Olgu Sunumu
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy of Anger Management Problem: A Case Study

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 91 - 110, 23.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.785789

Öz

Anger is an experiential state and consists of cognitive, emotional, and physiological components. Maladaptive ways of anger expression may cause professional, social, physical, and legal problems. Prevalence and destructive consequences of anger-related problems increase the treatment importance of these problems. Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment option for anger control. In this case study, a 12-session CBT process of a 37-year-old female who suffered from anger management problems was presented. Psychoeducation about anger was provided and a record for anger-related situations was requested. The record helped the client to realize anger-related antecedents and situations, and to adjust herself proactively predicting her anger. She learned to follow “stop-think-act” order in angry times and to postpone aggressive behaviors by the self-given command of “stop”. She began to realize the cognitive distortions and to restructure her thoughts in the following sessions. Moreover, her awareness about the core belief of being worthless, the assumption about not self-disclosing to others in order to protect herself, or the rule of being respected increased and she realized the connection of these beliefs with her current problems and coping strategies. Besides, she began to be more tolerant in inter-personal relationships and to disclose her thoughts and feelings instead of aggressive behaviors. These interventions resulted in a decrease of trait anger, inappropriate anger expression, anger suppression, and in an increase of anger control as assessed by Trait Anger and Anger Expression Scales. In the present case CBT techniques were effective and consistent with the related CBT literature on anger management.

Kaynakça

  • Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (2014). Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı: Beşinci Baskı (DSM-5). (E. Köroğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği (2013).
  • Beck, A., T. (1979). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Boston: International University Press.
  • Beck, J. S. (2018). Bilişsel davranışçı terapi: Temelleri ve ötesi. (M. Şahin, Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık (1995).
  • Beck, R. ve Fernandez, E. (1998). Cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of anger: A meta-analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22(1), 63-74.
  • Bistline, J. L. ve Frieden, F. P. (1984). Anger control: A case study of a stress inoculation treatment for a chronic aggressive patient. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 8(5), 551-555.
  • Boxmeyer, C. L., Lochman, J. E., Powell, N., Yaros, A. ve Wojnaroski, M. (2007). A case study of the Coping Power program for angry and aggressive youth. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 37(3), 165-174.
  • Candelaria, A. M., Fedewa, A. L. ve Ahn, S. (2012). The effects of anger management on children’s social and emotional outcomes: A meta-analysis. School Psychology International, 33(6), 596-614.
  • Dahlen, E. R. (2007). Cognitive therapy for clinically dysfunctional anger: A case study. Clinical Case Studies, 6(6), 493-507.
  • Davies, W. (2017). Öfke ve tahammülsüzlük. (D. Günkut, Çev.) İstanbul: Kuraldışı Yayınları (2000).
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Dahlen, E. R., Lynch, R. S., Morris, C. D. ve Gowensmith, W. N. (2000). An application of Beck's cognitive therapy to general anger reduction. Cognitive therapy and Research, 24(6), 689-697.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., Lynch, R. S. ve Morris, C. D. (1996). The expression of anger and its consequences. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34(7), 575-590.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L. (1999). Cognitive‐behavioral conceptualization and treatment of anger. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 295-309.
  • Del Vecchio, T. ve O'Leary, K. D. (2004). Effectiveness of anger treatments for specific anger problems: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(1), 15-34.
  • Edmondson, C. B. ve Conger, J. C. (1996). A review of treatment efficacy for individuals with anger problems: Conceptual, assessment, and methodological issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 16(3), 251-275.
  • Fehrenbach, P. A. ve Thelen, M. H. (1981). Assertive-skills training for inappropriately aggressive college males: Effects on assertive and aggressive behaviors. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 12(3), 213-217.
  • Ford, B. D. (1991). Anger and irrational beliefs in violent inmates. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(3), 211-215.
  • Fives, C. J., Kong, G., Fuller, J. R. ve DiGiuseppe, R. (2011). Anger, aggression, and irrational beliefs in adolescents. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 35(3), 199-208.
  • Gelkopf, M. (1997). Laboratory pain and styles of coping with anger. The Journal of Psychology, 131(1), 121-123.
  • Hamberger, K. ve Lohr, J. M. (1980). Rational restructuring for anger control: A quasi-experimental case study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 4(1), 99-102.
  • Henwood, K. S., Chou, S. ve Browne, K. D. (2015). A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of CBT informed anger management. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 25(2), 280-292.
  • Ho, B. P., Carter, M. ve Stephenson, J. (2010). Anger management using a cognitive‐behavioural approach for children with special education needs: A literature review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 57(3), 245-265.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T. ve Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427-440.
  • Howells, K. ve Day, A. (2003). Readiness for anger management: Clinical and theoretical issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(2), 319-337.
  • Kerns, R. D., Rosenberg, R. ve Jacob, M. C. (1994). Anger expression and chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17(1), 57-67.
  • Lee, A. H. ve DiGiuseppe, R. (2018). Anger and aggression treatments: a review of meta-analyses. Current Opinion in Psychology, 19(1), 65-74.
  • Martin, R. C. ve Dahlen, E. R. (2004). Irrational beliefs and the experience and expression of anger. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 22(1), 3-20.
  • Nicoll, M., Beail, N. ve Saxon, D. (2013). Cognitive behavioural treatment for anger in adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 26(1), 47-62.
  • Novaco, R. W. (1977). Stress inoculation: A cognitive therapy for anger and its application to a case of depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45(4), 600.
  • Novaco, R. W. ve Taylor, J. L. (2015). Reduction of assaultive behavior following anger treatment of forensic hospital patients with intellectual disabilities. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 65(1), 52-59.
  • Özer, A. K. (1994). Sürekli öfke (SL-ÖFKE) ve öfke ifade tarzı (ÖFKE-TARZ) ölçekleri ön çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(31), 26-35.
  • Ramirez, J. M. ve Andreu, J. M. (2006). Aggression, and some related psychological constructs (anger, hostility, and impulsivity) Some comments from a research project. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(3), 276-291.
  • Reilly, P. M., ve Shopshire, M. S. (2014). Anger management for substance abuse and mental health clients: A cognitive behavioral therapy manual. Journal of Drug Addiction, Education, and Eradication, 10(1/2), 199.
  • Saini, M. (2009). A meta-analysis of the psychological treatment of anger: Developing guidelines for evidence-based practice. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 37(4), 473-488.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Jacobs, G., Russell, S. ve Crane, R. S. (1983). Assessment of anger: The state-trait anger scale. Advances in Personality Assessment, 2(1), 159-187.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Reheiser, E. C. ve Sydeman, S. J. (1995). Measuring the experience, expression, and control of anger. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 18(3), 207-232.
  • Spirito, A., Finch Jr, A. J., Smith, T. L. ve Cooley, W. H. (1981). Stress inoculation for anger and anxiety control: A case study with an emotionally disturbed boy. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 10(1), 67-70.
  • Suinn, R. M. (2001). The terrible twos- anger and anxiety: Hazardous to your health. American Psychologist, 56(1), 27.
  • Sukhodolsky, D. G., Kassinove, H. ve Gorman, B. S. (2004). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anger in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(3), 247-269.

Öfke Kontrol Sorununun Bilişsel ve Davranışçı Psikoterapisi: Bir Olgu Sunumu

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 91 - 110, 23.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.785789

Öz

Öfke bilişsel, duygusal ve fizyolojik bileşenlerden oluşan yaşantısal bir durumdur. Öfkenin işlevsel olmayan yollarla ifade edilmesi mesleki, sosyal, fiziksel ve yasal sorunların yaşanmasına neden olabilir. Öfkeyle ilgili zorlukların yaygınlığı ve yıkıcı sonuçları, bu zorlukların tedavisini önemli hale getirmektedir. Bilişsel ve Davranışçı Terapi (BDT), öfke kontrolünde yaygın olarak kullanılan etkili bir yaklaşımdır. Bu olgu sunumunda, öfke kontrol sorunu yaşayan 37 yaşında bir kadın danışanın, BDT yaklaşımıyla yürütülen 12 seanslık psikoterapi süreci aktarılmıştır. Öfke hakkında psiko-eğitim verilen danışandan öfkelendiği durumlar için kayıt tutması istenmiştir. Bu sayede danışan öfke duygusuyla ilişkili belirtileri ve durumları fark etmiş, öfkelenebileceği durumlar için proaktif düzenlemeler yapmıştır. Öfkesi şiddetlendiğinde “dur-düşün-davran” sıralamasını izlemesi ve saldırgan davranışlarını kendisine “dur” komutu vererek ertelemesi sağlanmıştır. Öfkelendiği zamanlardaki bilişsel çarpıtmaları tanımış ve düşüncelerini değiştirmeye başlamıştır. Değersiz olma inancını, hakkındaki olumsuzlukların bilinmemesi halinde yargılanmayacağı varsayımını, saygı görmesi gerektiği kuralını fark etmiş, bunların güncel sorunları ve baş etme stratejileriyle ilişkilerini kavramıştır. Ayrıca kişiler arası ilişkilerde hassasiyetinin yüksek olduğu konulardaki toleransı artmış, saldırgan davranışlar yerine kendini ben diliyle ortaya koymaya başlamıştır. Müdahalelerin sonucunda Sürekli Öfke ve Öfke İfade Tarzı Ölçekleri ’ne göre danışanın sürekli öfkesinde, öfkesini uygun olmayan biçimde ortaya koymasında ve bastırmasında azalma, öfkesini kontrol etmesinde artış gözlenmiştir. Literatürde öfke tedavisinde BDT’nin etkisine işaret eden çalışmalarla tutarlı şekilde, bu vakada kullanılan BDT tekniklerinin etkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (2014). Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı: Beşinci Baskı (DSM-5). (E. Köroğlu, Çev.) Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği (2013).
  • Beck, A., T. (1979). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. Boston: International University Press.
  • Beck, J. S. (2018). Bilişsel davranışçı terapi: Temelleri ve ötesi. (M. Şahin, Çev. Ed.). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık (1995).
  • Beck, R. ve Fernandez, E. (1998). Cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of anger: A meta-analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 22(1), 63-74.
  • Bistline, J. L. ve Frieden, F. P. (1984). Anger control: A case study of a stress inoculation treatment for a chronic aggressive patient. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 8(5), 551-555.
  • Boxmeyer, C. L., Lochman, J. E., Powell, N., Yaros, A. ve Wojnaroski, M. (2007). A case study of the Coping Power program for angry and aggressive youth. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 37(3), 165-174.
  • Candelaria, A. M., Fedewa, A. L. ve Ahn, S. (2012). The effects of anger management on children’s social and emotional outcomes: A meta-analysis. School Psychology International, 33(6), 596-614.
  • Dahlen, E. R. (2007). Cognitive therapy for clinically dysfunctional anger: A case study. Clinical Case Studies, 6(6), 493-507.
  • Davies, W. (2017). Öfke ve tahammülsüzlük. (D. Günkut, Çev.) İstanbul: Kuraldışı Yayınları (2000).
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Dahlen, E. R., Lynch, R. S., Morris, C. D. ve Gowensmith, W. N. (2000). An application of Beck's cognitive therapy to general anger reduction. Cognitive therapy and Research, 24(6), 689-697.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., Lynch, R. S. ve Morris, C. D. (1996). The expression of anger and its consequences. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 34(7), 575-590.
  • Deffenbacher, J. L. (1999). Cognitive‐behavioral conceptualization and treatment of anger. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 295-309.
  • Del Vecchio, T. ve O'Leary, K. D. (2004). Effectiveness of anger treatments for specific anger problems: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 24(1), 15-34.
  • Edmondson, C. B. ve Conger, J. C. (1996). A review of treatment efficacy for individuals with anger problems: Conceptual, assessment, and methodological issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 16(3), 251-275.
  • Fehrenbach, P. A. ve Thelen, M. H. (1981). Assertive-skills training for inappropriately aggressive college males: Effects on assertive and aggressive behaviors. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 12(3), 213-217.
  • Ford, B. D. (1991). Anger and irrational beliefs in violent inmates. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(3), 211-215.
  • Fives, C. J., Kong, G., Fuller, J. R. ve DiGiuseppe, R. (2011). Anger, aggression, and irrational beliefs in adolescents. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 35(3), 199-208.
  • Gelkopf, M. (1997). Laboratory pain and styles of coping with anger. The Journal of Psychology, 131(1), 121-123.
  • Hamberger, K. ve Lohr, J. M. (1980). Rational restructuring for anger control: A quasi-experimental case study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 4(1), 99-102.
  • Henwood, K. S., Chou, S. ve Browne, K. D. (2015). A systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of CBT informed anger management. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 25(2), 280-292.
  • Ho, B. P., Carter, M. ve Stephenson, J. (2010). Anger management using a cognitive‐behavioural approach for children with special education needs: A literature review and meta‐analysis. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 57(3), 245-265.
  • Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T. ve Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427-440.
  • Howells, K. ve Day, A. (2003). Readiness for anger management: Clinical and theoretical issues. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(2), 319-337.
  • Kerns, R. D., Rosenberg, R. ve Jacob, M. C. (1994). Anger expression and chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17(1), 57-67.
  • Lee, A. H. ve DiGiuseppe, R. (2018). Anger and aggression treatments: a review of meta-analyses. Current Opinion in Psychology, 19(1), 65-74.
  • Martin, R. C. ve Dahlen, E. R. (2004). Irrational beliefs and the experience and expression of anger. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 22(1), 3-20.
  • Nicoll, M., Beail, N. ve Saxon, D. (2013). Cognitive behavioural treatment for anger in adults with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 26(1), 47-62.
  • Novaco, R. W. (1977). Stress inoculation: A cognitive therapy for anger and its application to a case of depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45(4), 600.
  • Novaco, R. W. ve Taylor, J. L. (2015). Reduction of assaultive behavior following anger treatment of forensic hospital patients with intellectual disabilities. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 65(1), 52-59.
  • Özer, A. K. (1994). Sürekli öfke (SL-ÖFKE) ve öfke ifade tarzı (ÖFKE-TARZ) ölçekleri ön çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 9(31), 26-35.
  • Ramirez, J. M. ve Andreu, J. M. (2006). Aggression, and some related psychological constructs (anger, hostility, and impulsivity) Some comments from a research project. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(3), 276-291.
  • Reilly, P. M., ve Shopshire, M. S. (2014). Anger management for substance abuse and mental health clients: A cognitive behavioral therapy manual. Journal of Drug Addiction, Education, and Eradication, 10(1/2), 199.
  • Saini, M. (2009). A meta-analysis of the psychological treatment of anger: Developing guidelines for evidence-based practice. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Online, 37(4), 473-488.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Jacobs, G., Russell, S. ve Crane, R. S. (1983). Assessment of anger: The state-trait anger scale. Advances in Personality Assessment, 2(1), 159-187.
  • Spielberger, C. D., Reheiser, E. C. ve Sydeman, S. J. (1995). Measuring the experience, expression, and control of anger. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 18(3), 207-232.
  • Spirito, A., Finch Jr, A. J., Smith, T. L. ve Cooley, W. H. (1981). Stress inoculation for anger and anxiety control: A case study with an emotionally disturbed boy. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 10(1), 67-70.
  • Suinn, R. M. (2001). The terrible twos- anger and anxiety: Hazardous to your health. American Psychologist, 56(1), 27.
  • Sukhodolsky, D. G., Kassinove, H. ve Gorman, B. S. (2004). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anger in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 9(3), 247-269.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Olgu Sunumu
Yazarlar

Şule Aydın 0000-0003-2299-634X

Kuntay Arcan Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-8118-4547

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Şubat 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2020
Kabul Tarihi 21 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın, Ş., & Arcan, K. (2021). Öfke Kontrol Sorununun Bilişsel ve Davranışçı Psikoterapisi: Bir Olgu Sunumu. AYNA Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, 8(1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.31682/ayna.785789