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Kontrollü kısıtlı sulamanın biber (Capsicum annuum L.) verim ve verim bileşenlerine etkileri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Özel Sayı, 297 - 304, 01.06.2017

Öz

Dünyada artan gıda ihtiyacını karşılayabilmek için gerekli üretimi yapmak ve sürdürülebilir tarımsal üretim için su kaynaklarının etkin kullanımıyla ilgili çalışmalar güncelliğini korumaktadır. Deneme kontrollü kısıtlı sulama (Regulated Deficit Irrigation-RDI) tekniğiyle sulama programının biber verim, verim bileşenlerine, su-verim ilişkilerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi ve sulama yönetiminde kullanılacak prensiplerin önerilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Biberde vejetasyon süresi üç döneme ayrılmış ve üç gün aralıkla sulamalar yapılmıştır. Farklı gelişim dönemlerinde toplam sulama suyu (Irrigation Water-IW)/toplam buharlaşma (Cumulative Pan Evaporation- CPE) miktarına oranının %66’sı, %100’ü, ve, %133’ü kullanılarak 15 sulama konusu oluşturulmuştur. Sulama uygulamaları toplam meyve verimini önemle etkilemiştir. Buna karşılık uygulamaların ortalama meyve ağırlığına, meyve çapına ve uzunluğuna etkileri önemsiz bulunmuştur. En yüksek verim RDI’ın %133 uygulandığı T1 konusundan (85.03 t ha-1) sağlanmıştır. Anılan konu için en yüksek sulama suyu 1473 mm uygulanmıştır. Oransal su tüketim eksilişinin %12, oransal verim azalışının %23 olarak gerçekleştiği T4 konusunda su tasarrufunun %25 gerçekleştiği bu değerin 364 mm su derinliğine karşılık geldiği ve bu konudan 65.20 t/ha-1 verim sağlandığı belirlenmiştir. Yarı kurak
bölgelerde suyun önemli bir kısıt faktörü olması halinde T4 konusu %25’lik su tasarrufu sağladığından dolayı önerilebilir. Bu sonuçlar biber bitkisinin suya son derece duyarlı olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, N., İlker, E., Gokcol, A., 2004. Biyolojik araştırmaların bilgisayarda değerlendirilmeleri. Ege Uni. Tohum Teknoloji Uygulama ve Arastirma Merkezi Yay, İzmir.
  • Ahmed, A.F., Yu, H., Yang, X., Jiang, W., 2014. Deficit irrigation affects growth, yield, vitamin C content, and irrigation water use efficiency of hot pepper grown in soilless culture. Hortscıence. 49(6):722–728.
  • Akinbile, C.O, Yusoff, M.S., 2011. Growth, yield and water use pattern of chilli pepper under different irrigation scheduling and management. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research. 5(2):154-163.
  • Ali, M.H., Hoque, M.R., Hassan, A.A., Khair A., 2007. Effects of deficit irrigation on yield, water productivity, and economic returns of wheat. Agricultural Water Management. 92, 151–161.
  • Antony, E., Singandhupe. R.B., 2004. Impact of drip and surface irrigation on growth. yield and WUE of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.). Agricultural Water Management. 65;121–132.
  • Bekele, S., Tilahun, K., 2007. Regulated deficit irrigation scheduling of onion in a semiarid region of Ethiopia. Agricultural Water Management. 89, 148-52.
  • Bhardwaj, J., Yadav, S.K., 2012. Genetic mechanisms of drought stress tolerance, implications of transgenic crops for agriculture. Agroecology and strategies for climate change. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 8. Edited by: Lichtfouse E. 2012, Springer, 213-235.
  • Celebi, M., 2014. The effect of water stress on tomato under different emitter discharges and semi-arid climate condition. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 20 (5):1151-115.
  • Chaves, M.M., Pereira, J.S., Maroco, J., Rodrigues, M.L., Ricardo, C.P.P., Osori, M.L., Carvalho, I., Faria, T., 2002. How Plants cope with water stress in the field? Photosynthesis and Growth. Oxford Journals, Life Sci., Annals of Botany, 89:907-916.
  • Demirtas, C., Ayas, S., 2009. Deficit irrigation effects on pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Demre) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment. 7(3&4):989 - 993.
  • Doorenbos D., Kassam A.H., 1979. Yield response to water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No 33. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, No:193, Rome.
  • Dorji, K., Behboudian, M.H. ve Zegbe-Dominguez, J.A., 2005. Water relations, Growth, Yield, and fruit quality of hot pepper under deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying. Scientia Horticulturae. 104;137–149.
  • FAO, 2015. http://www.fao.org/nr/water/topics_scar-city.html
  • Fereres, E. and Soriano MA., 2007. Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use. Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 147–159.
  • Foday T I, Xing W, Shao G, Hua C., 2012. Effect of water use efficiency on growth and yield of hot pepper under partial root-zone drip irrigation condition. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(1).
  • Garrity, P.D., Watts, D.G., Sullivan, C.Y., Gilley, J.R., 1982. Moisture deficits and grain sorghum performance: Evapotranspirasyon-yield relationships. Agronomy Journal 74: 815-820.
  • Gatta, G., Giulian, M.M., Monteleone, M., Nardella, E., De Caro, A., 2007. Deficit irrigation scheduling in processing tomato. In: Lamaddalena N. (Eds: Bogliotti, C., Todorovic, M., Scardigno, A.) Water saving in Mediterranean agriculture and future research needs. 1: 277 -289.
  • Geerts, S., Raes, D., 2009. Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas. Agricultural Water Management 96: 1275–1284
  • Gencoglan, C., Akincı, İ.E., Ucan, K., Akinci, S., Gencoglan, S., 2006. Response of red hot pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L.) to the deficit irrigation. Mediterranean Agricultural Science. 19 (1). 131-138.
  • Gercek, S., Comlekcioglu, N., Dikilitas M., 2009. Effectiveness of water pillow irrigation method on yield and water use efficiency on hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Scientia Horticulturae 120: 325–329.
  • Gleick, P., 2002. The World’s Water: The biennial report on freshwater resources 2002–2003. Island Press, Washington, DC, 334 pp.
  • Guo, Y., Yu, H., Kong, D., Yan, F., Liu, D., Zhang, Y., 2015. Effects of gradual soil drought stress on the growth, biomass partitioning, and chlorophyll fluorescence of Prunus mongolica seedlings. Turkish Journal of Biology. 39: 532-539
  • Havaux, M., 1992. Stres tolerance of photosystem II in vivo. Antagonistic effects of water, heat, and photoinhibition stresses. Plant Physiology. 100: 424-432.
  • Howell, T.A., Cuenca, H.A., Solomon, K.H., 1990. Crop yield response. In: Management of farm irrigation systems. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI. 1990. p 93-122.
  • Kancheva, R.H., Borisova, D.S. Iliev, I.T., 2008. Chlorophyll fluorescence plant as a stress indicator. Recent Developments in Remote Sensing From Space, 5, 301-306.
  • Kirda, C., 2002. Deficit irrigation scheduling based on plant growth stages showing water stress tolerance. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports, 22- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, ISBN 92-5-104768-5.
  • Kırnak H, Gökalp Z, Demir H, Kodal S, Yıldırım E. 2016. Paprika Pepper Yield and Quality as Affected by Different Irrigation Levels. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi –Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 22:77-88.
  • Moreno, M.M., Ribas, F., Moreno, A., Cabello, M.J. 2003. Physiological response of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) crop to different trickle irrigation rates. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 1; 65–74.
  • Owusu-Sekyere, J.D., Asante, P., Osei-Bonsu, P., 2010. Water requirement, deficit irrigation and crop coefficient of hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens) using irrigation interval of four (4) days. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 5: 5.
  • Savic, S., Stikic, R., Radovic, B.V., Bogicevic, B., Jovanovic, Z., Hadzi. V., Sukalovic, T. 2008. Comparative effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD) on growth and cell wall peroxidase activity in tomato fruits. Scientia Horticulturae 117: 15–20.
  • Sezen, S. M., Yazar, A., Eker, S. 2006. Effect of drip irrigation regimes on yield and quality of field grown bell pepe. Agricultural Water Management 81:115–131.
  • Shangguan, Z., Shao, M., Dyckmans, J., 2000. Effects of nitrogen nutrition and water deficit on net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence in winter wheat. Journal of Plant Physiology. 156: 46-51.
  • Simsek M., Tonkaz, T. Kaçira, M. Comlekcioglu, N., Doğan, Z., 2005. The effects of different irrigation regimes on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) yield and yield characteristics under open field conditions.Agricultural Water Management, 73(3): 173-191.
  • United Nations, 2015. Department of economic and social affairs, population division world population prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241.
Yıl 2017, Cilt: 6 Özel Sayı, 297 - 304, 01.06.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, N., İlker, E., Gokcol, A., 2004. Biyolojik araştırmaların bilgisayarda değerlendirilmeleri. Ege Uni. Tohum Teknoloji Uygulama ve Arastirma Merkezi Yay, İzmir.
  • Ahmed, A.F., Yu, H., Yang, X., Jiang, W., 2014. Deficit irrigation affects growth, yield, vitamin C content, and irrigation water use efficiency of hot pepper grown in soilless culture. Hortscıence. 49(6):722–728.
  • Akinbile, C.O, Yusoff, M.S., 2011. Growth, yield and water use pattern of chilli pepper under different irrigation scheduling and management. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research. 5(2):154-163.
  • Ali, M.H., Hoque, M.R., Hassan, A.A., Khair A., 2007. Effects of deficit irrigation on yield, water productivity, and economic returns of wheat. Agricultural Water Management. 92, 151–161.
  • Antony, E., Singandhupe. R.B., 2004. Impact of drip and surface irrigation on growth. yield and WUE of capsicum (Capsicum annum L.). Agricultural Water Management. 65;121–132.
  • Bekele, S., Tilahun, K., 2007. Regulated deficit irrigation scheduling of onion in a semiarid region of Ethiopia. Agricultural Water Management. 89, 148-52.
  • Bhardwaj, J., Yadav, S.K., 2012. Genetic mechanisms of drought stress tolerance, implications of transgenic crops for agriculture. Agroecology and strategies for climate change. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 8. Edited by: Lichtfouse E. 2012, Springer, 213-235.
  • Celebi, M., 2014. The effect of water stress on tomato under different emitter discharges and semi-arid climate condition. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 20 (5):1151-115.
  • Chaves, M.M., Pereira, J.S., Maroco, J., Rodrigues, M.L., Ricardo, C.P.P., Osori, M.L., Carvalho, I., Faria, T., 2002. How Plants cope with water stress in the field? Photosynthesis and Growth. Oxford Journals, Life Sci., Annals of Botany, 89:907-916.
  • Demirtas, C., Ayas, S., 2009. Deficit irrigation effects on pepper (Capsicum annuum L. Demre) yield in unheated greenhouse condition. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment. 7(3&4):989 - 993.
  • Doorenbos D., Kassam A.H., 1979. Yield response to water. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No 33. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations, No:193, Rome.
  • Dorji, K., Behboudian, M.H. ve Zegbe-Dominguez, J.A., 2005. Water relations, Growth, Yield, and fruit quality of hot pepper under deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying. Scientia Horticulturae. 104;137–149.
  • FAO, 2015. http://www.fao.org/nr/water/topics_scar-city.html
  • Fereres, E. and Soriano MA., 2007. Deficit irrigation for reducing agricultural water use. Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 147–159.
  • Foday T I, Xing W, Shao G, Hua C., 2012. Effect of water use efficiency on growth and yield of hot pepper under partial root-zone drip irrigation condition. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 3(1).
  • Garrity, P.D., Watts, D.G., Sullivan, C.Y., Gilley, J.R., 1982. Moisture deficits and grain sorghum performance: Evapotranspirasyon-yield relationships. Agronomy Journal 74: 815-820.
  • Gatta, G., Giulian, M.M., Monteleone, M., Nardella, E., De Caro, A., 2007. Deficit irrigation scheduling in processing tomato. In: Lamaddalena N. (Eds: Bogliotti, C., Todorovic, M., Scardigno, A.) Water saving in Mediterranean agriculture and future research needs. 1: 277 -289.
  • Geerts, S., Raes, D., 2009. Deficit irrigation as an on-farm strategy to maximize crop water productivity in dry areas. Agricultural Water Management 96: 1275–1284
  • Gencoglan, C., Akincı, İ.E., Ucan, K., Akinci, S., Gencoglan, S., 2006. Response of red hot pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L.) to the deficit irrigation. Mediterranean Agricultural Science. 19 (1). 131-138.
  • Gercek, S., Comlekcioglu, N., Dikilitas M., 2009. Effectiveness of water pillow irrigation method on yield and water use efficiency on hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Scientia Horticulturae 120: 325–329.
  • Gleick, P., 2002. The World’s Water: The biennial report on freshwater resources 2002–2003. Island Press, Washington, DC, 334 pp.
  • Guo, Y., Yu, H., Kong, D., Yan, F., Liu, D., Zhang, Y., 2015. Effects of gradual soil drought stress on the growth, biomass partitioning, and chlorophyll fluorescence of Prunus mongolica seedlings. Turkish Journal of Biology. 39: 532-539
  • Havaux, M., 1992. Stres tolerance of photosystem II in vivo. Antagonistic effects of water, heat, and photoinhibition stresses. Plant Physiology. 100: 424-432.
  • Howell, T.A., Cuenca, H.A., Solomon, K.H., 1990. Crop yield response. In: Management of farm irrigation systems. American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St. Joseph, MI. 1990. p 93-122.
  • Kancheva, R.H., Borisova, D.S. Iliev, I.T., 2008. Chlorophyll fluorescence plant as a stress indicator. Recent Developments in Remote Sensing From Space, 5, 301-306.
  • Kirda, C., 2002. Deficit irrigation scheduling based on plant growth stages showing water stress tolerance. Deficit Irrigation Practices, Water Reports, 22- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, ISBN 92-5-104768-5.
  • Kırnak H, Gökalp Z, Demir H, Kodal S, Yıldırım E. 2016. Paprika Pepper Yield and Quality as Affected by Different Irrigation Levels. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi –Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 22:77-88.
  • Moreno, M.M., Ribas, F., Moreno, A., Cabello, M.J. 2003. Physiological response of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) crop to different trickle irrigation rates. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 1; 65–74.
  • Owusu-Sekyere, J.D., Asante, P., Osei-Bonsu, P., 2010. Water requirement, deficit irrigation and crop coefficient of hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens) using irrigation interval of four (4) days. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 5: 5.
  • Savic, S., Stikic, R., Radovic, B.V., Bogicevic, B., Jovanovic, Z., Hadzi. V., Sukalovic, T. 2008. Comparative effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and partial root-zone drying (PRD) on growth and cell wall peroxidase activity in tomato fruits. Scientia Horticulturae 117: 15–20.
  • Sezen, S. M., Yazar, A., Eker, S. 2006. Effect of drip irrigation regimes on yield and quality of field grown bell pepe. Agricultural Water Management 81:115–131.
  • Shangguan, Z., Shao, M., Dyckmans, J., 2000. Effects of nitrogen nutrition and water deficit on net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence in winter wheat. Journal of Plant Physiology. 156: 46-51.
  • Simsek M., Tonkaz, T. Kaçira, M. Comlekcioglu, N., Doğan, Z., 2005. The effects of different irrigation regimes on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) yield and yield characteristics under open field conditions.Agricultural Water Management, 73(3): 173-191.
  • United Nations, 2015. Department of economic and social affairs, population division world population prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.241.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Nuray Çömlekçioğlu

Mehmet Şimşek Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Özel Sayı

Kaynak Göster

APA Çömlekçioğlu, N., & Şimşek, M. (2017). Kontrollü kısıtlı sulamanın biber (Capsicum annuum L.) verim ve verim bileşenlerine etkileri. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 6, 297-304.