Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigation of Postgraduate Theses on Upper Extremity in Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Completed by Physiotherapists: A Qualitative Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 142 - 151, 14.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1249839

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the postgraduate theses completed by physiotherapists in order to reveal the upper extremity impact and performance of individuals with Type 2 diabetes in our country. Materials and Method: In the study, it was designed in a descriptive type by using the document analysis technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. In December 2022, using the key type II words “Type 2 diabetes”, “Type II diabetes”, “Type 2 diabetes mellitus”, “Type II diabetes mellitus” in the database of the Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education, the postgraduate studies carried out by physiotherapists reached. Of these theses, those made by physiotherapists on the upper extremity were filtered and 4 postgraduate studies that met the inclusion criteria were examined. Results: It was determined that there were 4 master thesis studies between 2020-2022 by physiotherapists revealing upper extremity involvement in individuals with Type 2 diabetes. The studies were designed as a review/comparison study; It was determined that upper extremity evaluation methods, which are frequently used in the literature, were used in the studies, and evaluation parameters that reveal the functionality of the shoulder and hand were preferred. Conclusion: By making classifications in various categories (neuropathy, insulin use, medical treatment, etc.) in diabetic individuals, the level of influence of individuals should be revealed with a multidisciplinary approach. Researchers should inform patients about possible risks, such as diabetic hand, by revealing possible upper extremity complications that may develop due to diabetes. We believe that the effectiveness of rehabilitation approaches can be increased, health expenditures and disability status of individuals can be reduced by determining the level of influence of the upper extremity, which has very important functions for daily living activities.

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

  • Bruder, A., Taylor, N. F., Dodd, K. J., & Shields, N. (2011). Exercise reduces impairment and improves activity in people after some upper limb fractures: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 57(2), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(11)70017-0
  • Ceyhan, A.F. (2022). Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda üst ve alt ekstremite kas kuvveti, fonksiyonel egzersiz kapasitesi, denge ve yaşam kalitesinin sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Hatay.
  • Coşansu, G. (2015). Diyabet: Küresel bir salgın hastalık. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi, 31, 1-6. https://doi.org/:10.5222/otd.2015.001
  • Dinçel, H. (2020). Diyabetik periferik nöropatisi olan ve olmayan tip 2 diabetes mellituslu olgular ile sağlıklı bireylerde fonksiyonel egzersiz kapasitesi, kas kuvveti, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • El-Shamy, S., & Alsharif, R. (2017). Effect of virtual reality versus conventional physiotherapy on upper extremity function in children with obstetric brachial plexus injury. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions, 17(4), 319-326. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5749040/pdf/JMNI-17-319.pdf
  • Eraydin, Ş., & Avşar, G. (2018). The effect of foot exercises on wound healing in type 2 diabetic patients with a foot ulcer. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 45(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1097/WON.0000000000000405
  • Fitzgibbons, P.G., & Weiss, A.P. (2008). Hand manifestations of diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Hand Surgery 33, 71-775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.01.038
  • Gamstedt, A., Holm-Glad, J., Ohlson, C.G., & Sundstrom, M. (1993). Hand abnormalities are strongly associated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Internal Medicine, 234(2), 189-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00729.x.
  • Goyal, A., Tiwari, V., & Gupta, Y. (2018). Diabetic hand: a neglected complication of diabetes mellitus. Cureus, 10(6), e2772. https://doi.org/ 10.7759/cureus.2772
  • Hamdy, G., Amin, M., & Rashad, A. (2013). Pulmonary function changes in diabetic lung. Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, 62(3), 513-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcdt.2013.07.006
  • Hastings, M. K., Jeong, H. J., Sorensen, C. J., Zellers, J. A., Chen, L., Bohnert, K. L., Snozek, D., & Mueller, M. J. (2020). Relationships within and between lower and upper extremity dysfunction in people with diabetes. The Foot, 44, 101680. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foot.2020.101680
  • Janssen, S. M., & Connelly, D. M. (2021). The effects of exercise interventions on physical function tests and glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 28, 283-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.022
  • Kaur, J., Singh, S. K., & Singhvij, J. (2015). Physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the management of diabetes mellitus: A review. Indian Journal of Scientific Research, 6(2), 171-181. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303182927_Physiotherapy_and_ rehabilitation_in_the_management_of_Diabetes_mellitus_A_Review
  • Kerimov, K., Benlidayi, I. C., Ozdemir, C., & Gunasti, O. (2021). The effects of upper extremity ısokinetic strengthening in post-stroke hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 30(6), 105729. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105729
  • Kidwai, S.S., Wahid, L., Siddiqi, S.A., Khan, R.M., Ghauri, I., & Sheikh, I. (2013). Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities in type 2 diabetic patients in low socioeconomic strata in Pakistan. BMC Research Notes, 17(6), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-16.
  • Kohei, K. (2010) Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Treatment Policy. Japan Medical Association Journal, 53(1), 41-46. https://www.med.or.jp/english/journal/pdf/2010_01/041_046.pdf
  • Kutlu, S. (2021). Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda kuvvetlendirme egzersizlerinin omuz pozisyon hissine etkisi. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep.
  • Kuzu, F., Öz, İ., & Bayraktaroğlu, T. (2017). Diyabetik el komplikasyonlu bir tip 2 diabetes mellitus olgusu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi, 1(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.25048/tjdo.2017.14
  • Labuschagne, A. (2003). Qualitative research: Airy fairy or fundamental? The Qualitative Report, 8(1), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2003.1901
  • Lundbaek, K. (1957). Stiff hands in long-term diabetes. Acta Medica Scandinavica, 158(6),447-451. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb15511.x
  • Mateos-Toset, S., Cabrera-Martos, I., Torres-Sanchez, I., Ortiz-Rubio, A., Gonzalez-Jimenez, E., & Valenza, M. C. (2016). Effects of a single hand-exercise session on manual dexterity and strength in persons with parkinson disease: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation, 8(2), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.06.004
  • Nguyen, T. P. L., Edwards, H., Do, T. N. D., & Finlayson, K. (2019). Effectiveness of a theory-based foot care education program (3STEPFUN) in improving foot self-care behaviours and foot risk factors for ulceration in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 152, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.003
  • Nomura, T., Kawae, T., Kataoka, H., & Ikeda, Y. (2018). Assessment of lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise therapy in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 23(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-018-0710-7
  • Özgür, E. (2021). Tı̇p 2 dı̇yabetes mellı̇tus hastalarında elı̇n fı̇zı̇ksel özellı̇klerı̇, duyu algılaması ve fonksı̇yonel durumun ı̇ncelenmesı̇. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli.
  • Ramchurn, N., Mashamba, C., Leitch, E., Arutchelvam, V., Narayanan, K., Weaver, J., Hamilton, J., Heycock, C., Saravanan, V., & Kelly, C. (2009). Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities and poor metabolic control in diabetes. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 20(7), 718-721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2009.08.001
  • Renard, E., Jacques, D., Chammas, M., Poirier J.L., Bonifacj, C., Jaffiol, C., Simon, L., & Allieu, Y. (1994). Increased prevalence of soft tissue hand lesions in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: various entities and associated significance. Diabete Metabolisme. 20, 513-521. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7713273/
  • Shah, K. M., Clark, B. R., McGill, J. B., & Mueller, M. J. (2015a). Upper extremity impairments, pain and disability in patients with diabetes mellitus. Physiotherapy, 101(2), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2014.07.003
  • Shah, K.M., Ruth Clark, B., McGill, J.B., Lang, C.E., & Mueller, M.J. (2015b). Shoulder limited joint mobility in people with diabetes mellitus. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 30(3), 308–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2014.12.013
  • Singh, S., Jajoo, S., Shukla, S., & Acharya, S. (2020). Educating patients of diabetes mellitus for diabetic foot care. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(1), 367. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_861_19
  • Thorat, K. D., & Ganvir, S. (2015). Effectiveness of strength training on hand function in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research, 4(4), 69–77. https://www.ijbamr.com/assets/images/issues/pdf/September%202015%20%2069-77.pdf.pdf
  • Vongsirinavarat, M., Mathiyakom, W., Kraiwong, R., & Hiengkaew, V. (2020). Fear of falling, lower extremity strength, and physical and balance performance in older adults with diabetes mellitus. 1-8. Journal of Diabetes Research, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8573817
  • Yeh, C., Kapila, R., & Schwartz, R. A. (2019). Nontropical diabetic hand syndrome: A troubling new entity. Dermatologic Therapy, 32(6), e13125. https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13125
  • Yerlikaya, T., Çalık, B. B., Cavlak, U., & Sirkeci, Ö. (2021). Upper extremity functioning in ındividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Comparative Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 11(2), 330-335. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.723847
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri, Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.

Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Üst Ekstremitenin Ele Alındığı ve Fizyoterapistler Tarafından Tamamlanmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 142 - 151, 14.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1249839

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı ülkemizde Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerin üst ekstremite etkilenimini ve performansını ortaya koymak amacıyla fizyoterapistler tarafından tamamlanmış lisansüstü tezleri incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden döküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılarak tanımlayıcı türde tasarlandı. Aralık 2022 tarihinde Yükseköğretim Kurumu Başkanlığı Tez Merkezi veri tabanında “Tip 2 diyabet”, “Tip II diyabet”, “Tip 2 diabetes mellitus”, “Tip II diabetes mellitus” anahtar sözcükler kullanılarak fizyoterapistlerin gerçekleştirdiği lisansüstü çalışmalara ulaşıldı. Bu tezlerden üst ekstremite üzerine fizyoterapistler tarafından yapılmış olanları filtrelendi ve dahil edilme kriterlerini sağlayan 4 lisansüstü çalışma incelendi. Bulgular: 2020-2022 tarihleri arasında fizyoterapistler tarafından Tip 2 diyabetli bireylerde üst ekstremite etkilenimini ortaya koyan 4 yüksek lisans tez çalışması olduğu tespit edildi. Araştırmaların inceleme/karşılaştırma çalışması olarak tasarlandığı; çalışmalarda literatürde de sıklıkla kullanılan üst ekstremite değerlendirme yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı, omuz ve elin fonksiyonelliğini ortaya koyan değerlendirme parametrelerinin tercih edildiği belirlendi. Sonuç: Diyabetik bireylerde çeşitli kategoride sınıflandırmalar yapılarak (nöropati, insülin kullanımı, medikal tedavi vb) bireylerin etkilenim düzeyleri multidisipliner bir yaklaşımla ortaya konmalıdır. Araştırmacılar diyabet nedeniyle gelişebilecek muhtemel üst ekstremite komplikasyonlarını ortaya koyarak diyabetik el gibi olası risklere karşı hastaları bilgilendirmelidir. Günlük yaşam aktiviteleri için oldukça önemli fonksiyonları olan üst ekstremitenin etkilenim düzeyinin tespit edilmesi ile rehabilitasyon yaklaşımlarının etkinliğinin arttırılabileceği, sağlık harcamalarının ve bireylerin özür durumlarının azaltılabileceği kanısındayız.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Eleştiri ve önerileriniz için teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  • Bruder, A., Taylor, N. F., Dodd, K. J., & Shields, N. (2011). Exercise reduces impairment and improves activity in people after some upper limb fractures: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy, 57(2), 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1836-9553(11)70017-0
  • Ceyhan, A.F. (2022). Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda üst ve alt ekstremite kas kuvveti, fonksiyonel egzersiz kapasitesi, denge ve yaşam kalitesinin sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılması. [Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Hatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Hatay.
  • Coşansu, G. (2015). Diyabet: Küresel bir salgın hastalık. Okmeydanı Tıp Dergisi, 31, 1-6. https://doi.org/:10.5222/otd.2015.001
  • Dinçel, H. (2020). Diyabetik periferik nöropatisi olan ve olmayan tip 2 diabetes mellituslu olgular ile sağlıklı bireylerde fonksiyonel egzersiz kapasitesi, kas kuvveti, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • El-Shamy, S., & Alsharif, R. (2017). Effect of virtual reality versus conventional physiotherapy on upper extremity function in children with obstetric brachial plexus injury. Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions, 17(4), 319-326. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5749040/pdf/JMNI-17-319.pdf
  • Eraydin, Ş., & Avşar, G. (2018). The effect of foot exercises on wound healing in type 2 diabetic patients with a foot ulcer. Journal of Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 45(2), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1097/WON.0000000000000405
  • Fitzgibbons, P.G., & Weiss, A.P. (2008). Hand manifestations of diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Hand Surgery 33, 71-775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2008.01.038
  • Gamstedt, A., Holm-Glad, J., Ohlson, C.G., & Sundstrom, M. (1993). Hand abnormalities are strongly associated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. Journal of Internal Medicine, 234(2), 189-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00729.x.
  • Goyal, A., Tiwari, V., & Gupta, Y. (2018). Diabetic hand: a neglected complication of diabetes mellitus. Cureus, 10(6), e2772. https://doi.org/ 10.7759/cureus.2772
  • Hamdy, G., Amin, M., & Rashad, A. (2013). Pulmonary function changes in diabetic lung. Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, 62(3), 513-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcdt.2013.07.006
  • Hastings, M. K., Jeong, H. J., Sorensen, C. J., Zellers, J. A., Chen, L., Bohnert, K. L., Snozek, D., & Mueller, M. J. (2020). Relationships within and between lower and upper extremity dysfunction in people with diabetes. The Foot, 44, 101680. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.foot.2020.101680
  • Janssen, S. M., & Connelly, D. M. (2021). The effects of exercise interventions on physical function tests and glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 28, 283-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.022
  • Kaur, J., Singh, S. K., & Singhvij, J. (2015). Physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the management of diabetes mellitus: A review. Indian Journal of Scientific Research, 6(2), 171-181. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303182927_Physiotherapy_and_ rehabilitation_in_the_management_of_Diabetes_mellitus_A_Review
  • Kerimov, K., Benlidayi, I. C., Ozdemir, C., & Gunasti, O. (2021). The effects of upper extremity ısokinetic strengthening in post-stroke hemiplegia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 30(6), 105729. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105729
  • Kidwai, S.S., Wahid, L., Siddiqi, S.A., Khan, R.M., Ghauri, I., & Sheikh, I. (2013). Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities in type 2 diabetic patients in low socioeconomic strata in Pakistan. BMC Research Notes, 17(6), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-16.
  • Kohei, K. (2010) Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Treatment Policy. Japan Medical Association Journal, 53(1), 41-46. https://www.med.or.jp/english/journal/pdf/2010_01/041_046.pdf
  • Kutlu, S. (2021). Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda kuvvetlendirme egzersizlerinin omuz pozisyon hissine etkisi. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Gaziantep.
  • Kuzu, F., Öz, İ., & Bayraktaroğlu, T. (2017). Diyabetik el komplikasyonlu bir tip 2 diabetes mellitus olgusu ve literatürün gözden geçirilmesi. Türkiye Diyabet ve Obezite Dergisi, 1(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.25048/tjdo.2017.14
  • Labuschagne, A. (2003). Qualitative research: Airy fairy or fundamental? The Qualitative Report, 8(1), 100-103. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2003.1901
  • Lundbaek, K. (1957). Stiff hands in long-term diabetes. Acta Medica Scandinavica, 158(6),447-451. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1957.tb15511.x
  • Mateos-Toset, S., Cabrera-Martos, I., Torres-Sanchez, I., Ortiz-Rubio, A., Gonzalez-Jimenez, E., & Valenza, M. C. (2016). Effects of a single hand-exercise session on manual dexterity and strength in persons with parkinson disease: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation, 8(2), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.06.004
  • Nguyen, T. P. L., Edwards, H., Do, T. N. D., & Finlayson, K. (2019). Effectiveness of a theory-based foot care education program (3STEPFUN) in improving foot self-care behaviours and foot risk factors for ulceration in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 152, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.003
  • Nomura, T., Kawae, T., Kataoka, H., & Ikeda, Y. (2018). Assessment of lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise therapy in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 23(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-018-0710-7
  • Özgür, E. (2021). Tı̇p 2 dı̇yabetes mellı̇tus hastalarında elı̇n fı̇zı̇ksel özellı̇klerı̇, duyu algılaması ve fonksı̇yonel durumun ı̇ncelenmesı̇. [Yayınlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi], Pamukkale Üniversitesi, Denizli.
  • Ramchurn, N., Mashamba, C., Leitch, E., Arutchelvam, V., Narayanan, K., Weaver, J., Hamilton, J., Heycock, C., Saravanan, V., & Kelly, C. (2009). Upper limb musculoskeletal abnormalities and poor metabolic control in diabetes. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 20(7), 718-721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2009.08.001
  • Renard, E., Jacques, D., Chammas, M., Poirier J.L., Bonifacj, C., Jaffiol, C., Simon, L., & Allieu, Y. (1994). Increased prevalence of soft tissue hand lesions in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: various entities and associated significance. Diabete Metabolisme. 20, 513-521. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7713273/
  • Shah, K. M., Clark, B. R., McGill, J. B., & Mueller, M. J. (2015a). Upper extremity impairments, pain and disability in patients with diabetes mellitus. Physiotherapy, 101(2), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2014.07.003
  • Shah, K.M., Ruth Clark, B., McGill, J.B., Lang, C.E., & Mueller, M.J. (2015b). Shoulder limited joint mobility in people with diabetes mellitus. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 30(3), 308–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2014.12.013
  • Singh, S., Jajoo, S., Shukla, S., & Acharya, S. (2020). Educating patients of diabetes mellitus for diabetic foot care. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(1), 367. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_861_19
  • Thorat, K. D., & Ganvir, S. (2015). Effectiveness of strength training on hand function in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research, 4(4), 69–77. https://www.ijbamr.com/assets/images/issues/pdf/September%202015%20%2069-77.pdf.pdf
  • Vongsirinavarat, M., Mathiyakom, W., Kraiwong, R., & Hiengkaew, V. (2020). Fear of falling, lower extremity strength, and physical and balance performance in older adults with diabetes mellitus. 1-8. Journal of Diabetes Research, https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8573817
  • Yeh, C., Kapila, R., & Schwartz, R. A. (2019). Nontropical diabetic hand syndrome: A troubling new entity. Dermatologic Therapy, 32(6), e13125. https://doi.org/10.1111/dth.13125
  • Yerlikaya, T., Çalık, B. B., Cavlak, U., & Sirkeci, Ö. (2021). Upper extremity functioning in ındividuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A Comparative Study. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 11(2), 330-335. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.723847
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri, Seçkin Akademik ve Mesleki Yayınlar.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ali Ceylan 0000-0001-7440-6714

Ertuğrul Demirdel 0000-0002-7139-0523

Proje Numarası Yok
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 3 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 14 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ceylan, A., & Demirdel, E. (2023). Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Üst Ekstremitenin Ele Alındığı ve Fizyoterapistler Tarafından Tamamlanmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi: Nitel Bir Çalışma. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 142-151. https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1249839