Rusya 2024 "Aile Yılı": Söylem ve Politika

Öz

Bu çalışma, Rusya Federasyonu’nun 2024 yılını “Aile Yılı” ilan etme kararını, sosyal politika söyleminin ötesine geçen çok katmanlı bir devlet stratejisi olarak ele almaktadır. Yüzeyde aile refahını güçlendirmeyi amaçlayan bu girişim, esasen ülkenin uzun süredir yaşadığı demografik daralma, savaş koşulları ve uluslararası yalnızlaşma bağlamında geliştirilen kapsamlı bir devlet politikasının ifadesidir. Çalışmada, “Aile Yılı” söyleminin demografik krizi güvenlik ekseninde yeniden tanımladığı, “geleneksel değerler” ideolojisini Rus Ortodoks Kilisesi ile ortaklaşa inşa ettiği ve bu değerler üzerinden hem iç politikada rıza üretimini hedeflediği hem de dış politikada Rusya’yı “muhafazakâr medeniyetin lideri” olarak konumlandırdığı savunulmaktadır. Devletin politika çerçevesi ikili bir stratejiye dayanmaktadır. Bu stratejide, mali teşvikler yoluyla “rıza üreten” araçlar ile üreme haklarına kısıtlamalar getiren “disiplin edici” düzenlemeler birlikte yer almaktadır. Bulgular, demografik hedeflerde başarısız olunsa da bu sürecin Kremlin açısından ideolojik tahkim, toplumsal kontrol ve uzun vadeli siyasi istikrarı güçlendiren bir araç olarak işlev gördüğünü göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aile politikası
• demografi
• devlet söylemi
• güvenlikleştirme
• Rusya

Russia's 2024 "Year of the Family": Discourse and Policy

Öz

This article examines the Russian Federation’s declaration of 2024 as the “Year of the Family,” treating it as a multi-layered state strategy that goes beyond social policy discourse. Ostensibly aimed at strengthening family welfare, the initiative amounts to a comprehensive state policy shaped by long-term demographic decline, the war in Ukraine, and international isolation. The article argues that the “Year of the Family” discourse recasts the demographic crisis in security terms, builds an ideology of “traditional values” in partnership with the Russian Orthodox Church, and uses these values to seek consent at home and to position Russia abroad as the “leader of conservative civilization.” This policy rests on a dual strategy: “consent-generating” financial incentives operate alongside “disciplinary” restrictions on reproductive rights. The findings show that, although its demographic targets were missed, the initiative has served the Kremlin as an instrument of ideological consolidation, social control, and long-term political stability.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• familiy policy
• demography
• state discourse
• securitization
• Russia

Kaynakça

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