The EU’s Refugee Crisis: The Case of Syria Through the Lens of Türkiye

Öz

The civil wars that broke out across the Middle East and North Africa in the aftermath of the Arab Spring have raised the global refugee population to its highest level since World War II. In particular, the mass displacement caused by the Syrian civil war has imposed severe humanitarian and administrative burdens on neighboring countries such as Türkiye, Jordan, and Lebanon, while the European Union (EU) initially postponed addressing the crisis directly. However, with the surge of refugees toward Europe in 2015, migration rapidly became a pressing security, humanitarian, and political issue for the EU. This development led to an intensive and multidimensional negotiation process between Türkiye and the EU. This study aims to examine the refugee policies of both the EU and Türkiye in the post-Arab Spring period, assess the impact of the 2015 refugee crisis on these policies, and explore their subsequent transformations. It also evaluates Türkiye’s demands and the EU’s responses, while analyzing potential post-Assad scenarios in Syria and their implications for future migration dynamics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Syria
• European Union
• Türkiye
• Refugee Policy

AB’NİN MÜLTECİ KRİZİ: TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNDEN SURİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Arap Baharı sonrasında Ortadoğu ve Kuzey Afrika’da patlak veren iç savaşlar, dünya genelinde mülteci sayısını İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan bu yana en yüksek seviyeye taşımıştır. Özellikle Suriye iç savaşının yarattığı kitlesel göç hareketleri, Türkiye, Ürdün ve Lübnan gibi bölge ülkelerinde ciddi insani ve yönetsel yük oluştururken, Avrupa Birliği (AB) bu krizle doğrudan yüzleşmeyi bir süre ertelemiştir. Ancak 2015 yılında mültecilerin Avrupa’ya yönelmesiyle birlikte, göç meselesi AB açısından acil bir güvenlik, insani ve siyasi sorun hâline gelmiştir. Bu gelişme, Türkiye ile AB arasında yoğun ve çok boyutlu bir müzakere sürecini beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Arap Baharı sonrası dönemde AB ve Türkiye’nin mülteci politikalarını, 2015 mülteci krizinin bu politikalar üzerindeki etkilerini ve yaşanan dönüşümleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, Türkiye'nin talepleri ile AB’nin bu taleplere karşı geliştirdiği tutum değerlendirilmekte; nihayetinde, Esad sonrası Suriye’ye ilişkin olası senaryolar ve bunların göç dinamiklerine etkileri analiz edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Suriye
• Avrupa Birliği
• Türkiye
• Mülteci Politikası

Etik Beyan

Çalışmada Etik Beyan bildirecek durum yoktur.

Kaynakça

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