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NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast

Cilt: 15 22 Eylül 2026
Deniz Istipliler *, Aliye Yıldırım Keskinoğlu
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NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast

Öz

Objective: Rapid and non-destructive assessment of wheat canopy status is important for improving nitrogen management and field-based phenotyping. This study evaluated the ability of UAV-derived multispectral vegetation indices to detect canopy spectral variation associated with a moderate, non-zero nitrogen contrast and to discriminate among commercial bread wheat genotypes under dense canopy conditions during the reproductive stage. Materials and Methods: A field experiment was conducted during the 2024–2025 growing season in Bornova, İzmir, Türkiye, using ten commercial bread wheat cultivars grown under low-nitrogen (LN) and high-nitrogen (HN) treatments in a split-plot randomized complete block design with four replications. Multispectral imagery was acquired after heading and before anthesis using a DJI Matrice 350 RTK UAV equipped with a MicaSense RedEdge-P sensor. Four canopy vegetation indices, NDVI, GNDVI, CLRED, and NDAVI, were calculated from plot-level reflectance data. Each index was analyzed using linear mixed models, and index consistency was further evaluated using coefficient of variation, repeatability, and genotype-specific plasticity. Conclusion: Nitrogen treatment significantly affected NDVI, GNDVI, and NDAVI, with higher index values under HN than LN, whereas CLRED was not significantly affected by nitrogen. Among the evaluated indices, NDVI showed the strongest nitrogen response, indicating its usefulness for detecting overall nitrogen-related canopy differences. However, genotype effects were significant only for NDAVI, while NDVI, GNDVI, and CLRED did not provide reliable genotypic discrimination. NDAVI also showed the highest repeatability (0.791) and the lowest coefficient of variation (1.14%), supporting its superior consistency and discriminatory ability. UAV-derived multispectral indices successfully detected canopy spectral responses to moderate nitrogen differences in bread wheat, but nitrogen sensitivity and genotype discrimination differed substantially among indices. Among the evaluated indices, NDAVI appears to be the most promising index for detecting differences among wheat genotypes, particularly when conventional indices such as NDVI may be constrained by saturation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bread wheat, UAV phenotyping, multispectral imaging, NDAVI, vegetation indices, genotype discrimination

Destekleyen Kurum

European Union

Proje Numarası

101160158

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute for supplying the bread wheat cultivars used as plant material in this study.

Kaynakça

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Kaynak Göster

APA
Istipliler, D., & Yıldırım Keskinoğlu, A. (2026). NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 15. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1972563
AMA
1.Istipliler D, Yıldırım Keskinoğlu A. NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 2026;15. doi:10.29278/azd.1972563
Chicago
Istipliler, Deniz, ve Aliye Yıldırım Keskinoğlu. 2026. “NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast”. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 15 (Eylül). https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1972563.
EndNote
Istipliler D, Yıldırım Keskinoğlu A (01 Eylül 2026) NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 15
IEEE
[1]D. Istipliler ve A. Yıldırım Keskinoğlu, “NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast”, Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, c. 15, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.29278/azd.1972563.
ISNAD
Istipliler, Deniz - Yıldırım Keskinoğlu, Aliye. “NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast”. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 15 (01 Eylül 2026). https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1972563.
JAMA
1.Istipliler D, Yıldırım Keskinoğlu A. NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 2026;15. doi:10.29278/azd.1972563.
MLA
Istipliler, Deniz, ve Aliye Yıldırım Keskinoğlu. “NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast”. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, c. 15, Eylül 2026, doi:10.29278/azd.1972563.
Vancouver
1.Deniz Istipliler, Aliye Yıldırım Keskinoğlu. NDAVI Improves Genotypic Discrimination in Dense Bread Wheat Canopies under Moderate Nitrogen Contrast. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 01 Eylül 2026;15. doi:10.29278/azd.1972563