The Effect of Seed Pre-Treatments and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Germination of Dormant Laurus nobilis L. Seeds

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 319 - 328, 31.12.2024

Halide Hande Güngör , Aynur Gürel , Ünal Karık

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1452082

Öz

Objective: In this study, the effect of pericarp and seed coat on germination in dormant Laurel seeds was investigated. In addition, it was aimed to increase the germination rate of Laurel seeds with various pre-treatments and plant growth regulators.
Materials and Methods: Seeds taken from Laurel trees at the Aegean Agricultural Research Institute were used as starting material. Seeds with and without pericarp were cultured in MS nutrient medium. Then, pre-treatments (water and solution of GA3 soaking) were made to the seeds. After determining the effect of pericarp and pre-treatments on germination, the seeds were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA.
Results: Germination percentages of 20% and 33.33% and shoot formation percentages 13.33% and 26.67% were found in seeds without pericarp and without pericarp-with a cut seed coat, respectively. As a result of the pre-treatment trials, the highest germination (86.67%), shoot formation (80%), shoot length (2.43 cm), average root lenght (6.81 cm), average leaf lenght (0.73 cm), average number of leaf (2.60 number) were obtained in seeds without pericarp-with a cut seed coat kept in 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours. In order to determine the effect of plant growth regulators on in vitro germination, seeds kept at 1000 mg/L GA3 for 24 hours were cultured in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 and NAA. The highest germination (100%), shoot formation (100%), average shoot lenght (5.13 cm), average root length (7.35 cm), average leaf lenght (0.875 cm), average number of root (2.07 number) and average number of leaf (3.63 number) were obtained in MS nutrient media containing 1 mg/L GA3.
Conclusion: As a result of the experiments, the dormancy in the Laurel seeds was broken and 100% germination rate was achieved. This protocol provides an effective method for rapid and short-term in vitro germination of laurel seeds.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dormancy, germination, Laurel, Laurus nobilis L., pericarp, seed coat

Ön Uygulamaların ve Bitki Büyümü Düzenleyicilerinin Dormant Laurus nobilis L. Tohumlarının In vitro Çimlenmesine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, dormant defne tohumlarında perikarp ve tohum kabuğunun çimlenmeye etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca çeşitli ön işlemler ve bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri ile defne tohumlarının çimlenme oranının arttırılması hedeflenmiştir.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Başlangıç materyali olarak Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü’ndeki defne ağaçlarından alınan tohumlar kullanılmıştır. Perikarplı ve perikarpsız tohumlar MS besin ortamında kültüre alındıktan sonra tohumlara ön işlemler (su ve GA3 solüsyonunda bekletme) uygulanmıştır. Perikarp ve ön uygulamaların çimlenmeye etkisi belirlendikten sonra tohumlar 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 ve NAA içeren MS besin ortamlarında kültüre alınmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Perikarpsız ve perikarpsız-kenarına kesik atılmış defne tohumlarında, sırası ile, %20 ve %33.33 oranında çimlenme yüzdesi elde edilirken; %13.33 ve %26.67 oranında sürgün oluşturma yüzdesi belirlenmiştir. Ön uygulama deneyleri sonucunda, en yüksek çimlenme (%86.67), sürgün oluşumu (%80), sürgün uzunluğu (2.43 cm), ortalama kök uzunluğu (6.81 cm), ortalama yaprak uzunluğu (0.73 cm), ortalama yaprak sayısı (2.60 adet) 1000 mg/L GA3 çözeltisinde 24 saat boyunca bekletilen perikarpsız-kenarına kesik atılmış tohumlarda elde edilmiştir. Bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin çimlenme üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla, 1000 mg/L GA3 çözeltisinde 24 saat boyunca bekletilen tohumlar 1 mg/L BAP, GA3 ve NAA içeren MS besin ortamlarında kültüre alınmıştır. En yüksek çimlenme (%100), sürgün oluşumu (%100), sürgün uzunluğu (5.13 cm), ortalama kök uzunluğu (7.35 cm), ortalama yaprak uzunluğu (0.875 cm), ortalama kök sayısı (2.07 adet) ve ortalama yaprak sayısı (3.63 adet) 1 mg/L GA3 içeren MS besin ortamında tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Yapılan uygulamalar sonucunda, defne tohumlarındaki dormansi kırılmış ve %100 oranında çimlenme elde edilmiştir. Bu protokol ile defne tohumlarının hızlı ve kısa sürede in vitro çimlenmesi için etkili bir yöntem sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dormansi, çimlenme, Laurel, Laurus nobilis L., perikarp, tohum kabuğu

Kaynakça

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