Latin Amerika Borç Krizi ve Avrupa İçin Çıkarılacak Dersler

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 159 - 173, 29.03.2014

Emin Ertürk , Derya Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.25494

Öz

1970’lerde tüm dünyada ortaya çıkan kredi genişlemesinden
Latin Amerika ülkeleri de nasibini almış, artan
sosyal harcamalarını yabancı kredilerle finanse etmiş-
lerdir. 1980’lerle birlikte uygulanan sıkı para politikaları
sonucu gelişmiş ülkelerde faiz oranları önemli ölçüde
artmıştır. Sonuçta; Latin Amerika ülkeleri için borcun
servisini gerçekleştirmek sıkıntılı olmaya başlamıştır.
Çokuluslu bankalar, önemli alacaklara sahip oldukla
rından uluslararası koordinasyon kolayca sağlanmıştır.
Ancak Latin Amerika bu müzakerelere yıllar harcamış
ve bu yıllar bölgede “kayıp on yıl” olarak adlandırılmaya
başlanmıştır. Bu gün ise borç başka bir kıtada
önemli bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Bazı Avrupa ülkeleri
borç servislerini gerçekleştirme de sıkıntılar yaşamaktadır.
Bu ülkelerin iflası ve büyük ülkelere sıçrama ihtimali
tümbirlik ülkelerinin kredibilitesini sarsmaktadır.
Bu durum Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik(EPB)’in devamı
için de tehdit oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle
Latin Amerika’nın yaşadığı borç tecrübesi ele alınacak,
buradan alınan dersle Avrupa borç krizi incelenecektir.
Sonuç olarak ise parasal birliğin geleceği için olası politika
seçenekleri değerlendirilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Latin Amerika Borç Krizi, Avrupa Borç Krizi, Ekonomik ve Parasal Birlik(EPB)

Kaynakça

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