Hüzün Turizmde Anma Etkinlikleri: Toplumsal Hafıza Kuramı Çerçevesinde ANZAK Günü’nden Yansımalar

Öz

Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen ve ülkemizin turizm tarihi açısından önem arz eden birçok etkinlik bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan bir tanesi de ANZAK (Avustralya ve Yeni Zelanda Ordu Birlikleri) Günü anma törenleridir. Gelibolu Yarımadası’nda gerçekleştirilen ve her yıl binlerce Avustralyalı ve Yeni Zelandalının katıldığı ANZAK Günü anma törenleri, ülkemiz için önemli bir turistik talep oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, toplumsal hafıza kuramı perspektifinden hareketle, ANZAK Günü’nde ortaya çıkan duygusal ve bilişsel deneyimleri sistematik olarak inceleyerek, hüzün turizmi bağlamında katılımcıların toplumsal hafıza ile kurdukları ilişkiyi ve anlamlandırma süreçlerini derinlemesine analiz etmektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma veri toplama tekniklerinden doküman analizi ve gözlem kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, 111 yıl geçmesine rağmen Avustralyalıların ve Yeni Zelandalıların törenlere olan ilgisinin hala devam ettiğini göstermektedir. Türkiye’de yapılan törenlere katılmak için büyük bir çabanın gösterildiği, törenlere protokol seviyesinde katılımların gerçekleştirildiği ve katılımcıların deneyimlerinin duygusal ve bilişsel boyutta gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Gelibolu Yarımadası’ndaki ANZAK Günü anma törenlerine katılımın aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin diğer destinasyonlarına (Troya, Efes vb.) olan ziyaretlerin önünü açtığı ve bu çarpan etkisinin ülke turizmi açısından önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hüzün turizmi
• ANZAK
• ANZAK Günü
• anma töreni
• toplumsal hafıza kuramı

Commemorations in Dark Tourism: Reflections from ANZAC Day within the Framework of Collective Memory

Öz

Many significant events have taken place in Türkiye throughout the country's tourism history. One of these is the ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) Day commemorations. Every year, thousands of Australians and New Zealanders attend ANZAC Day commemorations in Gallipoli, generating significant tourism demand for our country. From this perspective, this study examines emotional and cognitive experiences during ANZAC Day through the lens of collective memory theory, analysing how participants engage with and construct meaning within the context of dark tourism. It adopted a qualitative research approach, with data collected through document analysis and observation. Findings demonstrate that, despite the passing of 111 years, Australians and New Zealanders remain interested in the commemorations; a significant effort was made to attend the ceremonies in Türkiye; participation in the commemorations was carried out at the protocol level; and the participants' experiences were emotional and cognitive in nature. Participation in the ANZAC Day commemorations in Gallipoli also paved the way for visits to other destinations (e.g., Troy, Ephesus, etc.) in Türkiye, which constitutes a multiplier impact for the country’s tourism industry.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dark Tourism
• ANZAC
• ANZAC day
• commemoration
• collective memory

Kaynakça

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