Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?

Yıl 2022, , 68 - 77, 16.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yaşlılara COVID-19’un nereden ve nasıl bulaştığını araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak yürütülen çalışmanın örneklemi Ankara Şehir Hastanesinde COVID-19 tanısı konan ve yaş ortalaması 66,98 ± 5,98 olan 164 yaşlı bireyden oluştu. Çalışma 25 Şubat- 29 Mart 2021 tarihinde acil servis COVID-19 biriminde yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formuyla toplanan veriler Ki Kare testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada asemptomatik ve pre-semptomatik bulaşma oranı %40,2 olarak bulundu. Ev içi bulaş oranı pozitif olan bir kişiyle temasta bulunan katılımcılar içerisinde %57,9 olarak bulundu (p˂0,05). Ev içi bulaşta en önemli kaynak kişi sırasıyla eş ve çocuk, ev dışı bulaşta ise sırasıyla komşu, arkadaş ve akrabaydı. Ev dışı bulaşta "Bu kişiyle son 14 gün içerisinde kaç gün beraber oldunuz?" sorusuna en yüksek oranda sırasıyla "2 gün" ve "1 gün" cevapları alındı (p˂0,05). "Sosyal mesafe?" sorusunda ise en yüksek oranda verilen cevap "1,5 metreden az mesafe" olarak gerçekleşti (p˂0,05). Bulaşmanın gerçekleştiği yer sorusuna "kendi evimde"; zaman sorusuna "1 saat"; kaç gün oldu sorusuna "3 gün oldu" cevapları en yüksek oranda alınan cevaplardı. Virüsün nereden bulaştığı kesin belli olmayan katılımcıların ise, son 14 gün içerisinde seyahate çıktığı, evde misafir ağırladığı, düğün, cenaze, pazar, cami ve hastaneye gittiği belirlendi. Öneriler: Okullarda, iş yerlerinde toplumun bir arada bulunduğu yerlerde rutin serolojik taramaların yapılması önerilir.

Kaynakça

  • Breyer MK, Breyer-Kohansal R, Hartl S, Kundi M, Weseslindtner L, Stiasny K, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Schrott A, Födinger M, Binder M, Fiedler M, Wouters E, Burghuber OC. (2021). Low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the Austrian capital after an early governmental lockdown. Scientific reports, 11(1): 10158. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89711-5
  • Buran D, İlhan MN. (2021). COVID-19: Korunma Stratejileri. Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Dergisi, 2 (2): 64-72.
  • Catching A, Capponi S, Yeh MT, Bianco S, Andino R. (2021). Examining the interplay between face mask usage, asymptomatic transmission, and social distancing on the spread of COVID-19. Sci Rep, 11, 15998. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94960-5
  • Chaabn, K, Doraiswamy S, Mamtani R, Cheema S. (2021). Facemask use in community settings to prevent respiratory infection transmission: A rapid review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 104, 198–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1434
  • Chen G, Wu MZ, Qin CJ, Wu BB, Luo WR, Liu L, Liu JY. (2020). Epidemiological analysis of 18 patients with COVID-19. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 24 (23): 12522–12526. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202012_24049
  • Chun JY, Baek G, Kim Y. (2020). Transmission onset distribution of COVID-19. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 99, 403–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.075
  • Dahlan M, Bustami MR, Makmur, Mas’ulah S. (2021). The Islamic principle of ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life) and COVID-19 in Indonesia: A case study of nurul iman mosque of Bengkulu city. Heliyon, 7 (7), e07541. Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07541
  • Elgazzar AS. (2021). "Simple mathematical models for controlling COVID-19 transmission through social distancing and community awareness" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 76 (9-10): 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2021-0004
  • Issakhov A, Zhandaule, Y, Omarova P, Alimbek A, Borsikbayeva A, Mustafayeva A. (2021). A numerical assessment of social distancing of preventing airborne transmission of COVID-19 during different breathing and coughing processes. Sci Rep 11, 9412. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88645-2
  • Kitahara M, Yamagishi T, Tsukada S, Sudo Y, Yoshida T, Sunagawa T, Suzuki M. (2021). Transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 before and after symptom onset of the infector. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2021.230. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.7883/yoken.JJID.2021.230
  • Li Y, Liang M, Gao L, Ayaz Ahmed M, Uy JP, Cheng C, Zhou Q, Sun C. (2021). Face masks to prevent transmission of COVID-19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. American Journal of Infection Control, 49 (7): 900–906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.12.007
  • Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. (2020). Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J Infect, 80 (6): 14-18.
  • Madewell ZJ, Yang Y, Longini Jr IM, Halloran ME, Dean NE. (2021). Factors associated with household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA network open, 4(8): e2122240. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22240
  • Mehta SH, Clipman SJ, Wesolowski A, Solomon SS. (2021). Holiday gatherings, mobility and SARS-CoV-2 transmission: results from 10 US states following Thanksgiving. Scientific reports, 11(1): 17328. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96779-6
  • Ng OT, Marimuth, K, Koh V, Pang J, Linn KZ, Sun J, De Wang L, Chia WN, Tiu C, Chan M, Ling LM, Vasoo S, Abdad MY, Chia PY, Lee TH, Lin RJ, Sadarangani SP, Chen MI, Said Z, Kurupatham L, Pung R, Wong LF, Cook AR, Leo YS, Lee VJ. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and transmission risk factors among high-risk close contacts: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 21 (3): 333–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30833-1
  • Pontes GS, de Melo Silva J, Pinheiro-Silva R, Barbosa AN, Santos LC, de Pádua Quirino Ramalho A, de Castro Alves CE, da Silv, DF, de Oliveira LC, da Costa AG, Bruno AC. (2021). Increased vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection among indigenous people living in the urban area of Manaus. Scientific reports, 11 (1): 17534. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96843-1
  • Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, Cannizzaro F, Montanaro C, Ponzio GV, Tamburro M. (2021). A Coronavirus outbreak linked to a funeral among a Romani community in central Italy. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 626. DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.617264
  • Sardar T, Rana S. (2021). Effective lockdown and role of hospital-based COVID-19 transmission in some Indian States: An outbreak risk analysis. Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 10.1111/risa.13781. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13781
  • Shakiba M, Nazemipour M, Heidarzadeh A, Mansournia MA. (2020). Prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection using a seroepidemiological survey. Epidemiology and Infection, 148, e300. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820002745
  • T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Genel Bilgiler Epidemiyoloji ve Tanı. Bilimsel Danışma Kurulu Çalışması, 7 Aralık 2020, Ankara. Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2021, https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39551/0/covid-19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf.pdf
  • Tanaka H, Ogata T, Morisada K, Tanaka S, Yoshida T, Nakanishi H, Misawa A, Nishida T, Tetsu O, Nagata M, Nakazato E. (2021). [Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese Journal of Public Health, 68(8), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.20-145
  • Yang Z.(2021).Analysis of dynamic contact network of patients with COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province of China.Scientific Reports,11(1):4889. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84428-x
  • Yao L, Tang P, Jiang H, Gu B, Xu P, Wang X, Yu X, Zhang J, Pang Y, Wu M. (2021). Household clusters of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou, China. BioMed Research International, 5565549. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5565549
  • Zhang Y, Muscatello D, Tian Y, Chen Y, Li S, Duan W, Ma C, Sun Y, Wu S, Ge L, Yang P, Jia L, Wang Q, MacIntyre CR. (2021). Role of presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19: evidence from Beijing, China. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 75 (1): 84–87. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214635

Where and How Did the Disease Infect the Elderly Who Were Diagnosed with COVID-19?

Yıl 2022, , 68 - 77, 16.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724

Öz

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate where and how did the COVID-19 infected the elderly. Methods: The sample of the cross-sectional study consisted of 164 elderly individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in Ankara City Hospital with a mean age of 66.98 ± 5.98 years. The study was carried out by the face-to-face interview method in the COVID-19 emergency service unit between February 25th and March 29th, 2021. The data collected by the questionnaire form was prepared and then analyzed by the researchers with the Chi-Square test. Results: Asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic transmission rate was found to be 40,2% in the study. The rate of household transmission was found to be 57.9% for participants who had contact with a COVID-19 positive person (p˂0,05). While the most important source of transmission in the household was found to be the spouse and children, the source of transmission became the neighbors, friends and relatives respectively, regarding non-domestic places and areas. Concerning the question of "How many days have you been with this person in the last 14 days?"; answers of "2 days" and "1 day" were received at the highest rate, respectively (p˂0,05). Regarding the question of “social distance”; the highest rate of answer was "less than 1.5 meters" (p˂0,05). With regards to the question of where the transmission occurred; "in my own home"; to the question of the time; "1 hour"; to the question of how many days it has been, "It has been 3 days", were the answers received at the highest rate. It was determined that the participants, who were not sure where the virus was transmitted from, have traveled, hosted guests, went to weddings, funerals, markets, mosques and hospitals in the last 14 days. Suggestions: Routine serological screenings are recommended in schools, workplaces and in spaces and areas where the community gets together/gathers.

Kaynakça

  • Breyer MK, Breyer-Kohansal R, Hartl S, Kundi M, Weseslindtner L, Stiasny K, Puchhammer-Stöckl E, Schrott A, Födinger M, Binder M, Fiedler M, Wouters E, Burghuber OC. (2021). Low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the Austrian capital after an early governmental lockdown. Scientific reports, 11(1): 10158. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89711-5
  • Buran D, İlhan MN. (2021). COVID-19: Korunma Stratejileri. Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Dergisi, 2 (2): 64-72.
  • Catching A, Capponi S, Yeh MT, Bianco S, Andino R. (2021). Examining the interplay between face mask usage, asymptomatic transmission, and social distancing on the spread of COVID-19. Sci Rep, 11, 15998. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94960-5
  • Chaabn, K, Doraiswamy S, Mamtani R, Cheema S. (2021). Facemask use in community settings to prevent respiratory infection transmission: A rapid review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 104, 198–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1434
  • Chen G, Wu MZ, Qin CJ, Wu BB, Luo WR, Liu L, Liu JY. (2020). Epidemiological analysis of 18 patients with COVID-19. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 24 (23): 12522–12526. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202012_24049
  • Chun JY, Baek G, Kim Y. (2020). Transmission onset distribution of COVID-19. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 99, 403–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.075
  • Dahlan M, Bustami MR, Makmur, Mas’ulah S. (2021). The Islamic principle of ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life) and COVID-19 in Indonesia: A case study of nurul iman mosque of Bengkulu city. Heliyon, 7 (7), e07541. Doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07541
  • Elgazzar AS. (2021). "Simple mathematical models for controlling COVID-19 transmission through social distancing and community awareness" Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 76 (9-10): 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1515/znc-2021-0004
  • Issakhov A, Zhandaule, Y, Omarova P, Alimbek A, Borsikbayeva A, Mustafayeva A. (2021). A numerical assessment of social distancing of preventing airborne transmission of COVID-19 during different breathing and coughing processes. Sci Rep 11, 9412. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88645-2
  • Kitahara M, Yamagishi T, Tsukada S, Sudo Y, Yoshida T, Sunagawa T, Suzuki M. (2021). Transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 before and after symptom onset of the infector. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2021.230. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.7883/yoken.JJID.2021.230
  • Li Y, Liang M, Gao L, Ayaz Ahmed M, Uy JP, Cheng C, Zhou Q, Sun C. (2021). Face masks to prevent transmission of COVID-19: A systematic review and metaanalysis. American Journal of Infection Control, 49 (7): 900–906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.12.007
  • Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. (2020). Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: a comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J Infect, 80 (6): 14-18.
  • Madewell ZJ, Yang Y, Longini Jr IM, Halloran ME, Dean NE. (2021). Factors associated with household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA network open, 4(8): e2122240. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22240
  • Mehta SH, Clipman SJ, Wesolowski A, Solomon SS. (2021). Holiday gatherings, mobility and SARS-CoV-2 transmission: results from 10 US states following Thanksgiving. Scientific reports, 11(1): 17328. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96779-6
  • Ng OT, Marimuth, K, Koh V, Pang J, Linn KZ, Sun J, De Wang L, Chia WN, Tiu C, Chan M, Ling LM, Vasoo S, Abdad MY, Chia PY, Lee TH, Lin RJ, Sadarangani SP, Chen MI, Said Z, Kurupatham L, Pung R, Wong LF, Cook AR, Leo YS, Lee VJ. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and transmission risk factors among high-risk close contacts: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 21 (3): 333–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30833-1
  • Pontes GS, de Melo Silva J, Pinheiro-Silva R, Barbosa AN, Santos LC, de Pádua Quirino Ramalho A, de Castro Alves CE, da Silv, DF, de Oliveira LC, da Costa AG, Bruno AC. (2021). Increased vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 infection among indigenous people living in the urban area of Manaus. Scientific reports, 11 (1): 17534. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96843-1
  • Ripabelli G, Sammarco ML, Cannizzaro F, Montanaro C, Ponzio GV, Tamburro M. (2021). A Coronavirus outbreak linked to a funeral among a Romani community in central Italy. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 626. DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.617264
  • Sardar T, Rana S. (2021). Effective lockdown and role of hospital-based COVID-19 transmission in some Indian States: An outbreak risk analysis. Risk Analysis: An Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 10.1111/risa.13781. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.13781
  • Shakiba M, Nazemipour M, Heidarzadeh A, Mansournia MA. (2020). Prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 infection using a seroepidemiological survey. Epidemiology and Infection, 148, e300. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820002745
  • T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Genel Bilgiler Epidemiyoloji ve Tanı. Bilimsel Danışma Kurulu Çalışması, 7 Aralık 2020, Ankara. Erişim Tarihi: 15.10.2021, https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/39551/0/covid-19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf.pdf
  • Tanaka H, Ogata T, Morisada K, Tanaka S, Yoshida T, Nakanishi H, Misawa A, Nishida T, Tetsu O, Nagata M, Nakazato E. (2021). [Nihon koshu eisei zasshi] Japanese Journal of Public Health, 68(8), 550–558. https://doi.org/10.11236/jph.20-145
  • Yang Z.(2021).Analysis of dynamic contact network of patients with COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province of China.Scientific Reports,11(1):4889. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84428-x
  • Yao L, Tang P, Jiang H, Gu B, Xu P, Wang X, Yu X, Zhang J, Pang Y, Wu M. (2021). Household clusters of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Suzhou, China. BioMed Research International, 5565549. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5565549
  • Zhang Y, Muscatello D, Tian Y, Chen Y, Li S, Duan W, Ma C, Sun Y, Wu S, Ge L, Yang P, Jia L, Wang Q, MacIntyre CR. (2021). Role of presymptomatic transmission of COVID-19: evidence from Beijing, China. Journal of epidemiology and community health, 75 (1): 84–87. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214635
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Tahsin Barış Değer 0000-0002-4231-0782

Resul Doğan 0000-0001-8497-8791

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Mayıs 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Kasım 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Değer, T. B., & Doğan, R. (2022). COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724
AMA Değer TB, Doğan R. COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?. AvrasyaSBD. Mayıs 2022;5(2):68-77. doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724
Chicago Değer, Tahsin Barış, ve Resul Doğan. “COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık Nereden Ve nasıl bulaştı?”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5, sy. 2 (Mayıs 2022): 68-77. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724.
EndNote Değer TB, Doğan R (01 Mayıs 2022) COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5 2 68–77.
IEEE T. B. Değer ve R. Doğan, “COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?”, AvrasyaSBD, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 68–77, 2022, doi: 10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724.
ISNAD Değer, Tahsin Barış - Doğan, Resul. “COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık Nereden Ve nasıl bulaştı?”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 5/2 (Mayıs 2022), 68-77. https://doi.org/10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724.
JAMA Değer TB, Doğan R. COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?. AvrasyaSBD. 2022;5:68–77.
MLA Değer, Tahsin Barış ve Resul Doğan. “COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık Nereden Ve nasıl bulaştı?”. Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, 2022, ss. 68-77, doi:10.53493/avrasyasbd.1023724.
Vancouver Değer TB, Doğan R. COVID-19 tanılı yaşlılara hastalık nereden ve nasıl bulaştı?. AvrasyaSBD. 2022;5(2):68-77.