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Representations of Perceived Parenting Styles on the Interpersonal Circumplex

Yıl 2022, , 160 - 181, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.995535

Öz

According to the Schema Therapy Theory, different parenting styles play an important role in the development of early maladaptive schemas through the unmet or overly met basic psychological needs in childhood. It is suggested that these schemas lead to the development of different psychopathologies and impairment in interpersonal functioning. In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between different perceived parenting styles and specific types of interpersonal problems. A total of 498 adults (324 women, 174 men) aged between 18 and 65 participated in the study. Interpersonal Problems Inventory, Young Parenting Inventory and demographic information form were used as measures. The circumplex analysis examined the representations of perceived parenting styles of mother and father on the interpersonal circumplex space. Results indicated that the punitiveness of mother and father, the exploitative/abusive parenting style of the father, and the permissive parenting style of the mother located on the hostile-dominant problems quarter; the conditional/achievement-focused parenting style of the mother and the father located on the friendly-dominant problem quarter; the overprotective parenting style of the mother located on the friendly-submissive problem quarter; the emotionally depriving parenting style of the mother and restricted/emotionally inhibited parenting style of the father are located on the hostile-submissive problems quarter. The findings were discussed in terms of their empirical support for the schema therapy theory and related clinical implications.

Kaynakça

  • Adibsereshki, N., Rafi, M. A., Aval, M. H. ve Tahan, H. (2018). Looking into some of the risk factors of mental health: the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in mothers’ parenting style and child anxiety disorders. Journal of Public Mental Health, 17(2), 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPMH-08-2017-0028
  • Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S. ve Pincus, A. L. (1990). Construction of circumplex scales for the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(3-4), 521-536.
  • Alden, L. E. ve Capreol, M. J. (1993). Avoidant personality disorder: Interpersonal problems as predictors of treatment response. Behavior Therapy, 24(3), 357-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80211-4
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gençöz, T. (2016a). Psychometric properties of the inventory of interpersonal problems-Circumplex scales short form: A reliability and validity study. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 29(1), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290104
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gençöz, T. (2016b). Kişilik bozukluğu inanışlarının kişilerarası döngüsel model üzerindeki temsili. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 31(77), 1-7.
  • Akyunus, M., Gençöz, T. ve Karaköse Çelik, S. (2021). The mediator role of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies between interpersonal problems and borderline personality beliefs. Journal of Rational - Emotive and Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 39(3), 322-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-020-00373-0
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gültekin, F. B. (2021). Representations of the early maladaptive schemas on the interpersonal circumplex. [Değerlendirilmek üzere gönderilmiş yazı]. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.
  • Azimi, A. L., Vaziri, S. ve Kashani, F. L. (2012). Relationship between maternal parenting style and child's aggressive behavior. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 1276-1281.
  • Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. Guilford Press.
  • Cain, N. M., Ansell, E. B., Simpson, H. B. ve Pinto, A. (2014). Interpersonal functioning in obsessive- compulsive personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2014.934376
  • Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D. ve Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire–research version (EMSQ‐R). Clinical Psychology ve Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory ve Practice, 11(5), 344-357. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.401
  • Dale, R., Power, K., Kane, S., Stewart, A. M. ve Murray, L. (2010). The role of parental bonding and early maladaptive schemas in the risk of suicidal behavior repetition. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(4), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2010.524066
  • Erozkan, A. (2012). Examination of relationship between anxiety sensitivity and parenting styles in adolescents. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(1), 52-57.
  • Gibson, M. ve Francis, A. J. (2019). Intergenerational transfer of early maladaptive schemas in mother–daughter dyads, and the role of parenting. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 43(4), 737-747.
  • Gilbert, P., Allan, S. ve Goss, K. (1996). Parental representations, shame, interpersonal problems, and vulnerability to psychopathology. Clinical Psychology ve Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory and Practice, 3(1), 23-34.
  • Gurtman, M. B. (1992). Construct validity of interpersonal personality measures: Interpersonal circumplex as a nomological net. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 105- 118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.1.105
  • Gurtman, M. B. (2009). Exploring personality with interpersonal circumplex. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00172.x
  • Hae-Young, K. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Assessing normal distribution using skeweness and kurtosis. Restorative Density and Endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
  • Hall, W. N. ve Bracken, B. A. (1996). Relationship between maternal parenting styles and African American and White adolescents' interpersonal relationships. School Psychology International, 17(3), 253-267.
  • Haugh, J. A., Miceli, M. ve DeLorme, J. (2017). Maladaptive parenting, temperament, early maladaptive schemas, and depression: a moderated mediation analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 39(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-016-9559-5
  • Hill, C. R. ve Safran, J. D. (1994). Assessing interpersonal schemas: Anticipated responses of significant others. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13(4), 366-379. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1994.13.4.366
  • Hofstee, W. K., de Raad, B. ve Goldberg, L. R. (1992). Integration of the Big Five and circumplex approaches to trait structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.1.146
  • Horowitz, L. M., Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S. ve Pincus, A. L. (2003). Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Manual. The Psychological Corporation: Texas.
  • Johnson, W., Giordano, P., Longmore, M. ve Wendy, M. (2016). Parents, identities, and trajectories of antisocial behavior from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Developmental and Life Course Criminology. 2(4), 442–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-016-0044-3.
  • Kaya-Tezel, F. K., Tutarel-Kışlak, Ş. ve Boysan, M. (2015). Relationships between childhood traumatic experiences, EMS and interpersonal styles. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 52, 226-232.
  • Karatzias, T., Jowett, S., Begley, A. ve Deas, S. (2016). Early maladaptive schemas in adult survivors of interpersonal trauma: Foundations for a cognitive theory of psychopathology. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 7(1), 30713. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v7.30713
  • Kooraneh, A. E. ve Amirsardari, L. (2015). Predicting early maladaptive schemas using Baumrind’s parenting styles. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.17795/ijpbs952
  • Kömürcü, B. ve Gör, N. (2016). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar ve kaygı üzerine bir derleme. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 4(8), 183-203. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-04-08-02
  • Kömürcü, B. ve Pekak Soygüt, G. (2017). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar, ebeveynlik biçimleri ve psikolojik belirtiler ile psikolojik dışlanmanın tehdit ettiği ihtiyaçlar arasındaki ilişkiler. Klinik Psikiyatri, 20, 6-18. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2017.29292
  • Laxmi, A. V. ve Kadapatti, M. (2012). Analysis of parenting styles and interpersonal relationship among adolescents. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(8), 1-5.
  • Leary, T. F. (1957). Interpersonal diagnosis of personality: A functional theory and methodology for personality evaluation. New York: Ronald Press.
  • Lee, C. W., Taylor, G. ve Dunn, J. (1999). Factor structure of the schema questionnaire in a large clinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23(4), 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018712202933
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Algılanan Ebeveynlik Biçimlerinin Kişiler Arası Döngüsel Model Üzerinde Temsili

Yıl 2022, , 160 - 181, 28.02.2022
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.995535

Öz

Şema Terapi Kuramına göre farklı ebeveynlik biçimleri, çocukluk çağında karşılanmayan veya fazlasıyla karşılanan temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar aracığıyla erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu şemaların da farklı psikolopatolojilerin gelişiminde ve kişiler arası işlevselliğin bozulmasında etkili olduğu öne sürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, algılanan farklı ebeveynlik biçimlerinin özgül kişiler arası problem türleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya, yaşları 18 ile 65 arasında değişen 498 yetişkin (324 kadın, 174 erkek) katılmıştır. Ölçüm araçları olarak Kişiler Arası Problemler Envanteri, Young Ebeveynlik Ölçeği ve demografik bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Döngüsel analiz ile anne ve babadan algılanan ebeveynlik biçimlerinin kişilerarası döngü üzerindeki temsilleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, anne ve babadan algılanan cezalandırıcılık ile, babadan algılanan sömürücü/istismar eden ve anneden algılanan aşırı izin verici/sınırsız ebeveynlik biçimlerinin düşmancıl-baskın problemler çeyreğinde, anne ve babadan algılanan koşullu/ başarı odaklı ebeveynlik biçiminin yakın-baskın problemler çeyreğinde, anneden algılanan aşırı koruyucu ebeveynlik biçiminin yakın-itaatkar problemler çeyreğinde, anneden algılanan duygusal bakımdan yoksun bırakma ve babadan algılanan değişime kapalı/duygularını bastıran ebeveynlik biçiminin ise düşmancıl-itaatkar problemler çeyreğinde konumlandığı göstermiştir. Bulgular, şema terapi kuramına sağladığı görgül destek ve klinik doğurguları açısından tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Adibsereshki, N., Rafi, M. A., Aval, M. H. ve Tahan, H. (2018). Looking into some of the risk factors of mental health: the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in mothers’ parenting style and child anxiety disorders. Journal of Public Mental Health, 17(2), 69-78. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPMH-08-2017-0028
  • Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S. ve Pincus, A. L. (1990). Construction of circumplex scales for the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(3-4), 521-536.
  • Alden, L. E. ve Capreol, M. J. (1993). Avoidant personality disorder: Interpersonal problems as predictors of treatment response. Behavior Therapy, 24(3), 357-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80211-4
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gençöz, T. (2016a). Psychometric properties of the inventory of interpersonal problems-Circumplex scales short form: A reliability and validity study. Dusunen Adam: The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 29(1), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.5350/DAJPN2016290104
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gençöz, T. (2016b). Kişilik bozukluğu inanışlarının kişilerarası döngüsel model üzerindeki temsili. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 31(77), 1-7.
  • Akyunus, M., Gençöz, T. ve Karaköse Çelik, S. (2021). The mediator role of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies between interpersonal problems and borderline personality beliefs. Journal of Rational - Emotive and Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 39(3), 322-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-020-00373-0
  • Akyunus, M. ve Gültekin, F. B. (2021). Representations of the early maladaptive schemas on the interpersonal circumplex. [Değerlendirilmek üzere gönderilmiş yazı]. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub.
  • Azimi, A. L., Vaziri, S. ve Kashani, F. L. (2012). Relationship between maternal parenting style and child's aggressive behavior. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 1276-1281.
  • Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. Guilford Press.
  • Cain, N. M., Ansell, E. B., Simpson, H. B. ve Pinto, A. (2014). Interpersonal functioning in obsessive- compulsive personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2014.934376
  • Cecero, J. J., Nelson, J. D. ve Gillie, J. M. (2004). Tools and tenets of schema therapy: toward the construct validity of the early maladaptive schema questionnaire–research version (EMSQ‐R). Clinical Psychology ve Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory ve Practice, 11(5), 344-357. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.401
  • Dale, R., Power, K., Kane, S., Stewart, A. M. ve Murray, L. (2010). The role of parental bonding and early maladaptive schemas in the risk of suicidal behavior repetition. Archives of Suicide Research, 14(4), 311-328. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811118.2010.524066
  • Erozkan, A. (2012). Examination of relationship between anxiety sensitivity and parenting styles in adolescents. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 12(1), 52-57.
  • Gibson, M. ve Francis, A. J. (2019). Intergenerational transfer of early maladaptive schemas in mother–daughter dyads, and the role of parenting. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 43(4), 737-747.
  • Gilbert, P., Allan, S. ve Goss, K. (1996). Parental representations, shame, interpersonal problems, and vulnerability to psychopathology. Clinical Psychology ve Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory and Practice, 3(1), 23-34.
  • Gurtman, M. B. (1992). Construct validity of interpersonal personality measures: Interpersonal circumplex as a nomological net. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 105- 118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.1.105
  • Gurtman, M. B. (2009). Exploring personality with interpersonal circumplex. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 3(4), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00172.x
  • Hae-Young, K. (2013). Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Assessing normal distribution using skeweness and kurtosis. Restorative Density and Endodontics, 38(1), 52-54.
  • Hall, W. N. ve Bracken, B. A. (1996). Relationship between maternal parenting styles and African American and White adolescents' interpersonal relationships. School Psychology International, 17(3), 253-267.
  • Haugh, J. A., Miceli, M. ve DeLorme, J. (2017). Maladaptive parenting, temperament, early maladaptive schemas, and depression: a moderated mediation analysis. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 39(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-016-9559-5
  • Hill, C. R. ve Safran, J. D. (1994). Assessing interpersonal schemas: Anticipated responses of significant others. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 13(4), 366-379. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1994.13.4.366
  • Hofstee, W. K., de Raad, B. ve Goldberg, L. R. (1992). Integration of the Big Five and circumplex approaches to trait structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(1), 146–163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.63.1.146
  • Horowitz, L. M., Alden, L. E., Wiggins, J. S. ve Pincus, A. L. (2003). Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Manual. The Psychological Corporation: Texas.
  • Johnson, W., Giordano, P., Longmore, M. ve Wendy, M. (2016). Parents, identities, and trajectories of antisocial behavior from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Developmental and Life Course Criminology. 2(4), 442–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40865-016-0044-3.
  • Kaya-Tezel, F. K., Tutarel-Kışlak, Ş. ve Boysan, M. (2015). Relationships between childhood traumatic experiences, EMS and interpersonal styles. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 52, 226-232.
  • Karatzias, T., Jowett, S., Begley, A. ve Deas, S. (2016). Early maladaptive schemas in adult survivors of interpersonal trauma: Foundations for a cognitive theory of psychopathology. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 7(1), 30713. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v7.30713
  • Kooraneh, A. E. ve Amirsardari, L. (2015). Predicting early maladaptive schemas using Baumrind’s parenting styles. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.17795/ijpbs952
  • Kömürcü, B. ve Gör, N. (2016). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar ve kaygı üzerine bir derleme. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 4(8), 183-203. https://doi.org/10.7816/nesne-04-08-02
  • Kömürcü, B. ve Pekak Soygüt, G. (2017). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar, ebeveynlik biçimleri ve psikolojik belirtiler ile psikolojik dışlanmanın tehdit ettiği ihtiyaçlar arasındaki ilişkiler. Klinik Psikiyatri, 20, 6-18. https://doi.org/10.5505/kpd.2017.29292
  • Laxmi, A. V. ve Kadapatti, M. (2012). Analysis of parenting styles and interpersonal relationship among adolescents. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2(8), 1-5.
  • Leary, T. F. (1957). Interpersonal diagnosis of personality: A functional theory and methodology for personality evaluation. New York: Ronald Press.
  • Lee, C. W., Taylor, G. ve Dunn, J. (1999). Factor structure of the schema questionnaire in a large clinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23(4), 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018712202933
  • Locke, K. D. (2010). Circumplex measures of interpersonal constructs. İçinde L. M. Horowitz ve S. Strack, (Edl.), The Handbook of Interpersonal Psychology (ss. 313-324). Hobuken, NJ: Wiley.
  • Louis, J. P., Wood, A. M. ve Lockwood, G. (2018). Psychometric validation of the Young Parenting Inventory-Revised (YPI-R2): Replication and extension of a commonly used parenting scale in Schema Therapy (ST) research and practice. PloS one, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205605
  • Lumley, M. N., Dozois, D. J. A., Hennig, K. H. ve Marsh, A. (2011). Cognitive organization, perceptions of parenting and depression symptoms in early adolescence. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(4), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-011-9365-z
  • Messman-Moore, T. L. ve Coates, A. A. (2007). The impact of childhood psychological abuse on adult interpersonal conflict. Journal of Emotional Abuse, 7(2), 75-92. https://doi.org/10.1300/J135v07n02_05
  • Mojallal, M., Javadi, M. H., Hosseinkhanzadeh, A. A., Vali, S., Mousavi, A., Gholam, M. ve Lavasani, A. (2015). Early maladaptive schemas and interpersonal problems in Iranian university students. Practice in Clinical Psychology, 3(1), 11–22. http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-185-en.html
  • Otani, K., Suzuki, A., Shibuya, N., Matsumoto, Y. ve Kamata, M. (2009). Dysfunctional parenting styles increase interpersonal sensitivity in healthy subjects. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 197(12), 938-941. https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181c29a4c
  • Özbaş, A. A., Sayın, A. ve Coşar, B. (2012). Üniversite sınavına hazırlanan öğrencilerde sınav öncesi anksiyete düzeyi ile erken dönem uyumsuz şema ilişkilerinin incelenmesi. Bilişsel Davranışçı Psikoterapi ve Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1(2), 81-89.
  • Petrowski, K., Berth, H., Schmidt, S., Schumacher, J., Hinz, A. ve Brähler, E. (2009). The assessment of recalled parental rearing behavior and its relationship to life satisfaction and interpersonal problems: a general population study. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 9(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-9-17
  • Popolo, R., Lysaker, P. H., Salvatore, G., Montano, A., Buonocore, L., Sirri, L. ve Dimaggio, G. (2014). Emotional inhibition in personality disorders. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83(6), 377. https://doi.org/10.1159/000365110
  • Posner, J., Russel, J. ve Peterson, B. (2005). The circumplex model of affect: An integrative approach to affective neuroscience, cognitive development, and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 17(3), 715-734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579405050340
  • Prino, C. T. ve Peyrot, M. (1994). The effect of child physical abuse and neglect on aggressive, withdrawn, and prosocial behavior. Child Abuse and Neglect, 18(10), 871-884. https://doi.org/10.1016/0145-2134(94)90066-3
  • Rammstedt, B., Goldberg, L. R. ve Borg, I. (2010). The measurement equivalence of Big-Five factor markers for persons with different levels of education. Journal of Research in Personality, 44(1), 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2009.10.005
  • Roelofs, J., Onckels, L. ve Muris, P. (2013). Attachment quality and psychopathological symptoms in clinically referred adolescents: The mediating role of early maladaptive schema. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(3), 377-385.
  • Schmidt, N. B., Joiner, T. E., Young, J. E. ve Telch, M. J. (1995). The schema questionnaire: Investigation of psychometric properties and the hierarchical structure of a measure of maladaptive schemas. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 19(3), 295-321.
  • Sheffield, A., Waller, G., Emanuelli, F., Murray, J. ve Meyer, C. (2005). Links between parenting and core beliefs: Preliminary psychometric validation of the Young Parenting Inventory. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29(6), 787-802.
  • Sigre‐Leirós, V. L., Carvalho, J. ve Nobre, P. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas and aggressive sexual behavior: A preliminary study with male college students. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 10(7), 1764-1772.
  • Soldz, S., Budman, S.H., Demby, A. ve Merry, J. (1993). Representation of personality disorders in circumplex and five-factor space: Explorations with a clinical sample. Psychological Assessment, 5, 41-52.
  • Soygüt, G. ve Çakır, Z. (2009). Ebeveynlik biçimleri ile psikolojik belirtiler arasındaki ilişkilerde kişilerarası şemaların aracı rolü: Şema odaklı bir bakış. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(2), 144- 152.
  • Soygüt, G., Çakır, Z. ve Karaosmanoğlu, A. (2008). Ebeveynlik biçimlerinin değerlendirilmesi: Young ebeveynlik ölçeğinin psikometrik özelliklerine ilişkin bir inceleme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 11(22), 17-30.
  • Soygüt, G., Karaosmanoğlu, A. ve Çakır, Z. (2009). Erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların değerlendirilmesi: Young Şema Ölçeği Kısa Form-3'ün psikometrik özelliklerine ilişkin bir inceleme. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20(1), 75-84.
  • Spera, C. (2005). A review of the relationship among parenting practices, parenting styles, and adolescent school achievement. Educational Psychology Review, 17(2), 125-46.
  • Stanisławski, K. (2019). The coping circumplex model: An integrative model of the structure of coping with stress. Frontier in Psychology, 10, 694. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00694
  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
  • Thimm, J. C. (2010). Mediation of early maladaptive schemas between perceptions of parental rearing style and personality disorder symptoms. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 41(1), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.10.001
  • Thimm, J. C. (2013). Early maladaptive schemas and interpersonal problems: A circumplex analysis of the YSQ-SF. International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 13(1), 113-124.
  • Terence, J. G. ve Tracey, J. R. (1996). The spherical representation of vocational interests. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(1), 3-41. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1996.0002
  • Turner, H. M., Rose, K. S. ve Cooper, M. J. (2005). Parental bonding and eating disorder symptoms in adolescents: The meditating role of core beliefs. Eating Behaviors, 6(2), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2004.08.010
  • Wright, M. O. D., Crawford, E. ve Del Castillo, D. (2009). Childhood emotional maltreatment and later psychological distress among college students: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Child Abuse ve Neglect, 33(1), 59-68.
  • Young, J. E. (1990). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Professional Resource Exchange.
  • Young, J. E. (1994). Young Ebeveynlik Ölçeği [Basılmamış rapor].
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S. ve Weishaar, M. E. (2003). Schema therapy. New York: Guilford.
  • Young, J. E., Klosko, J. S. ve Weishaar, M. E. (2009). Şema terapi: Terapistin rehberi (T. Özakkaş ve T. V. Soylu, Çev.). İstanbul: Litera Yayıncılık. (2015)
  • Yurtsever, S. S. ve Sütçü, S. T. (2017). Algılanan ebeveynlik biçimleri ile bozulmuş yeme tutumu arasındaki ilişkide erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların ve duygu düzenleme güçlüğünün aracı rolü. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 32(80), 20-43.
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Miray Akyunus 0000-0002-8999-7075

Sergen Akbay Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4784-6700

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Eylül 2021
Kabul Tarihi 29 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Akyunus, M., & Akbay, S. (2022). Algılanan Ebeveynlik Biçimlerinin Kişiler Arası Döngüsel Model Üzerinde Temsili. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(1), 160-181. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.995535