Birleşmiş Milletler Barışı Koruma Operasyonlarının Başarısında Ev Sahibi Devletin Rızası ve İşbirliğinin Rolü: Sierra Leone ve Güney Sudan'ın Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Öz

Birleşmiş Milletler barışı koruma faaliyetlerinin etkinliği, uzun süredir uluslararası çatışma çözümünün temel bir aracı olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, hâlâ süregelen bir tartışma konusudur. Bu çalışma, BM barışı koruma operasyonlarının başarısını belirlemede ev sahibi devletin rızası ve iş birliğinin kritik rolünü incelemektedir. Sierra Leone’deki UNAMSIL ve Güney Sudan’daki UNMISS olmak üzere iki çok boyutlu BM misyonuna odaklanan bu araştırma, ev sahibi devletin rızası ve iş birliğindeki farklılıkların operasyonel etkinliği nasıl etkilediğini analiz etmektedir. Her iki misyon da BM Şartı’nın VII. Bölümü uyarınca yetkilendirilmiş ve kırılganlık ile sürekli şiddetin damga vurduğu, uzun süreli çatışmalar yaşayan ülkelere konuşlandırılmıştır. Bu yapısal benzerliklere rağmen, iki misyonun sonuçları önemli ölçüde farklılık göstermiştir. Bu farklılığı açıklığa kavuşturmak amacıyla çalışma, “en çok benzeyen sistemler” araştırma tasarımını benimsemekte ve ev sahibi devlet rızası ve iş birliğinin görev başarısında temel bir belirleyici olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, stratejik rızanın ötesinde ev sahibi devletle sürdürülebilir işbirliğinin önemini vurgulamakta ve kırılgan ve karmaşık bağlamlarda gelecekteki barış operasyonları için önemli çıkarımlar sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Birleşmiş Milletler
• Barışı koruma operasyonları
• Çok boyutlu misyonlar
• UNAMSIL
• UNMISS
• Afrika

The Role of Host-State Consent and Cooperation in the Success of UN Peacekeeping Operations: A Comparative Study of Sierra Leone And South Sudan

Öz

The effectiveness of United Nations peacekeeping, long considered a key mechanism of international conflict resolution, has remained a subject of ongoing debate. This study investigates the critical role of host-state consent and cooperation in determining the success of UN peace operations. Focusing on two multidimensional UN missions—UNAMSIL in Sierra Leone and UNMISS in South Sudan—the research examines how variations in host-state consent and cooperation influence operational effectiveness. Both missions were authorised under Chapter VII of the UN Charter and deployed in countries characterised by fragility and prolonged conflict marked by persistent violence. Despite these structural similarities, the outcomes of the two missions diverged significantly. To shed light on this divergence, the study adopts a most-similar systems design and finds that sustained host-state consent and cooperation was a key determinant of mission success. These findings highlight the importance of host-state cooperation beyond strategic consent, with implications for the future of peace operations in fragile and complex contexts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• United Nations
• Peacekeeping operations
• Multidimensional missions
• UNAMSIL
• UNMISS
• Africa

Kaynakça

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