Kavunda Meyve Gelişimi Sonrası Su Stresi Meyve Kalitesini ve Besin Alımını Etkiler mi?

Öz

Amaç: Kavun yetiştiriciliğinde sulama suyundan tasarruf etmek amacıyla, meyve büyümesinden hasada kadar farklı oranlarda su stresi uygulanmıştır. Materyal ve Yöntemler: Sezon boyunca uygulanan tam sulama (kontrol-I100) ve meyve gelişimi aşamasından hasada kadar S100 konusuna verilen suyun sırasıyla %80, %60, %40, %20 ve %0'ına karşılık gelen beş farklı su stresi rejimi (I80, I60, I40, I20 ve I0) olmak üzere toplam altı farklı deneysel uygulama oluşturulmuştur. Sonuçlar: Çalışma sonucunda, su stresi meyve kalitesinde önemli değişikliklere ve besin elementi alımında önemli farklılıklara neden olmuştur. Kavuna uygulanan su stresi, P ve K alınımında sırasıyla yaklaşık %25 ve %20 oranında bir azalmaya neden olmuştur. Ayrıca, Ca, Mg, Mn ve B alımlarında sırasıyla %74, %46, %71 ve %40'lık bir artış sağlarken, Fe alınımı yaklaşık 5,5 kat artmıştır. Artan su stresi, özellikle kavunda topraktan makro besin maddelerinin emilimini azaltmış ve meyve kalitesi üzerinde olumsuz etkilere neden olmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada incelenen parametreler birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, I80 (%20 su stresi) uygulaması ile I100 (tam sulama) uygulamaları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cucumis melo L.
• kısıtlı sulama
• meyve rengi
• küresel iklim değişikliği
• bitki besin elementi

Does Water Stress after Fruit Development in Melon Affect Fruit Quality and Nutrient Uptake?

Abstract

Objectives: In order to save irrigation water in melon cultivation, water stress was applied at different rates from fruit growth to harvest. Materials and Methods: A total of six different experimental treatments were established including full irrigation applied throughout the season (control-I100) and five different water stress regimes (I80, I60, I40, I20, and I0) corresponding to 80 %, 60 %, 40 %, 20 %, and 0 % of water given to the S100 subject, respectively, during the fruit development stage until harvesting. Results: As a result of the study, water stress caused significant changes in fruit quality as well as significant differences in nutrient element uptake. Water stress applied to melon caused a decrease in P and K uptake of approximately 25% and 20%, respectively. In addition, it provided an increase of 74%, 46%, 71% and 40% in Ca, Mg, Mn and B intakes, respectively, while it increased Fe intake by approximately 5.5 times. Increased water stress reduced the absorption of macronutrients from the soil, especially in melon, and also caused negative effects on fruit quality. Conclusion: When the parameters examined in this study were evaluated together, no significant differences were found between I80 (20% water stress) application and I100 (full irrigation) subjects.

Keywords

• Cucumis melo
• deficit irrigation
• fruit colors
• global climate change
• plant nutrient element

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