Lacanyen Bakış Açısından Pervert Yapı Kavramı veTerapötik Öneriler

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 26 - 38, 01.03.2017

Burcu Pınar Gökdemir-bulut*

https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.470731

Cited By: 5

Öz

Perversiyon, literatürde genellikle “suç teşkil eden eylemlerde” bulunma biçiminde anlaşılan bir kavramdır; fakat Lacan bu kavramı, nevroz ve psikoza ek olarak üçüncü bir klinik yapı olarak tanımlamaktadır. Lacan tarafından öne sürülen üç klinik yapının anlaşılması ve birbirlerinden ayrıştığı noktaların ele alınması önemlidir, çünkü bu yapılar belirli semptomlar temel alınarak yalnızca betimleyici teşhisler sunmanın ötesinde, bir tedavi modeli de sağlamaktadırlar. Perversiyonda özne, anneden ayrışmasına zemin hazırlayan ikinci baba işlevinin (Babanın Adı) etkili olamaması nedeniyle, büyük Öteki konumundaki annenin zevkinin nesnesi olmaya “Hayır” diyememektedir. İkinci baba işlevinin başarısızlığa uğramasının bazı nedenleri; baba işlevini “ mış gibi görünmeye/görüntüye” indirgeyen anne söylemi, kuralların gereklerine göre değil kendi duygularına göre çocuklarına kural koyan ebeveyn tutumu, ensest ve cinsel istismara uğrama olarak tartışılmaktadır. Baba işlevinin başarısız olmasının sonucunda, annede algılanan eksik “tanınmamaktadır” (disavowal) çünkü eksik babanın adı tarafından simgeleştirilmediği sürece çocuk iç in travmatiktir. Bu demektir ki; tanımama mekanizması, pervertlerin zevki kısıtlaması gereken baba işlevinin güçsüzlüğü ve eksiğin olmayışı ile başa çıkma yöntemleridir. Maka ede, pervert yapının özelliklerini örneklendirmek iç in bir vaka ele alınacaktır. Buna ek olarak, Lacanyen bakış açısı temel alınarak pervert yapı için terapötik önerilerde bulunulacak ve aynı vaka ile yürütülen terapi seanslarından bazı örnekler verilecektir

Anahtar Kelimeler

perversiyon, zevk, baba işlevi

The Concept of Perverse Structure from Lacanian Perspective and Therapeutic Recommendations: A Case Example

Öz

In the literature, perversion is mostly understood from the perspective of performing “transgressive acts”
but Lacan described it as a third clinical structure in addition to neurosis and psychosis. Understanding
the features of those three clinical structures and discussing how they are different from each other are
important since the structures provide a treatment model beyond merely offering descriptive diagnoses
based on particular symptoms. In perversion, subject cannot say “No” to being the object of mOther’s
jouissance since the second paternal function, the Name of Father, that paves the way to him or her for
separation from mOther, cannot be effective. Maternal discourse diminishing the paternal function into
appearances, inconsistent attitude of parents, that is, putting limits only when they become angry with the
child, and being exposed to incest and sexual abuse are some of the reasons behind the failure of second
paternal function. As a result of that failure, the perception of lack perceived in mother is disavowed since
it is traumatic for a child, unless the lack is symbolized by that function. That is, disavowal mechanism
is a tool of perverts to cope with weakness of the paternal function that is required to limit “jouissance”.
To illustrate the characteristics of perverse structure, a case will be elaborated. Moreover, the therapeutic
recommendations based on Lacanian approach for perverse structure will be provided and some examples
from the therapy sessions conducted by the case will be given.

Anahtar Kelimeler

perversion, jouissance, paternal function

Kaynakça

• Andre, S. (2006). The structure of perversion: A Lacanian perspective. In D. Nobus, & L. Downing (Eds.), Perversion: Psychoanalytic Perspectives/Perspectives on Psychoanalysis (ss. 109-125). London, Karnac Books.
• Benvenuto, S. (2006). Perversion and charity: An ethical approach. In D. Nobus, & L. Downing (Eds.), Perversion: Psychoanalytic Perspectives/Perspectives on Psychoanalysis (ss. 59-78). London, Karnac Books.
• Bernstein, J. W. (2015). Review of Perversion: A Lacanian psychoanalytic approach to the subject. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 32(3), 553-557. doi:10.1037/a0035854
• Evans, D. (1996). An Introductory Dictionary of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. New York, Routledge.
• Feher-Gurewich, J. (2003). A Lacanian approach to the logic of perversion. In J. M. Rabate (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Lacan (ss. 191-207). New York, Cambridge University Press.
• Fink, B. (1995). The Lacanian Subject: Between Language and Jouissance. Chichester, Princeton University Press.
• Fink, B. (1997). A Clinical Introduction to Lacanian Psychoanalysis: Theory and Technique. London, Harvard University Press.
• Julien, P. (1994). Jacques Lacan’s Return to Freud: The Real, the Symbolic, and the Imaginary. London: New York University Press.
• Lacan, J. (1955-1956). On a Question Prior to Any Possible Treatment of Psychosis. In B. Fink in Collaboration with H. Fink and R. Grigg (Ed. & Çev.). Ecrits: The First Complete Edition in English, New York, Norton & Company.
• Lacan, J. (1957-1958). Book V: The Formations of the Unconscious (C. Gal agher Çev.). Unpublished typescript. Erişim http://www.lacaninireland.com/web/wp- content/uploads/2010/06/Book-05-the- formations-of-the-unconscious.pdf
• Lacan, J. (1962-1963). Anxiety: The Seminar of Jacques Lacan: Book X. (A. R. Price Çev.). In J. A. Mil er (Ed.). Cambridge, Polity Press.
• Lacan, J. (1972-1973). On Feminine Sexuality: The Limits of Love and Knowledge, Book XX. In J. A. Miller (Ed.). Paris, Norton & Company.
• Moncayo, R. (2008). Evolving Lacanian Perspectives for Clinical Psychoanalysis: On Narcissism, Sexuation, and the Phrases of Analysis in Contemporary Culture. London, Karnac Books.
• Nobus, D. (2013). Jacques Lacan and the Freudian Practice of Psychoanalysis. London, Routledge.
• Penney, J. (2012). World of Perversion, The: Psychoanalysis and the Impossible Absolute of Desire. Albany, State University of New York Press.
• Richards, A. K. (2003). A fresh look at perversion. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 51(4), 1199-1218.
• Rusansky Drob, L. (2008). Borderline Personality Disorder: A Lacanian Perspective. Erişim https:// tr.scribd.com/doc/61467756/Borderline-Personality-Disorder-A-Lacanian-Perspective-6-30-08
• Ruti, M. (2008). The fall of fantasies: A Lacanian reading of lack. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 56(2), 483-508.
• Swales, S. (2010). Psychosis or Neurosis? Lacanian Diagnosis and Its Relevance for Group Psychotherapists. Group, 34 (2), 129-143.
• Swales, S. (2012). Perversion: A Lacanian Psychoanalytic Approach to the Subject. New York, Routledge.
• Taheri, A. (2016). Perverse Mothers or Mad Wives?: A Lacanian Commentary on Nahaleh Moshtagh’s “The Repression of the Bad Oedipal Mother in Psychoanalysis”. Erişim http://psychoanalyticdiscourse. com/index.php/psad/article%20/view/34/68
• Verhaeghe, P. (2001). Perverse traits. The Letter (Dublin), 22, 59-75. Retrieved from http:// whatispsychoanalysis.ie/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/THE- LETTER-22-Summer-2001-pages-59- 74.-P.-Verhaeghe-Perversion-I PerverseTraits.pdf&gws_rd=cr&ei=KD6UWJBTiYBpjO iHsAI
• Verhaeghe, P. (2001). Perversion II: The perverse structure. The Letter (Dublin), 23, 77-95. Retrieved from http://www.psychoanalysis.ugent.be/pages/nl/artikels/artikels%2520Paul%2520Verhaeghe/ Perversion%2520II.pdf+&cd=1&hl=tr&ct=clnk&gl=tr
• Verhaeghe, P. (2008). On Being Normal and Other Disorders: A Manual for Clinical Psychodiagnostic. London, Karnac Books.