ABD’nin Afganistan'da Kamu Diplomasisi ve Güvenlik Uygulama Örnekleri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 164 - 191, 29.06.2022

Mert Ünlü

Öz

Bu çalışma ile dış politikada bir yumuşak güç aracı olarak kamu diplomasisi kavramının güvenlik politikaları ve uygulamaları ile ilişkileri ve katkıları, ABD’nin Afganistan uygulamaları üzerinden incelenmiştir. Kamu diplomasisinin, bir güvenlik yaklaşımı olarak güvenlikleştirme uygulamalarındaki önemi, kamu diplomasi uygulamalarında bir veri kaynağı olarak sosyokültürel istihbaratın insani müdahalelerdeki önemi ve bir uygulama alanı olarak terörle mücadele uygulamaları ile etkileşimi üzerine araştırmalar yapılmıştır. İncelenen yaklaşım ve uygulamalar ABD’nin Afganistan’a müdahalesi üzerinden örneklendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar sonucunda, devletlerin yumuşak güç aracı olarak kullandığı kamu diplomasisin, güvelik başlığındaki uygulamalardan beslendiği gibi aynı şekilde akıllı güç uygulaması formatı ile güvenlik uygulamalarına destekleyici bir çalışmada etkin olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. ABD’nin Afganistan’dan geri çekilmesinin nedeninin, sert güç üretiminin yumuşak güç üretiminin çok daha fazla olmasından kaynaklı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu Diplomasisi, Sosyokültürel İstihbarat, Güvenlik, İnsani Müdahale, Terörle Mücadele, Afganistan, ABD

US Public Diplomacy and Security Cases in Afghanistan

Öz

In this study, the relations and contributions of the concept of public diplomacy as a soft power tool in foreign policy with security policies and practices were examined through the US practices in Afghanistan. Research has been conducted on the fields of public diplomacy in securitization practices as a security approach, the importance of sociocultural intelligence as a data source in public diplomacy practices in humanitarian interventions, and its interaction with counter-terrorism practices. The examined approaches and practices are exemplified through the US intervention in Afghanistan. As a result of these studies, it has been concluded that public diplomacy, a concept which was used as a soft power tool by the states, can effectively be used for studies supporting security applications with the implementation of smart power format and can be nourished through these concepts as it was nourished from the applications stated on the security topic. It has been concluded that the USA's withdrawal from Afghanistan is due to the fact that the production of hard power is much higher than the production of soft power.

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