Çinko Eksikliği Olan Asit Toprakta Çinko Gübrelemesinin Farklı Mısır Genotiplerinin Kuru Madde Verim ve Mikro Besin Elementlerinin Alımları Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 369 - 375, 31.12.2024

Özlem Ete Aydemir

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1451420

Öz

Amaç: Türkiye’de tarım topraklarının yarısına yakını çinko (Zn) bakımından yetersizdir. Tarım topraklarında Zn noksanlığında bitkisel üretimde verim kayıpları olmaktadır. Verim kayıpların önlenmesinde iki strateji izlenir. Birinci strateji ve ekonomik olanı besin noksanlıklarının olduğu durumlarda iyi yetişebilen yerel genotiplerin seçimi ve kullanılmasıdır. İkinci strateji ise Zn noksanlığı durumunda verim kayıplarının önlenmesinde yerel genotiplerin Zn gübrelemesine vermiş oldukları tepkilerin saptanmasıdır.
Materyal ve Metot: Bu araştırmada; Ordu ilinin 4 farklı ilçesinde yetiştirilen yerel mısır genotiplerinin Zn’a karşı verecekleri tepkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla, sera koşullarında saksı denemesi olarak tesadüf parselleri deneme deseninde her birisi 4 tekerrürden oluşan kontrol (-Zn) ve +Zn’li (2 mg Zn kg-1 toprak) ortamlarda yerel mısır genotipleri yetiştirilmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: 4 farklı yerel mısır genotipleri arasında kuru madde üretimi yönünden tepkileri belirlenmiştir. -Zn ve +Zn’li uygulamaların yerel mısır genotiplerinde yeşil aksamın çinko (Zn), demir (Fe), bakır (Cu) ve mangan (Mn) konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir
Sonuç: Çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre, 4 farklı mısır genotipi içerisinde -Zn ve +Zn’li koşullarda en yüksek kuru madde verimi Perşembe genotipinden elde edilmiştir. Yerel mısır genotiplerinin yetiştirilmesinde Zn gübrelemesiyle verim kayıplarının giderildiği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yerel mısır genotipleri, asit toprak, çinko, verim

The Effect of Zinc Fertilization on Dry Matter Yield and Micronutrient Uptake of Different Maize Genotypes in Zinc-Deficient Acid Soil

Öz

Objective: Nearly half of the agricultural soils in Turkey are deficient in zinc (Zn). Zn deficiency in agricultural soils leads to yield reductions in crop production. Two strategies are followed to prevent yield losses. The first strategy and the economic one is the selection and utilization of local genotypes that can grow well in the presence of nutrient deficiencies. The second strategy is to determine the responses of local genotypes to Zn fertilization in order to prevent yield losses in case of Zn deficiency.
Material and Method: The purpose of this study was to determine the response of local maize genotypes grown in 4 different districts of Ordu province to Zn. For this purpose, consisting of 4 repetitions each local maize genotypes were grown in control (-Zn) and +Zn (2 mg Zn kg-1 soil) treatments as a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions in a randomized plots experimental design.
Results: Among 4 different local maize genotypes, their responses in terms of production of dry matter were determined. Shoot Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn concentrations of local maize genotypes under -Zn and +Zn treatments were determined.
Conclusion: According to the results of the study, among 4 different maize genotypes, the highest dry matter yield was obtained from Perşembe genotype under -Zn and +Zn conditions. It was determined that yield losses were eliminated by Zn fertilization in the cultivation of local maize genotypes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Local maize genotypes, acid soil, zinc, yield

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