İkinci Ürün Koşullarında Farklı Azot Dozlarının Bazi Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus l.) Çeşitlerinde Büyüme Parametrelerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 129 - 136, 05.07.2024

Hasan Haliloğlu Ahmet Aydogdu

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1393338

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ikinci ürün koşullarında farklı azot dozlarının bazı ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) çeşitlerinde büyüme parametrelerine etkisini araştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışma tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine yürütülmüştür. Ayçiçeği çeşitleri (Bosfora, P64LE119 ve LG5582) ana parselleri, azot dozları (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg da-1) ise alt parselleri oluşturmuştur.
Araştırma Bulguları: Çalışmada; denemeye alınan ayçiçeği çeşitlerinin incelenen özelliklerinden, en erken çıkış gün sayısı 15 ve 20 kg da-1 N dozlarından, en erken tabla oluşum başlangıcı, çiçeklenme süresi ve tane dolumu gün sayısı Bosfora çeşidinden ve 20 kg da-1 N dozundan, en erken fizyolojik olum P64LE119 çeşidinden, en geniş tabla çapı ve en fazla tabla ağırlığı LG5582 çeşidinden ve 20 kg da-1 N dozundan elde edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonucunda; tabla oluşum başlangıcı, çiçeklenme süresi ve tane dolumu gün sayısı bakımından Bosfora çeşidi ve 20 kg da-1 azot dozu, tabla çapı ve tabla ağırlığı bakımından LG5582 çeşidi ve 20 kg da-1 N dozu en iyi sonucu vermiştir. Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi için Bosfora ve LG5582 çeşitleri ve 20 kg da-1 N verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayçiçeği, azot dozu, çeşit, verim, yağ oranı

The Effect of Different Nitrogen Doses on Growth Attributes of Some Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars Grown as Second Crop

Öz

Objective: The current study investigated the impact of different N doses on growth traits of some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars grown as second crop.
Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted according to randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangements and three replications. Three sunflower cultivars (‘Bosfora’, ‘P64LE119’, and ‘LG5582’) and four N doses (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg ha-1 pure N) were included in the study and data relating to different growth traits were recorded.
Results: The results revealed that individual effects of cultivars and N doses exerted significant impacts on the studied growth traits, whereas their interactive effects were significant for some of the studied parameters. The earliest emergence duration was recorded under 150 and 200 kg ha-1 N. Similarly, the earliest head formation, flowering initiation and seed filling duration were recorded for ‘Bosfora’ cultivar with 200 kg ha-1 N.
Conclusion: The earliest physiological maturity was recorded for ‘P64LE119’ cultivar, whereas the widest head diameter and the highest head weight was noted for ‘LG5582’ cultivar under 200 kg ha-1 N application. Overall, ‘Bosfora’ cultivar under 200 kg ha-1 N application performed better for head formation, flowering initiation, and seed filling duration, whereas cultivar ‘LG5582’ under 200 kg ha-1 N application performed better for head diameter and head weight.It is recommended that cultivars ‘Bosfora’ and ‘LG5582’ should be provided 200 kg ha-1 N for better growth in southeastern Anatolia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sunflower, nitrogen doses, cultivar, yield, oil ratio

Kaynakça

• Ahmad, M. I., Ali, A., He, L., Latif, A., Abbas, A., Ahmad, J., Ahmad, M.Z., Asghar, W., Bilal, M., & Mahmood, M.T. (2018). Nitrogen effects on sunflower growth: A review. International Journal of Biosciences, 12(6), 91-101. https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/12.6.91-101
• Adeleke, B. S., & Babalola, O. O. (2020). Oilseed crop sunflower (Helianthus annuus) as a source of food: Nutritional and health benefits. Food Science & Nutrition, 8(9), 4666-4684. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1783
• Ali, A. B., Altayeb, O. A., Alhadi, M., & Shuang-En, Y. (2014). Effect of different levels nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on yield and chemical composition hybrid sunflower grown under irrigated condition. Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Sciences, 1, 1-7. https://jeas.agropublishers.com/jeas-volume-1-2014/
• Anonymous (2017). GAP Agricultural Research Institute, Soil Laboratory Records. Şanlıurfa, Türkiye.
• Anonymous (2022). Ürün Masalları Ayçiçeği Bitkisi. Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry General Directorate of Plant Production. Department of Field and Horticulture, Volume: 20, May 2022. Ankara, Türkiye (in Turkish).
• Bjaili, A.A., Al-Solaimani, S.G., & El-Nakhlawy, F.S. (2019). Yield, yield components and soil characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars under effect of nitrogen fertilizer and defoliation. International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 8(1), 154-160. https://doi.org/10.17577/IJERTV8IS010078
• Day, S. (2011). The effect of different intra-row spacing and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of native and hybrid confectionery sunflower in Ankara conditions (Helianthus annuus L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Field Crops. 89 pages. Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye (in Turkish).
• Day, S., & Kolsarıcı, Ö. (2014). The effect of different intra-row spacing and nitrogen levels on yield and yield components of hybrid confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Ankara conditions. Soil Water Journal, 3(2), 81-89. https://doi.org/10.21657/tsd.17768
• Demir, İ. (2009). The effect of nitrogen and sulphur on yield, yield components and some quality characters of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Field Crops. 113 pages. Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye.
• Fageria, N. K., Baligar, V. C., & Li, Y. C. (2008). The role of nutrient efficient plants in improving crop yields in the twenty first century. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31, 1121-1157. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160802116068
• FAO, (2021). Statistical Yearbook. https://www.fao.org/3/cc2211en/cc2211en.pdf (Date of access: 21.01.2023).
• Gao, Q., Li, C., Feng, G., Wang, J., Cui, Z., Chen, X., & Zhang, F. (2012). Understanding yield response to nitrogen to achieve high yield and high nitrogen use efficiency in rainfed corn. Agronomy Journal, 104, 165-168. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2011.0215
• Gudade, B. A., Thakur, M. R., Ulemale, R. B., Imade, S. R., & Bodhade, M. S. (2009). Nutrient uptake, soil nutrient status and quality of new sunflower varieties as influenced by fertilizer levels. Journal of Soils and Crops, 19(2), 355-359. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20103010514
• Gürbüz, B., Kaya, M.D., & Demirtola, A. (2003). Sunflower Farming. Hasad Publishing, Istanbul (in Turkish).
• Gül, V., & Kara, K. (2015). Phenological and morphological characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) species under different nitrogen treatment doses. Iğdır University Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 5(4), 65-76. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jist/issue/15546/385241
• Kandil, A. A., Sharief, A. I. E., & Odam, A. M. A. (2017). Response of some sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus L.) to different nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant densities. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2(6), 2978-2994. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijeab/2.6.26
• Meral, U.B. (2019). An overview of importance and production of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2(2), 58-71. https://doi.org/10.38001/ijlsb.535889
• TSMS, (2018). Turkish State Meteorological Service. Meteorological data obtained from Sanliurfa Meteorological Station. Sanliurfa, Türkiye.
• Nasim, W., Ahmad, A., Ahmad, S., Nadeem, M., Masood, N., Shahid, M., Mubeen, M., Hoogenboom, G., & Fahad, S. (2016). Response of sunflower hybrids to nitrogen application grown under different agro-environments. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 40, 82-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2016.1201492
• Oshundiya, F. O., Olowe, V. I. O., Sowemimo, F. A., & Odedina, J. N. (2014). Seed yield and quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as influenced by staggered sowing and organic fertilizer application in the humid tropics. Helia, 37(61), 237-255. https://doi.org/10.1515/helia-2014-0012
• Pahlavani, M. H. (2005). Some technological and morphological characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) from Iran. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 4(3), 234-237. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2005.234.237
• Rasool, K., Sanaullah, A. W.., Ghaffar, A., Shoaib, M., Arshad, M., & Abbas, S. (2015). Optimizing nitrogen rate and planting density for sunflower under irrigated conditions of Punjab. SAARC Journal of Agriculture, 13(1), 174-187. http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/SJA/index
• Sievers, T. (2023). How to plant, grow, and care for sunflowers. https://www.allaboutgardening.com/sunflower/ (Date of access: 12.05.2023)
• TÜİK, (2023). Turkish Statistical Institute. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Kategori/GetKategori?p=tarim-111 (Date of access: 21.01.2023)
• Van Dijk, M., Morley, T., Rau, M. L., & Saghai, Y. (2021). A meta-analysis of projected global food demand and population at risk of hunger for the period 2010-2050. Nature Food, 2(7), 494-501. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00322-9
• Wabekwa, J. W., Kamai, N., & Chama, L. D. (2015). Nitrogen application studies as it influences the performance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Southern Borno, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Economics, Environment and Social Sciences, 1(1), 56-60.