Biyotik Ailesinden Postbiyotiklerin Sınıflandırılması ve Antitümör Aktiviteleri

Öz

Kanser, dünya çapında önde gelen ikinci ölüm nedenidir ve hastaların prognozunun iyileşmesine rağmen, vakaların önemli bir kısmında hala kötüdür. İnsan vücudunda antikanser tedavisine yönelik karmaşık ve sonuç alınamayan yaklaşımlar, antikanser ortamı yaratmanın yeni yollarını aramaya motive etmektedir. Probiyotikler, prebiyotikler, sinbiyotikler ve postbiyotiklerin, yapılan çalışmalar ile kanser tedavsisinde yardımcı tedavi olarak kullanımında etkili olduğu gösterilmektedir. Biyotik ailesinden olan postbiyotikler, fonksiyonel bir gıda veya gıda takviyesi olarak sunulan ve sağlığı destekleyen mikrobiyal metabolitlerdir. Doğrudan vücudun sinyal yollarını etkilerler ya da dolaylı olarak bağırsak mikroflorasının metabolizmasını ve bileşimini manipüle ederler. Postbiyotiklerin uygulanması, kanser ile savaşmak için etkili bir tamamlayıcı stratejidir. Bu derlemede, postbiyotiklerin antitümöral etkilerini ve metastatik kanserlerdeki rolünü içeren çalışmalar incelenmiş ve tümör hücrelerinde postbiyotik kaynaklarının yararlılığını gösteren temel bulgular özetlenmiştir. Postbiyotikler, kanser tedavisinde yardımcı tedavi olarak değerlendirilebilir ve tedavi yöntemlerinin neden olduğu yan etkilerin azaltılmasına yardımcı olabilir. Ayrıca postbiyotiklerin kanser üzerindeki etkilerini detaylı olarak değerlendirmek için daha fazla in vivo ve in vitro çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antitümör ajanlar
• kanser
• metastaz

Classification and Antitumor Activities of Postbiotics from the Biotic Family

Öz

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and although the prognosis for patients has improved, it is still poor in a significant proportion of cases. Complex and inconclusive approaches to anticancer treatment in the human body motivate the search for new ways to create an anticancer environment. Studies have shown that probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics are effective in their use as adjunctive therapy in cancer treatment. Postbiotics, from the biotic family, are health-promoting microbial metabolites offered as a functional food or dietary supplement. They directly affect the body's signaling pathways or indirectly manipulate the metabolism and composition of the intestinal microflora. The administration of postbiotics is an effective complementary strategy to fight cancer. In this review, studies including the antitumoral effects of postbiotics and their role in metastatic cancers were examined and the main findings showing the usefulness of postbiotic sources in tumor cells were summarized. Postbiotics can be considered as adjunctive therapy in cancer treatment and may help reduce the side effects caused by treatment methods. In addition, more in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to evaluate the effects of postbiotics on cancer in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antitumor agents
• cancer
• metastasis

Kaynakça

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