Gebe kadınların kişilik özelliklerinin stres ve gebelik uyumuna etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebe kadınların kişilik özelliklerinin stres ve gebelik uyumuna etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tipte olup, örneklemini bir devlet hastanesinin kadın doğum polikliniğine başvuran 250 gebe kadın oluşturmuştur. Veriler Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Cervantes Kişilik Ölçeği (CKÖ), Prenatal Distress Ölçeği (PDÖ) ve Prenatal Kendini Değerlendirme Ölçeği (PKDÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veriler; betimsel istatistikler, ‘t-testi’ ve ‘pearson korelasyon analizi”’ ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 28,65+5,22 olup ortalama gebelik haftasının 32,94+5,18 olduğu, %68,4’ünün en az ortaokul mezunu olduğu ve %82,4’ünün herhangi bir işte çalışmadığı saptanmıştır. Gebe kadınların daha içe dönük ve duygusal olarak dengeli yapıda olduğu, sorulara tutarlı şekilde yanıt verdiği, prenatal distres düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve iyi gebelik uyumu gösterdikleri belirlenmiştir. PDÖ ile PKDÖ toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Ayrıca CKÖ duygusal denge/nörotizm ve tutarlı/tutarsız olma boyutları ile hem PDÖ hem de PKDÖ toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Sonuç: Gebe kadınların yaşadıkları stres düzeyi arttıkça gebelik uyumlarının azaldığı, özellikle nörotik kişilik özelliğine sahip kadınların prenatal distres düzeylerinin daha yüksek, gebelik uyumlarının daha düşük olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gebelik
• kişilik
• stres
• gebeliğe uyum

The Relationship of Personality Traits on Pregnant Women on Stress and Adaptation to Pregnancy

Öz

Aim: This study examined the relationship of personality traits on pregnant women on stress and adaptation to pregnancy. Subject and Method: The study is of descriptive type and the sample of the study consisted of 250 pregnant women who applied to the obstetrics clinic of a state hospital. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Cervantes Personality Scale (CPS), Prenatal Distress Scale (PDS), and Prenatal Self-Evaluation Scale (PSES). The data were evaluated with descriptive statistics, 't-test' and 'pearson correlation analysis' in the SPSS program. Results: It was found that the mean age of the pregnant women was 28.65±5.22 and the mean gestational week was 32.94±5.18, 68.4% of them were at least secondary school graduates and 82.4% of them did not work in any job. It was found that pregnant women were more introverted and emotionally stable, answered questions consistently, had low prenatal distress levels, and showed good pregnancy adjustment. A significant relationship was found between the PDS and PSES (p<0,001). Moreover, a significant relationship was also present between the sub-dimensions of emotional balance/neuroticism and consistency/inconsistency, and PDS and PSES scores (p<0,001). Conclusion: It was observed that as the stress level of pregnant women increased, their adaptation to pregnancy decreased, especially women with neurotic personality traits had higher prenatal distress levels and lower adaptation to pregnancy. It can be suggested that all health professionals serving pregnant women should consider the basic personality traits of women in their attempts to reduce prenatal stress and increase compliance with pregnancy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adaptation to pregnancy
• personality
• stress
• pregnancy

Kaynakça

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