Algılanan Dezavantajlı Yaşam Deneyimleri Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ilk yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireylerin (18-35 yaş) kendilerini maddi durum ve olumsuz aile / çocukluk yaşantıları bağlamında dezavantajlı hissetme durumlarını ölçmeyi amaçlayan bir özbildirim ölçeğinin geliştirilmesidir. Veri toplama araçları olarak Algılanan Dezavantajlı Yaşam Deneyimleri Ölçeği (ADYDÖ) madde havuzu, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği, Kısa Semptom Envanteri - Depresyon alt boyutu ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma üç farklı çalışma grubundan elde edilen verilerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci veri setinden $(n=512)$ elde edilen verilerle ADYDÖ'nün 20 maddeden oluşan madde havuzuna açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) yapılmış, 18 madde ve iki alt boyuttan oluşan bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen yapı toplam varyansın %64,82'sini açıklamıştır. İkinci veri seti $(n=525)$ ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) gerçekleştirilmiş, iki madde ölçekten çıkarılmış ve kabul edilebilir / mükemmel model uyum indeksleri elde edilmiştir $(CFI=.95, GFI .96, TL1=.94, SRMR=.04, RMSEA .07, x2/df=3,70)$. Ölçüt bazlı geçerlik çalışmaları ise üçüncü veri seti $(n=585)$ kullanılarak yapılmış ve toplam puan ve alt boyutlar bazında umutsuzluk ve depresyon değişkenleri ile korelasyon katsayılarının .38 ve .50 aralığında olduğu görülmüştür. Alt boyutlar ve toplam puan bazında Cronbach Alfa ve McDonald Omega katsayılarının .91 ve .93 aralığında olması da güvenilirlik düzeyi için güçlü kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında 16 madde ve iki alt boyuttan oluşan ADYDÖ'nün, bu araştırmanın çalışma gruplarını oluşturan bireylerden elde edilen veriler bağlamında geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• algılanan dezavantajlı yaşam deneyimleri
• maddi durum
• olumsuz aile / çocukluk yaşantıları

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Etik Kurulunun 24.10.2023 tarih ve: E-66777842-600-00003160514 24 sayılı izni çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Development of the Perceived Disadvantaged Life Experiences Scale

Öz

The aim of this study is to develop a self-report scale designed to measure perceived disadvantage among individuals in early adulthood (aged 18-35) regarding financial status and adverse childhood/family experiences. The Perceived Disadvantaged Life Experiences Scale (PDLES) item pool, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory (Depression sub-scale) and a personal information form were used as instruments. The study was conducted with three distinct data sets. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on the 20-item pool of PDLES with the first dataset $(n=512)$, which yielded a structure consisting of 18 items and two sub-dimensions. This structure explained 64.82% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted with the second dataset $(n=525)$. Acceptable or perfect model fit indices were found following the removal of two items $(CFI=.95, GFI=.96, TLI=.94, SRMR=.04, RMSEA=.07, \chi^{2}/df=3.70)$. Criterion-based validity studies were conducted with the third dataset $(n=585)$, which revealed correlation coefficients between 38 and 50 with hopelessness and depression for both total score and sub-scales. Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega coefficients ranging from .91 to 93 for the sub-scales and total score provide strong evidence for the reliability. Given these findings, it is concluded that PDLES consisting of 16 items and two subscales is a valid and reliable tool in this sample. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Perceived disadvantaged life experiences
• financial situation
• adverse family / childhood experiences

Etik Beyan

This research was conducted with the permission of the Hacettepe University Social and Humanities Research Ethics Board, dated 24.10.2023 and numbered E-66777842-600-00003160514 24.

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