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Türkiye'deki Dikey ve Yatay Uyumsuz Eşleşmeye İlişkin Literatür Taraması ve Bunların Kesişimini de İçeren Yeni Bulgular

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 78 Sayı: 4, 761 - 783, 26.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33630/ausbf.1161828

Öz

Bu çalışmanın iki amacı bulunmaktadır. Birincisi, Türkiye’deki eğitim sistemiyle iş gücü piyasası arasındaki yatay ve dikey uyumsuz eşleşmeyi inceleyen ampirik çalışmaların literatür taramasını yaparak temel bulguları raporlamaktır. İkincisi, TÜİK Hanehalkı İşgücü Anketi veri setlerini kullanarak mesleki ve teknik ortaöğretim düzeyi ve yükseköğretim olmak üzere her bir hedef kitle için yeni ve daha detaylı bulguları iki farklı perspektiften sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda, önce uyumsuz eşleşme düzeylerinin yıllara göre değişimleri incelenmiş, ardından yatay ve dikey uyumsuz eşleşmelerin kesişimi (overlapping mismatch) üç farklı kategoride analiz edilmiştir. Bunlar, “sadece yatay uyumsuz eşleşme”, “sadece dikey uyumsuz eşleşme” ve “tam uyumsuz eşleşme”dir (aynı anda hem yatay hem de dikey uyumsuz eşleşme). Temel bulgular şunlardır: Her iki eğitim seviyesi için de yatay ve dikey uyumsuz eşleşme düzeyi zaman içerisinde artış göstermiştir. Bu artış oranı yükseköğretim için daha yüksektir. Yatay ve dikey uyumsuzluğun kesişimiyle ilgili bulgulara göre, ortaöğretim düzeyindeki mesleki ve teknik eğitimden mezun olanların %70,2’si ve yükseköğretimden mezun olanların %40,6’sı söz konusu üç kategoriden herhangi biri itibarıyla uyumsuz eşleşmeye sahiptir.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, Elif Oznur (2017), “The Effects of Education-Job Mismatch on Wages: A Panel Analysis of Turkish Labour Market”, UİİİD-İJEAS, 2017 (18):339-354.
  • Beduwe, Catherine; Jean-François Giret (2011), “Mismatch of Vocational Graduates. What penalty on French Labour Market?”, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 2011 (78):68-79
  • CASGEM-Ministry of Labour and Social Security (2019), “Uyumsuz Eslesme Olgusu: Türkiye İsgucu Piyasasi Ornegi”, Study on behalf of Ministry of Labour and Social Security, Ankara
  • CoHE (2022), YÖK Yükseköğretim İstatistikleri https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (11.08.2022)
  • Dereli Eris, Bilge (2019), “The Relationship between University Prestige and Incidence of Overeducation: Evidence from Turkey”, Finans Politik&Ekonomik Yorumlar, (649): 113-131
  • Dereli Eris, Bilge (2017), “Determinants of Education Mismatch in Turkey: Evidence from Labor Force Surveys”, Marmara Universitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 39(2): 519-530. DOI: 10.14780/muiibd.384186
  • Duman, Anil (2018), “Education Mismatches in Labor Markets and Their Impacts on Wages across Sectors: Evidence from Turkey”, Sosyoekonomi. 26(37): 227-242. DOI: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2018.03.13
  • Ege, Ahmet Alper (2020), “Analyzing the Incidence and Causes of Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey: Evidence from TURKSTAT Labour Force Surveys”, Dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara
  • Filiztekin Alpay (2011), “Education-Occupation Mismatch in Turkish Labor Market”, MPRA Paper 35123 University Library of Munich, Germany
  • Flisi, Sara; Valentina Goglio; Elena Claudia Meroni; Margarida Rodrigues; Esperanza Vera-Toscano (2014), “Measuring Occupational Mismatch: Overeducation and Overskill in Europe-Evidence from PIAAC”, Social Indicators Research. 2017(131): 1211-1249. doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1292-7
  • Galasi, Peter (2008), “The Effect of Educational Mismatch on Wages for 25 Countries”, Budapest Working Papers on Labor Market, BWP 2008/8
  • Ghignoni, Emanuela (2011), “Demand and Supply of Skilled Labour and Persistence of Young Workers’ Overeducation in Europe: Mediterranean countries versus the Netherlands”, Journal of Educational, Cultural and Psychological Studies. 4(2011):101–143
  • Groot, Wim; Henriette Maassen van den Brink (2000), “Overeducation in the labor market: a meta-analysis”, Economics of Education Review. 19(2): 49-58
  • ILO (2012), “International Standard Classification of Occupations: ISCO-08”, International Labour Office, Geneva
  • Kurnaz Baltacı, Isıl (2015), “Isgucu Piyasasinda Nitelik Uyumsuzlugu: Düsük Nitelikli Islerde Yuksek Nitelikli Isgucu”, Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yonetim Arastirmalari Dergisi
  • Levels, Mark; Rolf van der Velden; Jim Allen (2014), “Educational Mismatches and Skills: New Empirical Tests of Old Hypotheses”, Oxford Economic Papers, 66 (4): 959-982. doi:10.1093/oep/gpu024
  • McGuinness, S. (2006), “Overeducation in the Labour Market. Journal of Economic Surveys”, 20(3): 387–418
  • Mercan, Murat Anil; Mesut Karakas; Sadettin Haluk Citci; Mehmet Babacan (2015), “Sector-based Analysis of the Education–occupation Mismatch in the Turkish Labour Market”, EDAM Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(1): 397-407
  • MoNE-Ministry of National Education (2018), Outlook of Vocational and Technical Education in Turkey, Ankara
  • Montt, Guillermo (2017), “Field of Study Mismatch and Overqualification: Labour Market Correlates and Their Wage Penalty”, IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2017(6):2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40172-016-0052-x
  • Montt, Guillermo (2015), “The Causes and Consequences of Field-of-study Mismatch: An analysis using PIAAC”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 167, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jrxm4dhv9r2-en
  • OECD (2016), Skills Matter: Further Results from the Survey of Adult Skills, Paris: OECD Publishing, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264258051-en
  • Quintini, Glenda (2011), “Right for the Job: Over-qualified or under-skilled?”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers No. 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/ 5kg59fcz3tkd-en
  • Robst, John (2007), “Education and Job Match: The Relatedness of College Major and Work”, Economics of Education Review, 26(4): 397–407
  • Sellami, Sana; Dieter Verhaest; Walter Van Trier (2018), “How to Measure Field-of-study mismatch? A Comparative Analysis of the Different Methods. Review of Labour Economics & Industrial Relations”, 32(4): 141-173. doi: 10.1111/labr.12129
  • Somers, Melline. A.; Sofie J. Cabus; Wim Groot; Henriette Maassen Van den Brink (2019), “Horizontal mismatch between employment and field of education: Evidence from a systematic literature review”, Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell. 33(2): 567-603. doi: 10.1111/joes.12271
  • Suna, Hayri Eren; Hande Tanberkan; Emine Eroglu; Mahmut Ozer; Bekir Sıddık Gür (2020), “Horizontal Skills Mismatch in Vocational Education in Turkey: The Reasons for Out-of-Field Employment”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Dergisi. 40(2): 931–955. https://doi.org/10.26650/SJ.2020.40.2.0101
  • Verhaest, Dieter; Sana Sellami; Rolf Van Der Velden (2017), “Differences in Horizontal and Vertical Mismatches across Countries and Fields of Study”, International Labour Review.156(1): 1-23
  • Wolbers, Maarten H.J. (2003), “Job Mismatches and Their Labour-market Effects among School-leavers in Europe”, European Sociological Review.19(3): 249-266.

A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 78 Sayı: 4, 761 - 783, 26.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.33630/ausbf.1161828

Öz

The aim of this paper is two folds. First, we perform a review of empirical research that report the vertical mismatch and/or field of study mismatch in Turkey. Second, we provide additional evidence from two perspectives which are (i) change in vertical mismatch and field of study mismatch over time and (ii) their overlapping mismatch. Using dataset from Turkish Statistical Institute labor force surveys, we conduct our analyses for two separate target groups, namely vocational and technical high schools and higher education. The main findings are as follows: The incidence of both vertical and field of study mismatch is higher for vocational and technical high schools. Both mismatches increased over time for both target groups. More notably, the rate of increase in higher education is higher than that in vocational and technical high schools. Regarding the overlapping mismatch, we define three mismatch categories, namely mere field of study mismatch, mere overeducation and full-mismatch. We find that 40.6% of employees from higher education and 70.2% of employees from vocational and technical high schools are mismatched by any category.

Kaynakça

  • Acar, Elif Oznur (2017), “The Effects of Education-Job Mismatch on Wages: A Panel Analysis of Turkish Labour Market”, UİİİD-İJEAS, 2017 (18):339-354.
  • Beduwe, Catherine; Jean-François Giret (2011), “Mismatch of Vocational Graduates. What penalty on French Labour Market?”, Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 2011 (78):68-79
  • CASGEM-Ministry of Labour and Social Security (2019), “Uyumsuz Eslesme Olgusu: Türkiye İsgucu Piyasasi Ornegi”, Study on behalf of Ministry of Labour and Social Security, Ankara
  • CoHE (2022), YÖK Yükseköğretim İstatistikleri https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/ (11.08.2022)
  • Dereli Eris, Bilge (2019), “The Relationship between University Prestige and Incidence of Overeducation: Evidence from Turkey”, Finans Politik&Ekonomik Yorumlar, (649): 113-131
  • Dereli Eris, Bilge (2017), “Determinants of Education Mismatch in Turkey: Evidence from Labor Force Surveys”, Marmara Universitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi. 39(2): 519-530. DOI: 10.14780/muiibd.384186
  • Duman, Anil (2018), “Education Mismatches in Labor Markets and Their Impacts on Wages across Sectors: Evidence from Turkey”, Sosyoekonomi. 26(37): 227-242. DOI: 10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2018.03.13
  • Ege, Ahmet Alper (2020), “Analyzing the Incidence and Causes of Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey: Evidence from TURKSTAT Labour Force Surveys”, Dissertation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara
  • Filiztekin Alpay (2011), “Education-Occupation Mismatch in Turkish Labor Market”, MPRA Paper 35123 University Library of Munich, Germany
  • Flisi, Sara; Valentina Goglio; Elena Claudia Meroni; Margarida Rodrigues; Esperanza Vera-Toscano (2014), “Measuring Occupational Mismatch: Overeducation and Overskill in Europe-Evidence from PIAAC”, Social Indicators Research. 2017(131): 1211-1249. doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1292-7
  • Galasi, Peter (2008), “The Effect of Educational Mismatch on Wages for 25 Countries”, Budapest Working Papers on Labor Market, BWP 2008/8
  • Ghignoni, Emanuela (2011), “Demand and Supply of Skilled Labour and Persistence of Young Workers’ Overeducation in Europe: Mediterranean countries versus the Netherlands”, Journal of Educational, Cultural and Psychological Studies. 4(2011):101–143
  • Groot, Wim; Henriette Maassen van den Brink (2000), “Overeducation in the labor market: a meta-analysis”, Economics of Education Review. 19(2): 49-58
  • ILO (2012), “International Standard Classification of Occupations: ISCO-08”, International Labour Office, Geneva
  • Kurnaz Baltacı, Isıl (2015), “Isgucu Piyasasinda Nitelik Uyumsuzlugu: Düsük Nitelikli Islerde Yuksek Nitelikli Isgucu”, Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Yonetim Arastirmalari Dergisi
  • Levels, Mark; Rolf van der Velden; Jim Allen (2014), “Educational Mismatches and Skills: New Empirical Tests of Old Hypotheses”, Oxford Economic Papers, 66 (4): 959-982. doi:10.1093/oep/gpu024
  • McGuinness, S. (2006), “Overeducation in the Labour Market. Journal of Economic Surveys”, 20(3): 387–418
  • Mercan, Murat Anil; Mesut Karakas; Sadettin Haluk Citci; Mehmet Babacan (2015), “Sector-based Analysis of the Education–occupation Mismatch in the Turkish Labour Market”, EDAM Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(1): 397-407
  • MoNE-Ministry of National Education (2018), Outlook of Vocational and Technical Education in Turkey, Ankara
  • Montt, Guillermo (2017), “Field of Study Mismatch and Overqualification: Labour Market Correlates and Their Wage Penalty”, IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 2017(6):2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40172-016-0052-x
  • Montt, Guillermo (2015), “The Causes and Consequences of Field-of-study Mismatch: An analysis using PIAAC”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers, No. 167, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5jrxm4dhv9r2-en
  • OECD (2016), Skills Matter: Further Results from the Survey of Adult Skills, Paris: OECD Publishing, http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264258051-en
  • Quintini, Glenda (2011), “Right for the Job: Over-qualified or under-skilled?”, OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers No. 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/ 5kg59fcz3tkd-en
  • Robst, John (2007), “Education and Job Match: The Relatedness of College Major and Work”, Economics of Education Review, 26(4): 397–407
  • Sellami, Sana; Dieter Verhaest; Walter Van Trier (2018), “How to Measure Field-of-study mismatch? A Comparative Analysis of the Different Methods. Review of Labour Economics & Industrial Relations”, 32(4): 141-173. doi: 10.1111/labr.12129
  • Somers, Melline. A.; Sofie J. Cabus; Wim Groot; Henriette Maassen Van den Brink (2019), “Horizontal mismatch between employment and field of education: Evidence from a systematic literature review”, Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell. 33(2): 567-603. doi: 10.1111/joes.12271
  • Suna, Hayri Eren; Hande Tanberkan; Emine Eroglu; Mahmut Ozer; Bekir Sıddık Gür (2020), “Horizontal Skills Mismatch in Vocational Education in Turkey: The Reasons for Out-of-Field Employment”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyoloji Dergisi. 40(2): 931–955. https://doi.org/10.26650/SJ.2020.40.2.0101
  • Verhaest, Dieter; Sana Sellami; Rolf Van Der Velden (2017), “Differences in Horizontal and Vertical Mismatches across Countries and Fields of Study”, International Labour Review.156(1): 1-23
  • Wolbers, Maarten H.J. (2003), “Job Mismatches and Their Labour-market Effects among School-leavers in Europe”, European Sociological Review.19(3): 249-266.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ahmet Alper Ege 0000-0002-2598-5235

Erkan Erdil 0000-0003-3091-2441

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 78 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Ege, A. A., & Erdil, E. (2023). A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 78(4), 761-783. https://doi.org/10.33630/ausbf.1161828
AMA Ege AA, Erdil E. A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch. SBF Dergisi. Aralık 2023;78(4):761-783. doi:10.33630/ausbf.1161828
Chicago Ege, Ahmet Alper, ve Erkan Erdil. “A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 78, sy. 4 (Aralık 2023): 761-83. https://doi.org/10.33630/ausbf.1161828.
EndNote Ege AA, Erdil E (01 Aralık 2023) A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 78 4 761–783.
IEEE A. A. Ege ve E. Erdil, “A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch”., SBF Dergisi, c. 78, sy. 4, ss. 761–783, 2023, doi: 10.33630/ausbf.1161828.
ISNAD Ege, Ahmet Alper - Erdil, Erkan. “A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi 78/4 (Aralık 2023), 761-783. https://doi.org/10.33630/ausbf.1161828.
JAMA Ege AA, Erdil E. A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch. SBF Dergisi. 2023;78:761–783.
MLA Ege, Ahmet Alper ve Erkan Erdil. “A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch”. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, c. 78, sy. 4, 2023, ss. 761-83, doi:10.33630/ausbf.1161828.
Vancouver Ege AA, Erdil E. A Review of Empirical Research on Vertical Mismatch and Field of Study Mismatch in Turkey and Additional Evidence from Their Overlapping Mismatch. SBF Dergisi. 2023;78(4):761-83.