Investigation of Some Turkish Maize Landraces of Water Use Efficiency and Drought Susceptibility Index

Abstract

Objective: Due to the increasing drought day by day, local plant populations are the biggest source of breeders focusing on developing drought-resistant varieties. The unit dry matter production of maize, which uses a high amount of water, is also higher than other crops. Accordingly, the importance of varieties with high water use efficiency is increasing against the water shortage that the world is facing today. In the study, in which Turkish maize landraces were examined in terms of water use efficiency (WUE) and drought susceptibility index (DSI). Materials and Methods: 16 corn populations and 3 corn varieties were used for control purposes. It was conducted for two years (2016-2017) in two application conditions, in which 150% (I 150) and 50% (I 50) of the evaporated water was given, depending on evaporation. Results: WUE, which varied between 0.32-2.73 kg m-3 in the first year of the study, varied between 0.04-1.97 kg m-3 in the second year of the study. According to the DSI values varying between 0.83-1.17. Conclusion: WUE values of cultivars were higher than Turkish maize landraces. According to the results, 5 maize landraces and two varieties were determined as moderately drought resistant.

Keywords

• Maize Landrace
• Drought
• Water Use Efficiency
• Irrigation
• Stress

Türkiye Yerel Mısırlarından Bazılarının Su Kullanım Etkinliği ve Kuraklığa Dayanıklılık İndekslerinin Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Her geçen gün artan kuraklık nedeniyle, yerel bitki popülasyonları, kuraklığa dayanıklı çeşitler geliştirmeye odaklanan ıslahçıların en büyük kaynağıdır. Yüksek miktarda su kullanan mısırın birim kuru madde üretimi de diğer mahsullere göre daha yüksektir. Buna bağlı olarak, bugün dünyanın karşı karşıya kaldığı su kıtlığına karşı yüksek su kullanım etkinliğine sahip çeşitlerin önemi artmaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye'deki yerel mısır çeşitleri su kullanım etkinliği (WUE) ve kuraklığa dayanıklılık indeksi (DSI) açısından incelenmiştir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmada, 16 yerel mısır popülasyonu ve Kontrol amaçlı 3 hibrit mısır çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Buharlaşmaya bağlı olarak buharlaşan suyun %150'sinin (I 150) ve %50'sinin (I 50) verildiği iki uygulama koşulunda iki yıl (2016-2017) süre ile yürütülmüştür. Bulgular: Çalışmanın birinci yılında 0,32-2,73 kg m-3 arasında değişen WUE, çalışmanın ikinci yılında 0,04-1,97 kg m-3 arasında değişmiştir. DSI değerleri ise 0,83-1,17 arasında değişmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda, kontrol çeşitlerinin WUE değerleri Türkiye yerel mısır çeşitlerinden daha yüksekti. Sonuçlara göre 5 yerel mısır çeşidi ve iki hibrit çeşidin kuraklığa orta derecede dayanıklı olduğu belirlendi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yerel mısır
• Kuraklık
• Su Kullanım Etkinliği
• Sulama
• Stres

Kaynakça

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