Araştırma Makalesi
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Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 67 Sayı: 03, 189 - 217, 01.03.2012
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002259

Öz

Bu çalışma, Roy Bhaskar tarafından, “ontolojik realizm, epistemolojik görecelilik, yargısal rasyonellik” üçlüsünü biraraya getirmekle tanımlanan ve “Marksizme bir katkı” sağlamayı hedefleyen eleştirel gerçekçilik yaklaşımını değerlendirme çabasıdır. Bu amaçla, eleştirel gerçekçiliğin ontolojik ve epistemolojik ilkeleri, bu ilkelerin hangi pozisyonlara karşı geliştirildiğine de değinecek biçimde ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada, eleştirel gerçekçiliğin taşıdığı sınırlılıklar ve açtığı olanaklar, kimi diğer düşünürlere referansla eleştirel bir değerlendirmeye tâbi tutulmaktadır. Toplumsal bir aktivite olarak bilgiye atfedilen role ve bilim-etik-özgürleşme üçgenine dair eleştirel gerçekçiliğin doğurduğu soru(n)lara değinerek çalışma sonlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Agamben, Giorgio (1999), “On Potentiality”, Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy (G. Agamben), (California: Stanford University Press).
  • Archer, Margeret (1998), “Realism in the Social Sciences” M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bennett, Jonathan (1974), “Substances and Reality”, Kant’s Dialectic (J.Bennett), (Cambridge University Press).
  • Benton, Ted (1998), “Realism and Social Science: Some Comments on Roy Bhaskar’s ‘The Possibility of Naturalism’”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ve Alan Norrie (1998), “Introduction: Dialectic and Dialectical Critical Realism”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ve Alex Callinicos (2003), “A Debate: Marxism and Critical Realism”, Journal of Critical Realism 1:2.
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1975), A Realist Theory of Science, (Essex: The Harvester Press).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ([1979] 2000), The Possibility of Naturalism (London: Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1986), Scientific Realism and Human Emancipation (London: Verso).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1993), “Introduction: Critical Realism, Hegelian Dialectic and the Problems of Philosophy”, Dialectic: The Pulse of Freedom (R. Bhaskar) (London: Verso).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1997), “On the Ontological Status of Ideas”, Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 27: 2/3.
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1998), “General Introduction”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Blakie, Norman (1993), Approaches to Social Enquiry (Cambridge: Polity Press).
  • Bonefeld, W., Gunn, R., Psychopedis, K. (1992), “Introduction”, W. Bonefeld, R. Gunn, K. Psychopedis (eds.), Open Marxism I: Dialectics and History (Colorado: Pluto Press).
  • Castree, Noel (1996), “Birds, Mice and Geography: Marxism and Dialectics”, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 21, No. 2.
  • Collier, Andrew (1998a), “The Power of Negative Thinking”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Collier, Andrew (1998b), “Realism and Formalism in Ethics”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Curry, Neil (2002), “Critical Realism: Beyond the Marxism/post-Marxism Divide” A. Brown, S. Fleetwood, J.M. Roberts (eds.), Critical Realism and Marxism (London: Routledge).
  • Deleuze, Gilles (2000), Spinoza Üzerine On Bir Ders (Ankara: Öteki Yayınevi ve Körotonomedya) (çev. U. Baker).
  • Deleuze, Gilles (2007), Kant Üzerine Dört Ders (İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi) (çev. U. Baker).
  • Ehrbar, Hans G. (1998), “Marxism and Critical Realism”, Presentation for the Heterodox Economics Students Association, www.econ.utah.edu/~ehrbar/marxre.pdf
  • Foucault, Michel (1980), “Truth and Power” Power/Knowledge (M. Foucault) (New York: Harvester Press).
  • Gardner, Sebastian (1999), Kant and the Critique of Pure Reason (London: Routledge).
  • Gunn, Richard (1992), “Against Historical Materialism: Marxism as a First-Order Discourse”, W.Bonefeld, R.Gunn, K. Psychopedis (eds.), Open Marxism II: Theory and Practice (Colorado: Pluto Press).
  • Hegel, Friedrich G.W. (2004), Tinin Görüngübilimi (İstanbul: İdea Yayınları) (çev. A.Yardımlı).
  • Joseph, Jonathan (2001), “Eleştirel Gerçekçiliğin Marksizme Faydalı Olabileceği Beş Nokta” Praksis, s.1.
  • Kant, Immanuel (1999), Pratik Aklın Eleştirisi (Ankara: Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu) (çev. İ. Kuçuradi, Ü. Gökberk, F. Akatlı).
  • Keat, Russel John Urry (1994), Bilim Olarak Sosyal Teori (Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları) (çev. N. Çelebi).
  • Kojeve, Alexandre (2004), Hegel Felsefesine Giriş, (İstanbul: YKY) (çev. S. Hilav)
  • Laclau, Ernesto ve Roy Bhaskar (1998), “Debate: Discourse Theory vs Critical Realism” Alethia 1,2.
  • Ollman, Bertell (2003), “The Philosophy of Internal Relations” Dance of Dialectic: Steps in Marx’s Method (B.Ollman) (Chicago: University of Illinois Press).
  • Ollman, Bertell (2006), Diyalektiğin Dansı: Marx’ın Yönteminde Adımlar (İstanbul: Yordam Kitap) (çev. C.Saraçoğlu).
  • Patomaki, Heikki ve Colin Wight (2000), “After Postpozitivism? The Promises of Critical Realism”, International Studies Quarterly vol.44, no.2.
  • Sayer, Andrew ([1984] 1997), Method in Social Science: A Realist Approach (London: Routledge).
  • Spinoza, Benedictus (2004), Etika (Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları) (çev. H.Z.Ülken).
  • Sprinker, Michael (1992), “The Royal Road: Marxism and the Philosophy of Science” New Left Review, 191.
  • Stace, W.T. (1986), Hegel Üzerine (Ankara: V Yayınları) (çev. M.Belge).
  • Williams, Robert R. (1985), “Hegel and Transcendental Philosophy” The Journal of Philosophy, vol.82, no.11.
  • Zizek, Slovaj (1993), “Hegel’s ‘Logic of Essence’ as a Theory of Ideology” Tarrying with the Negative (S.Zizek) (Durham: Duke University Press).

On Critical Realism

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 67 Sayı: 03, 189 - 217, 01.03.2012
https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002259

Öz

This article is an attempt to evaluate critical realism which is defined through the compatibility of “ontological realism, epistemological relativism, judgmental rationality” and suggested as “a contribution to Marxism” by Roy Bhaskar. For that purpose, this article examines the ontological and epistemological principles of critical realism, together with the various positions against which those principles have been built up. Beside that, in this work the limits and possibilities that critical realism bears are subjected to a critical evaluation by reference to some other theoreticians. The article concludes with some remarks on the questions and problems that critical realism gives birth, especially at issue of understanding knowledge as a social activity as well as the relationship among the science, ethics and human emancipation.

Kaynakça

  • Agamben, Giorgio (1999), “On Potentiality”, Potentialities: Collected Essays in Philosophy (G. Agamben), (California: Stanford University Press).
  • Archer, Margeret (1998), “Realism in the Social Sciences” M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bennett, Jonathan (1974), “Substances and Reality”, Kant’s Dialectic (J.Bennett), (Cambridge University Press).
  • Benton, Ted (1998), “Realism and Social Science: Some Comments on Roy Bhaskar’s ‘The Possibility of Naturalism’”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ve Alan Norrie (1998), “Introduction: Dialectic and Dialectical Critical Realism”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ve Alex Callinicos (2003), “A Debate: Marxism and Critical Realism”, Journal of Critical Realism 1:2.
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1975), A Realist Theory of Science, (Essex: The Harvester Press).
  • Bhaskar, Roy ([1979] 2000), The Possibility of Naturalism (London: Routledge).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1986), Scientific Realism and Human Emancipation (London: Verso).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1993), “Introduction: Critical Realism, Hegelian Dialectic and the Problems of Philosophy”, Dialectic: The Pulse of Freedom (R. Bhaskar) (London: Verso).
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1997), “On the Ontological Status of Ideas”, Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 27: 2/3.
  • Bhaskar, Roy (1998), “General Introduction”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Blakie, Norman (1993), Approaches to Social Enquiry (Cambridge: Polity Press).
  • Bonefeld, W., Gunn, R., Psychopedis, K. (1992), “Introduction”, W. Bonefeld, R. Gunn, K. Psychopedis (eds.), Open Marxism I: Dialectics and History (Colorado: Pluto Press).
  • Castree, Noel (1996), “Birds, Mice and Geography: Marxism and Dialectics”, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 21, No. 2.
  • Collier, Andrew (1998a), “The Power of Negative Thinking”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Collier, Andrew (1998b), “Realism and Formalism in Ethics”, M. Archer, R. Bhaskar, A.Collier, T. Lawson, A. Norrie (eds.), Critical Realism: Essential Readings (London: Centre for Critical Realism & Routledge).
  • Curry, Neil (2002), “Critical Realism: Beyond the Marxism/post-Marxism Divide” A. Brown, S. Fleetwood, J.M. Roberts (eds.), Critical Realism and Marxism (London: Routledge).
  • Deleuze, Gilles (2000), Spinoza Üzerine On Bir Ders (Ankara: Öteki Yayınevi ve Körotonomedya) (çev. U. Baker).
  • Deleuze, Gilles (2007), Kant Üzerine Dört Ders (İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi) (çev. U. Baker).
  • Ehrbar, Hans G. (1998), “Marxism and Critical Realism”, Presentation for the Heterodox Economics Students Association, www.econ.utah.edu/~ehrbar/marxre.pdf
  • Foucault, Michel (1980), “Truth and Power” Power/Knowledge (M. Foucault) (New York: Harvester Press).
  • Gardner, Sebastian (1999), Kant and the Critique of Pure Reason (London: Routledge).
  • Gunn, Richard (1992), “Against Historical Materialism: Marxism as a First-Order Discourse”, W.Bonefeld, R.Gunn, K. Psychopedis (eds.), Open Marxism II: Theory and Practice (Colorado: Pluto Press).
  • Hegel, Friedrich G.W. (2004), Tinin Görüngübilimi (İstanbul: İdea Yayınları) (çev. A.Yardımlı).
  • Joseph, Jonathan (2001), “Eleştirel Gerçekçiliğin Marksizme Faydalı Olabileceği Beş Nokta” Praksis, s.1.
  • Kant, Immanuel (1999), Pratik Aklın Eleştirisi (Ankara: Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu) (çev. İ. Kuçuradi, Ü. Gökberk, F. Akatlı).
  • Keat, Russel John Urry (1994), Bilim Olarak Sosyal Teori (Ankara: İmge Kitabevi Yayınları) (çev. N. Çelebi).
  • Kojeve, Alexandre (2004), Hegel Felsefesine Giriş, (İstanbul: YKY) (çev. S. Hilav)
  • Laclau, Ernesto ve Roy Bhaskar (1998), “Debate: Discourse Theory vs Critical Realism” Alethia 1,2.
  • Ollman, Bertell (2003), “The Philosophy of Internal Relations” Dance of Dialectic: Steps in Marx’s Method (B.Ollman) (Chicago: University of Illinois Press).
  • Ollman, Bertell (2006), Diyalektiğin Dansı: Marx’ın Yönteminde Adımlar (İstanbul: Yordam Kitap) (çev. C.Saraçoğlu).
  • Patomaki, Heikki ve Colin Wight (2000), “After Postpozitivism? The Promises of Critical Realism”, International Studies Quarterly vol.44, no.2.
  • Sayer, Andrew ([1984] 1997), Method in Social Science: A Realist Approach (London: Routledge).
  • Spinoza, Benedictus (2004), Etika (Ankara: Dost Kitabevi Yayınları) (çev. H.Z.Ülken).
  • Sprinker, Michael (1992), “The Royal Road: Marxism and the Philosophy of Science” New Left Review, 191.
  • Stace, W.T. (1986), Hegel Üzerine (Ankara: V Yayınları) (çev. M.Belge).
  • Williams, Robert R. (1985), “Hegel and Transcendental Philosophy” The Journal of Philosophy, vol.82, no.11.
  • Zizek, Slovaj (1993), “Hegel’s ‘Logic of Essence’ as a Theory of Ideology” Tarrying with the Negative (S.Zizek) (Durham: Duke University Press).
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Duygu Türk Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2012
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2012 Cilt: 67 Sayı: 03

Kaynak Göster

APA Türk, D. (2012). Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 67(03), 189-217. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002259
AMA Türk D. Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine. SBF Dergisi. Mart 2012;67(03):189-217. doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002259
Chicago Türk, Duygu. “Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 67, sy. 03 (Mart 2012): 189-217. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002259.
EndNote Türk D (01 Mart 2012) Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 67 03 189–217.
IEEE D. Türk, “Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine”, SBF Dergisi, c. 67, sy. 03, ss. 189–217, 2012, doi: 10.1501/SBFder_0000002259.
ISNAD Türk, Duygu. “Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 67/03 (Mart 2012), 189-217. https://doi.org/10.1501/SBFder_0000002259.
JAMA Türk D. Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine. SBF Dergisi. 2012;67:189–217.
MLA Türk, Duygu. “Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, c. 67, sy. 03, 2012, ss. 189-17, doi:10.1501/SBFder_0000002259.
Vancouver Türk D. Eleştirel Gerçekçilik Üzerine. SBF Dergisi. 2012;67(03):189-217.

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