Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri

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doi:10.31682/ayna.1776854

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Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri

Öz

Diyabet yalnızca fiziksel sağlıkla sınırlı kalmayan, psikolojik zorlanmalarla da ilişkilendirilen yaygın bir endokrin bozukluktur. Diyabete eşlik eden psikolojik zorluklar, hastalığın yönetimini ve glisemik kontrolü olumsuz etkileyerek komplikasyon riskini ve sağlık maliyetlerini artırmaktadır. Biyopsikososyal yaklaşım temelinde, psikolojik süreçlerin diyabet yönetimindeki rolü önem kazanmaktadır. Alanyazında bu psikolojik zorlukların bir açıklayıcısı olarak hastalık temsillerine işaret edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, diyabet, diyabetin sınıflandırılması ve diyabet yaygınlığına dair bulguların yanı sıra, toplumda en sık görülen alt tip olarak Tip 2 diyabete eşlik eden psikolojik zorlanmalar ve bunların bir açıklayıcısı olarak hastalık temsillerinin ve sağlık sonuçları ile ilişkisinin ele alınması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, DergiPark veritabanları üzerinden güncel çalışmalara erişilmiştir. Konuyla ilgili gözden geçirilen çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre Tip 2 diyabet yaygınlığının dünya verileri ile tutarlı olarak, Türkiye’de de artış gösterdiği ve hastalıkla küresel bir mücadelenin gereklilik haline geldiği söylenebilir. Hastalıklara anlam vermek üzere geliştirilmiş zihinsel temsiller ise, hastalık yönetme motivasyonlarının anlaşılmasında önemlidir. Hastaların zamanla daha tutarlı temsiller geliştirdikleri ve bu temsil biçimlerinin tedaviye uyum, metabolik kontrol ve sağlık davranışları ile ilişkili olduğu bildirilmektedir. Özellikle hastalığın kontrol edilebilir olarak algılanması, sağlıklı beslenme, insülin takibi ve egzersiz gibi davranışları olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Çalışmalar işlevsel olmayan hastalık temsillerinin değiştirilmesinin yanı sıra güçlü duygusal temsillerin göz ardı edilmemesi ve sosyal çevrenin (özellikle aile ve eş) bu temsiller üzerindeki etkisinin dikkate alınması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, hastalık temsillerine yönelik bireysel ve kültürel düzeyde müdahalelerin, diyabet yönetiminde önemli katkılar sağlayabileceği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psychological Aspects of Diabetes: Illness Representations as an Explanation for Psychological Distress in Type 2 Diabetes

Öz

Diabetes is a common endocrine disorder that affects both physical and mental health. Poor mental health can impair blood glucose control, increasing the risk of complications and healthcare costs. The biopsychosocial approach underscores the growing importance of psychological processes in diabetes management. Illness representations are suggested as an explanation for psychological distress. This study aims to address the psychological difficulties associated with Type 2 diabetes and the relationship between illness representations and health outcomes. For this purpose, current studies were accessed through Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and DergiPark databases. The results of the reviewed studies on this topic suggest that the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Türkiye is increasing, in line with global data, and that a worldwide fight against the disease is necessary. The illness representations developed to make sense of illness are meaningful in understanding motivations for disease management. Patients are reported to produce more consistent representations over time, which are associated with treatment adherence, metabolic control, and health behaviours. In particular, controllability beliefs positively influence healthy eating, insulin monitoring, and exercise. Studies emphasize that, in addition to changing dysfunctional illness representations, strong emotional representations should not be ignored, and the impact of the social environment (especially family and spouse) on these representations should be considered. In this sense, individual and cultural interventions for illness representations have the capacity to contribute to the management of diabetes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Teşekkür

Mevcut çalışma yazarın doktora tezinden türetilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Klinik Psikoloji, Sağlık Psikolojisi

Bölüm

Derleme

Yazarlar

Didem Acar ^*
0000-0002-3823-6081
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

2 Eylül 2025

Kabul Tarihi

15 Nisan 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1776854

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA95WY78JE

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Acar, D. (2026). Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 13(3), 534-568. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1776854

AMA

1.Acar D. Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2026;13(3):534-568. doi:10.31682/ayna.1776854

Chicago

Acar, Didem. 2026. “Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 13 (3): 534-68. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1776854.

EndNote

Acar D (01 Eylül 2026) Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 13 3 534–568.

IEEE

[1]D. Acar, “Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri”, AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, c. 13, sy 3, ss. 534–568, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.31682/ayna.1776854.

ISNAD

Acar, Didem. “Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi 13/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 534-568. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.1776854.

JAMA

1.Acar D. Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 2026;13:534–568.

MLA

Acar, Didem. “Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri”. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, c. 13, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 534-68, doi:10.31682/ayna.1776854.

Vancouver

1.Didem Acar. Diyabetin Psikolojik Yönü: Tip 2 Diyabet Odağında Psikolojik Zorlanmaların Açıklayıcısı Olarak Hastalık Temsilleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi. 01 Eylül 2026;13(3):534-68. doi:10.31682/ayna.1776854