Dittrichia viscosa Bitkisinin Farklı Hücre Hatlarında Antiproliferatif ve Antioksidan Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Amaç: Kanser, fizyolojik ve moleküler düzeyde meydana gelen bozukluklara bağlı olarak kontrolsüz hücre proliferasyonu ile karakterize edilen kompleks bir hastalık grubudur. Son yıllarda, çevre dostu ve toksisitesi düşük bitkisel kaynaklardan elde edilen antikanser bileşiklere yönelik ilgi artmıştır. Bu bağlamda, Asteraceae familyasına ait olan ve anti-enflamatuar, antimikrobiyal, antikanser ve antidiyabetik özellikleri ile bilinen Dittrichia viscosa bitkisinin farklı hücre hatları üzerindeki sitotoksik ve antioksidan potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmada D. viscosa bitkisinden metanol ve hekzan çözücüleri kullanılarak özütler elde edilmiştir. Bu özütler sekiz farklı konsantrasyonda hazırlanarak A549 (akciğer karsinomu), HEPG2 (karaciğer karsinomu), MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231 (meme karsinomu) hücre hatları üzerine uygulanmıştır. Hücre canlılığı, MTT (3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür) testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, hekzan ekstraktının antioksidan aktivitesi DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) radikal süpürme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma Bulguları Yapılan analizler sonucunda en yüksek sitotoksik etkinin A549 hücre hattında 100 μg/ml konsantrasyonunda uygulanan hekzan ekstraktı ile %54 oranında gerçekleştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Genel olarak, hekzan ekstraktının metanol ekstraktına kıyasla daha güçlü sitotoksik etki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. DPPH analizlerinde metanol ve hekzan özütleri daha düşük düzeyde ve daha stabil antioksidan etki göstermiş olup, bu etkinin metanol ekstraktında hekzana göre bir miktar daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar: D. viscosa bitkisinin özellikle hekzan ekstraktının bazı kanser hücre hatları üzerinde belirgin sitotoksik etki oluşturduğu görülmüştür. A549 ve MDA-MB-231 hücre hatlarında düşük konsantrasyonlarda dahi etkinliğin yüksek olması, bu bitkinin potansiyel antikanser ajanlar arasında değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, antioksidan aktivitenin sınırlı olduğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bitkinin bu etkisi ile ilgili daha kapsamlı araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioksidan
• Hücre hatları
• Sitotoksik aktivite
• Dittrichia viscosa
• MTT testi

Evaluation of Antiproliferative and Antioxidant effects of Dittrichia viscosa in Different Cell Lines

Abstract

Objective: Cancer is a complex group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation due to disorders at the physiological and molecular levels. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in anticancer compounds derived from environmentally friendly and low toxicity plant sources. In this context, it was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of Dittrichia viscosa, a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family and known for its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer and antidiabetic properties, on different cell lines. Materials and Methods: In this study, extracts were obtained from D. viscosa plant using methanol and hexane solvents. These extracts were prepared at eight different concentrations and applied on A549 (lung carcinoma), HEPG2 (liver carcinoma), MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (breast carcinoma) cell lines. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test. In addition, the antioxidant activity of the hexane extract was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Results: As a result of the analysis, it was observed that the highest cytotoxic effect was realized by 54% with hexane extract applied at a concentration of 100 μg/ml in A549 cell line. In general, the hexane extract showed a stronger cytotoxic effect than the methanol extract. In DPPH assays, methanol and hexane extracts showed lower and more stable antioxidant effect and this effect was slightly higher in methanol extract than hexane. Conclusion: It was observed that especially the hexane extract of D. viscosa had a significant cytotoxic effect on some cancer cell lines. The high activity even at low concentrations in A549 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines indicates that this plant can be evaluated among potential anticancer agents. However, given the limited antioxidant activity, more extensive research on this effect of the plant is needed.

Keywords

• Antioxidant
• Cell lines
• Cytotoxic activity
• Dittrichia viscosa
• MTT assay

Kaynakça

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