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Terapötik Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf ve Fototerapi Teknikleri

Yıl 2022, , 56 - 87, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.908235

Öz

Fotoğraf, anı zamanda dondurarak kayıt altına alabilmesiyle gerçekliğin güvenilir bir temsili kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda fotoğraf; belgesel, haber, reklam gibi pek çok farklı alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu yaygın kullanım alanlarının yanı sıra fotoğraftan terapötik bir araç olarak da faydalanılmaktadır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımının, psikolojik iyi oluşa katkı sağlama, öz-farkındalık kazandırma, öz-bilgiyi artırma, içgörü geliştirme vb. işlevleri vardır. En az diğer kullanım alanları kadar önemli olan fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımı, bu çalışmanın odağına alınmıştır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanım alanlarından birini fototerapi uygulamaları oluşturmaktadır. Fototerapi; fotoğrafın, ruh sağlığı uzmanları tarafından danışanlara yardım etmek amacıyla terapötik bir araç olarak kullanılmasıdır. Fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımına ve fototerapi uygulamalarına ilişkin zengin bir uluslararası literatür olmasına karşın fototerapötik uygulamalar, ülkemizde yeterince yaygın değildir. Uluslararası düzeyde geniş bir eğitim ve uygulama ağına sahip olan fototerapi uygulamalarının ülkemiz açısından da önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, fotoğrafın terapötik bir araç olarak kullanımını ve fototerapi tekniklerini; kuramsal görüşler, araştırmalar ve vaka çalışmaları çerçevesinde açıklayarak fototerapötik uygulamaların gelişimine katkı sağlamaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Arslan, Ö. (2020). 19. yüzyıl erken dönem psikiyatri fotoğrafçılığının gelişimi ve Hugh Welch Diamond. Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 25, 65-83.
  • Arslan, Ö. (2021). Terapötik oto-fotografi: Terapötik fotoğrafçılık ve benlik kavramına ilişkin bir uygulama. Kültür ve İletişim, 24(2)-(48), 406-450.
  • Benjamin, W. (2014). Fotografinin küçük tarihi (B. Tanyeri, Çev.). İstanbul: Altı Kırkbeş Yayınları.
  • Berger, J. (1995). Görme biçimleri (Y. Salman, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları (1972).
  • Berger, J. (2015). Bir fotoğrafı anlamak (B. Eyüboğlu, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları
  • Berman, L. (1993). Beyond the smile: The therapeutic use of the photograph. London: Routledge.
  • Chester, A. (2015). The permanent cloud and the passing storm: Photography and psychiatry in nineteenth- century Western Europe. Akademi (Academia) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.academia.edu/18812055/The_Permanent_Cloud_and_the_Passing_Storm_Photography_and_Psychiatry_in_Nineteenth-Century_Western_Europe.
  • Cornelison, F. S. ve Arsenian, J. (1960). A study of the response of psychotic patients to photographic self-image experience. Psychiatric Quarterly, 34, 1-8.
  • Cosden, C. ve Reynolds, D. (1982). Photography as therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 9, 19-23.
  • Darwin, C. (1872). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London: John Murray.
  • Decoster, V. A. ve Dickerson, J. (2014). The therapeutic use of photography in clinical social work: Evidence-based best practices. Social Work in Mental Health, 12(1), 1-19. doi: 10.1080/15332985.2013.812543
  • Demirbaş, H. ve Doğan, Y. B. (2002). Yatan alkol bağımlılarında projektif grup çalışması. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 3(2), 103-107.
  • Eubanks, P. K. (1997). Art is a visual language. Visual Art Research, 23 (1), 31-35.
  • Erwig, M., Smeltzer, K ve Wang, X. (2016). What is visual language? Journal of Visual Languages & Computing, 38, 9-17.
  • Diamond, H. (2010). On the application of photography to the physiognomic and mental phenomena of insanity. Psicoart (1-2010). Erişim adresi: https://psicoart.unibo.it/article/download/2090/1478. (1856).
  • Didi-Huberman, G. (2003). Invention of hysteria Charcot and the photographic iconography of the Salpêtrière. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.
  • Duchenne, G. B. A. (1862). Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine. Paris: Veuve J. Renouard.
  • Hall, D. G. (1980). Photography as a learning experience in self-perception [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. The University of Michigan.
  • Ghorbani, N., Watson, P. J. ve Hargis, M. B. (2008). Integrative self-knowledge scale: Correlations and incremental validity of a cross-cultural measure developed in Iran and the United States. The Journal of Psychology, 142(4), 395-412.
  • Gibson, N. (2017). Therapeutic photography: Enhancing patient communication. Journal of Kidney Care, 2(1), 46- 47.
  • Gibson, N. (2018). Therapeutic photography: Enhancing self-esteem, self-efficacy and resilience. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Gilman, S. L. (1976). The face of madness: Hugh W. Diamond and psychiatric photography. Vermont: Echopoint Books.
  • Glover-Graf, N. M. ve Miller, E. (2006). The use of phototherapy in group treatment for persons who are chemically dependent. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 49(3), 166-181.
  • Glover, N. M. (1999). Play therapy and art therapy for persons who are in treatment for substance abuse and have a history of incest victimization. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 16, 281- 287.
  • Halkola, U. (2011). Introduction. İçinde U. Halkola, T. Koffert, L. Koulu, M. Krappala, D. Loewenthal, C. Parrella ve P. Pehunen (Edl.), Phototherapyeurope: Learning and healing with phototherapy handbook (ss. 4-8). University of Turku: Publications of the Brahea Centre for Training and Development.
  • Halkola, U. ve Koffert, T. (2011). The many stories of being. İçinde U. Halkola, T. Koffert, L. Koulu, M. Krappala, D. Loewenthal, C. Parrella ve P. Pehunen (Edl.), Phototherapyeurope: Learning and healing with phototherapy handbook (ss. 41-54). University of Turku: Publications of the Brahea Centre for Training and Development.
  • Hartley, L. (2001). A science of mind? Theories of nature, theories of man? İçinde Physiognomy and the Meaning of Expression in Nineteenth-Century Culture (ss.15-43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Jacobs, N. (2002, Spring). A picture unleashes a thousand words. Medhunters Magazine, 8-10.
  • Jung, C.G. (1964). Man and his symbols. NY: Garden City.
  • Kaslow, F.W. ve Friedman, J. (1977). Utilization of family photos and movies in family therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 3(1), 19-25.
  • Kopytin, A. (2004). Photography and art therapy: An easy partnership. Inscape, 9(2), 49-58.
  • Koretsky, P. (2001). Using photography in a therapeutic setting with seniors. Afterimage, 29(3), 8.
  • Krauss, D. A. (1983a). Reality, photography and psychotherapy. İçinde D.A. Krauss ve J.L. Fyrear (Edl.), Phototherapy in mental health (ss. 41-56). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas.
  • Krauss, D. A. (1983b). The visual metaphor: Some underlying assumptions of phototherapy. İçinde D.A. Krauss ve J. L. Fyrear (Edl.), Phototherapy in mental health (ss. 59-68). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas.
  • Loewenthal, D. (2013). Talking pictures therapy as brief therapy in a school setting. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 8(1), 21-34.
  • Markus, H. (1983). Self-knowledge: An expanded view. Journal of Personality, 51(3), 543-565.
  • McDonagh, A. (2001). Phototherapy: From ancient Egypt to the new millennium, Journal of Perinatology, 21, 7-12.
  • Milgram, S. (1976). The image-freezing machine. Society, November/December, 7-12.
  • Mirzoeff, N. (1999). An introduction to visual culture. London: Routledge.
  • Patrick, N. (2016, 4 Mayıs). Photos of female asylum patients by a Victorian psychiatrist who used photography to analyze mental disorders. Eski Dönem Haberleri (The Vintage News) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/05/04/photos-asylum-patients-19th-century-british-psychiatrist-used-photography-analize-mental-disorder/.
  • Peljhan, M. ve Zelić, A. (2015). Phototherapy - Overview and new perspectives. İçinde M. Peljhan (Ed.), Phototherapy: From concepts to practices (ss. 15-69). CIRIUS: Center za izobraževanje, rehabilitacijo in usposabljanje Kamnik.
  • Phillips, D. (1986). Photography's use as a metaphor of self with stabilized schizophrenic patients. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 13(1), 9-16.
  • Popova, M. (2011, Kasım). How Darwin’s photos of human emotions changed visual culture? Brain Pickings sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.brainpickings.org/2011/11/11/darwins-camera/
  • Prag, H. ve Vogel, G. (2013). Therapeutic photography: fostering posttraumatic growth in Shan adolescent refugees in northern Thailand. Fostering Posttraumatic Growth with Therapeutic Photography Intervention, 11(1), 37-51.
  • Rutanen, J. (2015). Phototherapy and therapeutic photography: The healing power of photographs [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Leiden University.
  • Schudson, K. R. (1975). The simple camera in school counseling. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 54(4), 225-226.
  • Seskin, M.R. (1977). Photobiography-a phenomenologically based approach to human study and personal insight [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. California School of Professional Psychology.
  • Sontag, S. (2008). Fotoğraf üzerine (O. Akınhay, Çev.). İstanbul: Agora Kitaplığı (1977)
  • Star, K. L. ve Cox, J. A. (2008). The use of phototherapy in couples and family counseling. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 3(4), 373-382.
  • Stevens, R. ve Spears, E. H. (2009). Incorporating photography as a therapeutic tool in counseling. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 4(1), 3-16. doi: 10.1080/15401380802708767.
  • Stewart, D. (1979). Photo Therapy: Theory and practice. Art Psychotherapy, 6 (1), 41- 46.
  • Thomas, M. E. (2009). Auto-photography. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University.
  • Yılmaz, T. (2017). Klinik psikolojide sanat ve sanat uygulamaları. Tyke Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2(2), 32-43.
  • Walker, J. (1986). The use of ambiguous artistic images for enhancing self-awareness in psychotherapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy,13, 241-248.
  • Walker, J. (2009). The Walker Visuals. Cancerología 4, 9-18.
  • Weiser, J. (1975). Photography as a verb. The B.C. Photographer,2, 33-36.
  • Weiser, J. (1983). Using phototherapy to help a study of Debbie. Montage: Kodak’s Educator’s Newsletter, 83(1), 4-5.
  • Weiser, J. (1984). Phototherapy-becoming visually literate about oneself or, Phototherapy ??? What’s phototherapy ?. Phototherapy Journal, 4(2), 2-7.
  • Weiser, J. (1988). Phototherapy: Using snapshots and photo-interactions in therapy with youth. İçinde C.E. Schaefer (Ed.), Innovative interventions in child adolescent therapy (ss.339-376). New York: Wiley.
  • Weiser, J. (1999). PhotoTherapy techniques: Exploring the secrets of personal snapshots and family albums (2nd Ed.). Vancouver: PhotoTherapy Centre Press. (1993).
  • Weiser, J. (2002). Phototherapy techniques: Exploring secrets of personal snapshots and family albums. Child & Family, 5(3), 16-25.
  • Weiser, J. (2004). Phototherapy techniques in counselling and therapy: Using ordinary snapshots and photo-interactions to help clients heal their lives. The Canadian Art Therapy Association Journal, 17(2), 23-53.
  • Weiser, J. (2005). Remembering Jo Spence: A brief personal and professional memoir. İçinde H. Hagiwara (Ed.), Jo Spence autobiographical photography (ss. 240-248). Osaka: Shinsuisha Press.
  • Weiser, J. (2008). PhotoTherapy techniques: Exploring the secrets of personal snapshots and family albums. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapytherapeuticphotography.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/weiser_bcpa_08.pdf
  • Weiser, J. (2014). Comparing phototherapy and art therapy. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapytherapeuticphotography.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/phototherapy_compared_with_art_therapy.pdf
  • Weiser, J. (2015). History and development. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapy-centre.com/more-information/#history.
  • Weiser, J. ve Krauss, D. A. (2009). Picturing phototherapy and therapeutic photography: Commentary on articles arising from the 2008 international conference in Finland. European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling, 11(01), 77-99.
  • Wheeler, M. (2009). Phototherapy: A first attempt to consider the use of photographs in art therapy [Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi]. Sheffield University. (1992).
  • Wikipedia (2021). Une leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière. jpg. Wikipedia sitesinden alınmıştır: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Clinical_Lesson_at_the_Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re#/media/File:Une_le%C3%A7on_clinique_%C3%A0_la_Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re.jpg.

Photography as a Therapeutic Tool and Phototherapy Techniques

Yıl 2022, , 56 - 87, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.908235

Öz

Photography is regarded as a reliable representation of reality as it can record the moment in time by freezing. In this direction, photography is used in various areas, such as documentary, news, advertisement etc. In addition to these common areas of use, photography is also used as a therapeutic tool. The use of photography as a therapeutic tool has functions, such as contribution to psychological well-being, raising self-awareness, increasing self-knowledge, insight development etc. The use of photography as a therapeutic tool, which is at least as important as other areas of use, is the focus of the study. Phototherapy practices are one of the areas of use of photography as a therapeutic tool. Phototherapy is the use of photography as a therapeutic tool by mental health professionals to help clients. Although there is a rich international literature on the use of photography as a therapeutic tool and phototherapy, phototherapeutic practices are not common enough in our country. The phototherapy practices, having a wide training and implementation network at the international level, is considered to have an important potential for our country. The goal of this study is to discuss the use of photography as a therapeutic tool and phototherapy techniques under theoretical views, researches and case studies and to contribute to the development of phototherapeutic practices.

Kaynakça

  • Arslan, Ö. (2020). 19. yüzyıl erken dönem psikiyatri fotoğrafçılığının gelişimi ve Hugh Welch Diamond. Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 25, 65-83.
  • Arslan, Ö. (2021). Terapötik oto-fotografi: Terapötik fotoğrafçılık ve benlik kavramına ilişkin bir uygulama. Kültür ve İletişim, 24(2)-(48), 406-450.
  • Benjamin, W. (2014). Fotografinin küçük tarihi (B. Tanyeri, Çev.). İstanbul: Altı Kırkbeş Yayınları.
  • Berger, J. (1995). Görme biçimleri (Y. Salman, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları (1972).
  • Berger, J. (2015). Bir fotoğrafı anlamak (B. Eyüboğlu, Çev.). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları
  • Berman, L. (1993). Beyond the smile: The therapeutic use of the photograph. London: Routledge.
  • Chester, A. (2015). The permanent cloud and the passing storm: Photography and psychiatry in nineteenth- century Western Europe. Akademi (Academia) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.academia.edu/18812055/The_Permanent_Cloud_and_the_Passing_Storm_Photography_and_Psychiatry_in_Nineteenth-Century_Western_Europe.
  • Cornelison, F. S. ve Arsenian, J. (1960). A study of the response of psychotic patients to photographic self-image experience. Psychiatric Quarterly, 34, 1-8.
  • Cosden, C. ve Reynolds, D. (1982). Photography as therapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 9, 19-23.
  • Darwin, C. (1872). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London: John Murray.
  • Decoster, V. A. ve Dickerson, J. (2014). The therapeutic use of photography in clinical social work: Evidence-based best practices. Social Work in Mental Health, 12(1), 1-19. doi: 10.1080/15332985.2013.812543
  • Demirbaş, H. ve Doğan, Y. B. (2002). Yatan alkol bağımlılarında projektif grup çalışması. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 3(2), 103-107.
  • Eubanks, P. K. (1997). Art is a visual language. Visual Art Research, 23 (1), 31-35.
  • Erwig, M., Smeltzer, K ve Wang, X. (2016). What is visual language? Journal of Visual Languages & Computing, 38, 9-17.
  • Diamond, H. (2010). On the application of photography to the physiognomic and mental phenomena of insanity. Psicoart (1-2010). Erişim adresi: https://psicoart.unibo.it/article/download/2090/1478. (1856).
  • Didi-Huberman, G. (2003). Invention of hysteria Charcot and the photographic iconography of the Salpêtrière. London: The MIT Press Cambridge.
  • Duchenne, G. B. A. (1862). Mécanisme de la physionomie humaine. Paris: Veuve J. Renouard.
  • Hall, D. G. (1980). Photography as a learning experience in self-perception [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. The University of Michigan.
  • Ghorbani, N., Watson, P. J. ve Hargis, M. B. (2008). Integrative self-knowledge scale: Correlations and incremental validity of a cross-cultural measure developed in Iran and the United States. The Journal of Psychology, 142(4), 395-412.
  • Gibson, N. (2017). Therapeutic photography: Enhancing patient communication. Journal of Kidney Care, 2(1), 46- 47.
  • Gibson, N. (2018). Therapeutic photography: Enhancing self-esteem, self-efficacy and resilience. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Gilman, S. L. (1976). The face of madness: Hugh W. Diamond and psychiatric photography. Vermont: Echopoint Books.
  • Glover-Graf, N. M. ve Miller, E. (2006). The use of phototherapy in group treatment for persons who are chemically dependent. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 49(3), 166-181.
  • Glover, N. M. (1999). Play therapy and art therapy for persons who are in treatment for substance abuse and have a history of incest victimization. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 16, 281- 287.
  • Halkola, U. (2011). Introduction. İçinde U. Halkola, T. Koffert, L. Koulu, M. Krappala, D. Loewenthal, C. Parrella ve P. Pehunen (Edl.), Phototherapyeurope: Learning and healing with phototherapy handbook (ss. 4-8). University of Turku: Publications of the Brahea Centre for Training and Development.
  • Halkola, U. ve Koffert, T. (2011). The many stories of being. İçinde U. Halkola, T. Koffert, L. Koulu, M. Krappala, D. Loewenthal, C. Parrella ve P. Pehunen (Edl.), Phototherapyeurope: Learning and healing with phototherapy handbook (ss. 41-54). University of Turku: Publications of the Brahea Centre for Training and Development.
  • Hartley, L. (2001). A science of mind? Theories of nature, theories of man? İçinde Physiognomy and the Meaning of Expression in Nineteenth-Century Culture (ss.15-43). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Jacobs, N. (2002, Spring). A picture unleashes a thousand words. Medhunters Magazine, 8-10.
  • Jung, C.G. (1964). Man and his symbols. NY: Garden City.
  • Kaslow, F.W. ve Friedman, J. (1977). Utilization of family photos and movies in family therapy. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 3(1), 19-25.
  • Kopytin, A. (2004). Photography and art therapy: An easy partnership. Inscape, 9(2), 49-58.
  • Koretsky, P. (2001). Using photography in a therapeutic setting with seniors. Afterimage, 29(3), 8.
  • Krauss, D. A. (1983a). Reality, photography and psychotherapy. İçinde D.A. Krauss ve J.L. Fyrear (Edl.), Phototherapy in mental health (ss. 41-56). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas.
  • Krauss, D. A. (1983b). The visual metaphor: Some underlying assumptions of phototherapy. İçinde D.A. Krauss ve J. L. Fyrear (Edl.), Phototherapy in mental health (ss. 59-68). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas.
  • Loewenthal, D. (2013). Talking pictures therapy as brief therapy in a school setting. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 8(1), 21-34.
  • Markus, H. (1983). Self-knowledge: An expanded view. Journal of Personality, 51(3), 543-565.
  • McDonagh, A. (2001). Phototherapy: From ancient Egypt to the new millennium, Journal of Perinatology, 21, 7-12.
  • Milgram, S. (1976). The image-freezing machine. Society, November/December, 7-12.
  • Mirzoeff, N. (1999). An introduction to visual culture. London: Routledge.
  • Patrick, N. (2016, 4 Mayıs). Photos of female asylum patients by a Victorian psychiatrist who used photography to analyze mental disorders. Eski Dönem Haberleri (The Vintage News) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/05/04/photos-asylum-patients-19th-century-british-psychiatrist-used-photography-analize-mental-disorder/.
  • Peljhan, M. ve Zelić, A. (2015). Phototherapy - Overview and new perspectives. İçinde M. Peljhan (Ed.), Phototherapy: From concepts to practices (ss. 15-69). CIRIUS: Center za izobraževanje, rehabilitacijo in usposabljanje Kamnik.
  • Phillips, D. (1986). Photography's use as a metaphor of self with stabilized schizophrenic patients. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 13(1), 9-16.
  • Popova, M. (2011, Kasım). How Darwin’s photos of human emotions changed visual culture? Brain Pickings sitesinden alınmıştır: https://www.brainpickings.org/2011/11/11/darwins-camera/
  • Prag, H. ve Vogel, G. (2013). Therapeutic photography: fostering posttraumatic growth in Shan adolescent refugees in northern Thailand. Fostering Posttraumatic Growth with Therapeutic Photography Intervention, 11(1), 37-51.
  • Rutanen, J. (2015). Phototherapy and therapeutic photography: The healing power of photographs [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Leiden University.
  • Schudson, K. R. (1975). The simple camera in school counseling. Personnel and Guidance Journal, 54(4), 225-226.
  • Seskin, M.R. (1977). Photobiography-a phenomenologically based approach to human study and personal insight [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. California School of Professional Psychology.
  • Sontag, S. (2008). Fotoğraf üzerine (O. Akınhay, Çev.). İstanbul: Agora Kitaplığı (1977)
  • Star, K. L. ve Cox, J. A. (2008). The use of phototherapy in couples and family counseling. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 3(4), 373-382.
  • Stevens, R. ve Spears, E. H. (2009). Incorporating photography as a therapeutic tool in counseling. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 4(1), 3-16. doi: 10.1080/15401380802708767.
  • Stewart, D. (1979). Photo Therapy: Theory and practice. Art Psychotherapy, 6 (1), 41- 46.
  • Thomas, M. E. (2009). Auto-photography. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University.
  • Yılmaz, T. (2017). Klinik psikolojide sanat ve sanat uygulamaları. Tyke Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2(2), 32-43.
  • Walker, J. (1986). The use of ambiguous artistic images for enhancing self-awareness in psychotherapy. The Arts in Psychotherapy,13, 241-248.
  • Walker, J. (2009). The Walker Visuals. Cancerología 4, 9-18.
  • Weiser, J. (1975). Photography as a verb. The B.C. Photographer,2, 33-36.
  • Weiser, J. (1983). Using phototherapy to help a study of Debbie. Montage: Kodak’s Educator’s Newsletter, 83(1), 4-5.
  • Weiser, J. (1984). Phototherapy-becoming visually literate about oneself or, Phototherapy ??? What’s phototherapy ?. Phototherapy Journal, 4(2), 2-7.
  • Weiser, J. (1988). Phototherapy: Using snapshots and photo-interactions in therapy with youth. İçinde C.E. Schaefer (Ed.), Innovative interventions in child adolescent therapy (ss.339-376). New York: Wiley.
  • Weiser, J. (1999). PhotoTherapy techniques: Exploring the secrets of personal snapshots and family albums (2nd Ed.). Vancouver: PhotoTherapy Centre Press. (1993).
  • Weiser, J. (2002). Phototherapy techniques: Exploring secrets of personal snapshots and family albums. Child & Family, 5(3), 16-25.
  • Weiser, J. (2004). Phototherapy techniques in counselling and therapy: Using ordinary snapshots and photo-interactions to help clients heal their lives. The Canadian Art Therapy Association Journal, 17(2), 23-53.
  • Weiser, J. (2005). Remembering Jo Spence: A brief personal and professional memoir. İçinde H. Hagiwara (Ed.), Jo Spence autobiographical photography (ss. 240-248). Osaka: Shinsuisha Press.
  • Weiser, J. (2008). PhotoTherapy techniques: Exploring the secrets of personal snapshots and family albums. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapytherapeuticphotography.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/weiser_bcpa_08.pdf
  • Weiser, J. (2014). Comparing phototherapy and art therapy. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapytherapeuticphotography.files.wordpress.com/2014/11/phototherapy_compared_with_art_therapy.pdf
  • Weiser, J. (2015). History and development. Fototerapi Merkezi (Phototherapy Centre) sitesinden alınmıştır: https://phototherapy-centre.com/more-information/#history.
  • Weiser, J. ve Krauss, D. A. (2009). Picturing phototherapy and therapeutic photography: Commentary on articles arising from the 2008 international conference in Finland. European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling, 11(01), 77-99.
  • Wheeler, M. (2009). Phototherapy: A first attempt to consider the use of photographs in art therapy [Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans tezi]. Sheffield University. (1992).
  • Wikipedia (2021). Une leçon clinique à la Salpêtrière. jpg. Wikipedia sitesinden alınmıştır: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Clinical_Lesson_at_the_Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re#/media/File:Une_le%C3%A7on_clinique_%C3%A0_la_Salp%C3%AAtri%C3%A8re.jpg.
Toplam 69 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Kuramsal Derleme
Yazarlar

Özge Arslan 0000-0003-4466-4223

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Nisan 2021
Kabul Tarihi 29 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Arslan, Ö. (2022). Terapötik Bir Araç Olarak Fotoğraf ve Fototerapi Teknikleri. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 56-87. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.908235