Bitki gelişimini destekleyici rhizobacteria (PGPR) ve farklı gübre kombinasyonlarının karnabaharda (Brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis) verim ve kalite özelliklerine etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Karnabahar (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.), yüksek verim için önemli miktarlarda azot (N) gübresine ihtiyaç gösterir. Bu çalışma, tarla koşullarında bitki gelişimini teşvik eden rizobakterilerin (PGPR) (Paenibacillus polymyxa RC14, Bacillus subtilis RC63 ve Pseudomonas fluorescens RC77), organik tavuk gübresi (OCM) (4000 kg/da), 3 seviye mineral gübre [(NPK1 (80 kg/ha N+50 kg/ha P+80 kg/ha K), NPK2 (160 kg/ha N+75 kg/ha P+160 kg/ha K) ve NPK3 (200 kg /ha N+100 kg/ha P+200 kg/ha K)] ve bunların farklı karışımlarının karnabaharda büyüme, verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Yöntem: Arazi denemeleri tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Uygulamalar; 1. Kontrol (Gübresiz; 0 kg/ha NPK), 2. NPK1 (80-50-80 kg/ha NPK), 3. NPK2 (160-75-160 kg/ha NPK), 4. NPK3 (200-100-200 kg /ha NPK), 5. PGPR, 6. Organik Tavuk Gübresi (OCM), 7. PGPR + OCM, 8. NPK1+PGPR, 9. NPK2+PGPR, 10. NPK3+PGPR, 11 NPK1+ OCM, 12. NPK2+ OCM, 13. NPK3+ OCM, 14. NPK1+PGPR+ OCM, 15. NPK2+PGPR+ OCM, 16. NPK3+PGPR+ OCM. Araştırma Bulguları: En yüksek baş ağırlığı ve pazarlanabilir verim 2014 yılında NPK2+ OCM'de, 2015 yılında ise NPK1+PGPR+OCM ve NPK2+PGPR+OCM'de gözlendi. NPK2+ OCM, 2014 yılında kontrole göre baş ağırlığını ve pazarlanabilir verimi %300 artırdı. NPK1 +PGPR+OCM, baş ağırlığını ve pazarlanabilir verimi 2015 yılında kontrole göre %200 artırmıştır. En yüksek TSS 2014 yılında kontrolde görülürken, NPK1+PGPR+OCM en yüksek değeri vermiştir. NPK uygulamaları karnabahar başlarında NO3 içeriğini yükseltmiştir. En yüksek askorbik asit içeriği 2014 yılında PGPR'de belirlenirken, kontrol en yüksek içeriği 2015 yılında vermiştir. En yüksek oksalik asit içeriği NPK uygulamalarında gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, PGPR ve OCM uygulamaları genellikle karnabaharın oksalik asit içeriğini azaltmıştır. Sonuç: Karnabahar verim ve kalite parametreleri için OCM ve PGPR uygulamaları ile NPK önerilebilir. Ayrıca PGPRxOCM kombinasyonunun organik tarımsal üretimde kullanılması önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karnabahar
• PGPR
• bitki büyümesi
• verim
• kalite

Effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and different fertilizer combinations on yield and quality properties in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis)

Abstract

Purpose: This study was carried out to determine the influence of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Paenibacillus polymyxa RC14, Bacillus subtilis RC63 and Pseudomonas fluorescens RC77), organic chicken manure (OCM) (4000 kg/da), 3 levels of mineral fertilizer [(NPK1 (80 kg/ha N+50 kg/ha P+80 kg/ha K), NPK2 (160 kg/ha N+75 kg/ha P+160 kg/ha K) and NPK3 (200 kg/ha N+100 kg/ha P+200 kg/ha K)] and combination of these applications on growth, yield and quality of cauliflower under field conditions.
Materials and Methods: Field experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments were 1. Control (No Fertilizer Application; 0 kg /ha NPK), 2. NPK1 (80-50-80 kg / ha NPK), 3. NPK2 (160-75-160 kg /ha NPK), 4. NPK3 (200-100-200 kg /ha NPK), 5. PGPR, 6. Organic Chicken Manure (OCM), 7. PGPR + OCM, 8. NPK1+PGPR, 9. NPK2+PGPR, 10. NPK3+PGPR, 11. NPK1+ OCM, 12. NPK2+ OCM, 13. NPK3+ OCM, 14. NPK1+PGPR+ OCM, 15. NPK2+PGPR+ OCM, 16. NPK3+PGPR+ OCM
Results: The highest curd weight and marketable yield were observed in NPK2+ OCM in 2014 while in NPK1+PGPR+OCM and NPK2+PGPR+OCM in 2015. NPK2+ OCM elevated the curd weight and marketable yield by 300% compared to the control in 2014. NPK1+PGPR+OCM increased the curd weight and marketable yield by 200% compared to the control in 2015. The highest TSS was observed in the control in 2014 whereas NPK1+PGPR+OCM gave the highest value. NPK treatments elevated the NO3 content of cauliflower curds. In 2014 the highest ascorbic acid content was determined in PGPR while the control gave the highest content in 2015. The highest oxalic acid contents were observed in NPK treatments. Furthermore, PGPR and OCM treatments generally reduced the oxalic acid contents of the cauliflower.
Conclusion: NPK with OCM and PGPR applications could be advisable for the yield and quality parameters of cauliflower. Furthermore, the PGPRxOCM combination was advisable for efficiently using in organic agricultural production.

Keywords

• Cauliflower
• PGPR
• Plant Growth
• Yield
• Quality

Kaynakça

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