Evaluation Of Health Expenditures In Terms Of Income Elasticity: A Systematic Review

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Abstract

Aim: Health expenditures continue to increase both globally and nationally nowadays. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between income and health expenditure, which is one of the important determinants of health expenditures, on income elasticity findings of OECD countries. In this context, the health spending levels of OECD member countries and changes in years have been examined. Then, the relationship between health expenditures and income elasticity has been defined. Method: In accordance with the aim of the study, 16 scientific studies, which have been published between the dates of 2008-2018 and selected with specific criteria, have been systematically examined in terms of the relationship between health expenditures and income. Income elasticity findings in selected scientific publications have been grouped and made comparable. Results: Although there were observable differences between the groups, the income elasticity values ​​of health expenditures have been found to be mostly in the group classified as “necessity” between 0-1 values. Conclusion: This result shows that expenditures for health services have not yet reached adequate levels although they have increased over the years. In this respect, health spending is expected to continue to increase in the coming years.

SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ GELİR ESNEKLİĞİ AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME

Öz

Özet

Amaç: Dünya genelinde de, ülkeler özelinde de sağlık harcamaları artmaya devam etmektedir. Bu sistematik derleme çalışmasının amacı; sağlık harcamalarının önemli belirleyicilerinden biri olan gelir ile sağlık harcaması ilişkisini, OECD ülkeleri açısından gelir esnekliği bulguları üzerinden değerlendirmektir. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak, OECD üyesi ülkelerin sağlık harcaması düzeyleri ve yıllara göre gerçekleşen değişimler incelenmiştir. Sonrasında sağlık harcamaları ve gelir esnekliği ilişkisi tanımlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın devamında amaç doğrultusunda 2008-2018 yılları arasında yayımlanmış olan ve belirli ölçütler ile seçilmiş 16 adet bilimsel çalışma, sağlık harcamaları ve gelir arasındaki ilişki açısından sistematik bir şekilde derlenmiş ve yayınlardaki gelir esnekliği bulguları gruplandırılarak karşılaştırılabilir hale getirilmiştir. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında gözlemlenebilir farklılıklar olmakla birlikte, sağlık harcamalarının gelir esnekliği değerlerinin çoğunlukla 0-1 değerleri arasında ve “ihtiyaç” olarak sınıflandırılan grup içerisinde yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu sonuç, sağlık hizmetleri için yapılan harcamaların yıllara göre artış göstermesine rağmen hala yeterli seviyeye ulaşamadığını göstermektedir. Bu açıdan, sağlık harcamalarının önümüzdeki yıllarda da artmaya devam etmesi beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sağlık ekonomisi
• sağlık harcamaları
• gelir esnekliği
• OECD ülkeleri

Kaynakça

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