik saldırılardan ciddi şekilde etkilenmiştir. Bu tür krizler, tedarik zincirlerinde risk yönetimi ve iş sürekliliğinin önemini ortaya koyarken, aynı zamanda tedarik zinciri dirençliliği kavramının gelişmesine de zemin hazırlamıştır. Günümüzde yaşanan bu belirsizlikler ve krizler, tedarik zinciri yönetimi açısından yeni bir norm haline gelmiş ve işletmelerin sürdürülebilir rekabet avantajı elde edebilmesi için dirençlilik kavramının stratejik bir gereklilik olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışma, tedarik zinciri dirençliliği alanında sistematik bir yazın taraması olmakla beraber hem akademik literatüre hem de tedarik zinciri profesyonellerine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada incelenen araştırma makaleleri “Science Direct, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Springer Link, Emerald Publishing, Wiley Online Library”, doktora tezi çalışmaları için “Proquest” veri tabanından faydalanılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucunda 102 araştırma makalesi ve 97 doktora tezi analiz edilerek sonuçları paylaşılmıştır. Türkiye’de tedarik zinciri dirençliliği üzerine yalnızca bir doktora tezinin yapıldığı, en fazla araştırma makalesinin 2019 yılında (23 makale), en fazla doktora tezinin 2022 yılında (19 tez) yayımlandığı belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, literatürde yer alan tedarik zinciri dirençliliği tanımları karşılaştırılmış ve alandaki araştırma boşlukları ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları, işletmelerin tedarik zinciri dirençliliğini artırarak krizlere uyum sağlama yetkinliklerini geliştirmelerine yönelik önemli çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tedarik Zinciri Dirençliliği
• Yıkıcı Olaylar
• Belirsizlik

Suppy Chain Resilience In The Face Of Global Disruptions: A Systematic Literature Review

Öz

In recent years, global supply chains have been severely affected by various disruptions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the semiconductor shortage, container crisis, U.S. tariff sanctions on China, the blockage of the Suez Canal, the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Palestine conflict, and attacks on commercial vessels in the Red Sea. These crises have highlighted the critical importance of risk management and business continuity within supply chains, while also fostering the emergence and evolution of the concept of supply chain resilience. In today’s environment, characterized by persistent uncertainties and disruptions, resilience has become a new norm in supply chain management and a strategic imperative for businesses seeking sustainable competitive advantage. This study aims to contribute to both the academic literature and supply chain practitioners by presenting a systematic literature review in the field of supply chain resilience. Research articles were retrieved from databases including Science Direct, Scopus, Taylor and Francis, Springer Link, Emerald Publishing, and Wiley Online Library, while doctoral dissertations were sourced from the ProQuest database. A total of 102 research articles and 97 doctoral dissertations were analyzed.The findings indicate that only one doctoral dissertation has been conducted on supply chain resilience in Türkiye, with the highest number of research articles published in 2019 (23 articles) and the most doctoral dissertations in 2022 (19 dissertations). Furthermore, definitions of supply chain resilience in the literature were compared, and existing research gaps were identified. The study provides significant insights for enhancing organizational capabilities to adapt to crises by strengthening supply chain resilience.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Supply chain resilience
• supply chain management
• disruptive events
• risk management
• uncertainty

Kaynakça

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