Bazı Lamiaceae Uçucu Yağlarının Tenebrio molitor Larvaları Üzerinde İnsektisidal Etkileri ve Larvaların Ana Yaşına Bağlı Duyarlılıkların Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 287 - 297, 31.12.2024

Mehmet Sedat Sevinç , Murat Yeşilırmak , Erdinç Günay

https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1519514

Öz

Lamiaceae familyasına ait 6 farklı bitki uçucu yağının T. molitor larvalarına karşı öldürücü etkilerini araştırmak, en yüksek öldürücü etkiye sahip yağlar ile popülasyonun farklı yaş gruplarından meydana gelen larvalar üzerinde ölüm oranı farklılıklarını tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal Yöntem: Melisa (Melissa officinalis), Kekik (Origanum minutiflorum), Nane (Mentha piperita), Adaçayı (Salvia officinalis), Fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum), Lavanta (Lavandula intermedia)’ dan elde edilen uçucu yağların 3 farklı dozu (5 ml, 3ml, 1ml L-1) T. molitor larvaları üzerinde daldırma ve kalıntı yöntemi ile test edilmiştir. İstatistiki olarak yüksek ölüm oranına sahip 3 yağın 3 ml L-1 dozu, ana popülasyonun farklı yaş dönemlerinden meydana getirdiği larvaların son dönemleri üzerinde kalıntı ve daldırma metoduyla denenmiştir.
Bulgular: O. minutiflorum, M. piperita, uçucu yağlarının 5 ml L-1 dozu ile M. officinalis uçucu yağının 5 ml L-1 ve 3 ml L-1 dozları %100 ölüme sebep olarak en etkili uçucu yağ dozları olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bu üç uçucu yağın 3 ml L-1 dozları ile anne bireylerin farklı yaş dönemlerinde ortaya çıkan 4 grup larva üzerinde M. officinalis ‘in sebep olduğu ölüm oranları sırasıyla; %86.6, %100, %73.3 ve %100 olarak tespit edilmiştir. O. minutiflorum sadece ilk grupta %64.4, M. piperita ise sadece 4. grupta %48.9 ölüm oranına sahip olup diğer gruplarda ölüm tespit edilmemiştir. Bu çalışma sonucu canlılığını sürdüren tüm deneme karakterlerinde ikinci nesil oluşumu gözlenmiştir. Tüm gruplarda öldürücülük etkisini 3 ml L-1 doz özelinde gösteren M. officinalis uçucu yağının 5 farklı dozu tekrar T. molitor geç dönem larvalarına uygulanarak LC50 değeri,1.96 ve LC90 değeri ise 3,09 ml L-1 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: M. officinalis en yüksek öldürücülük oranına sahiptir. Denemede kullanılan düşük maliyetli diğer yağların daha yüksek dozlarıyla yapılacak yeni araştırmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Ayrıca annelerin farklı yaş dönemlerinden ortaya çıkan bireylerin ölüm oranlarındaki farklılıklar, kurulacak olan yeni denemelerde dişi bireylerin yaş kriterlerine dikkat edilmesi gerekliliğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ana yaşı etkisi, Melissa officinalis, Origanum minutiflorum, Mentha piperita, Salvia officinalis, Ocimum basilicum, Lavandula intermedia

Destekleyen Kurum

Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü

Teşekkür

Yazarlar; Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü Meyvecilik Araştırma Enstitüsü' ne laboratuvar ve altyapı desteği sağladığı için teşekkür ederler.

Insecticidal Effects of Some Lamiaceae Essential Oils on Tenebrio molitor Larvae and Determination of Susceptibilities of The Larvae Depending on the Maternal Age

Öz

Objective: It was aimed to investigate the lethal effects of 6 different plant essential oils belonging to the Lamiaceae family against T. molitor larvae and to determine the differences in mortality rates on the oils with the highest effectiveness and on the larvae of different age groups of the population.
Material and Methods: 3 different doses (5 ml, 3ml, 1ml L-1) of essential oils obtained from Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), Thyme (Origanum minutiflorum), Mint (Mentha piperita), Sage (Salvia officinalis), Basil (Ocimum basilicum), Lavender (Lavandula intermedia) was tested on T. molitor larvae by the immersion and residue method. 3 ml L-1 dose of 3 oils with statistically high mortality rates were tested by the residue and dipping method on the last stages of larvae formed from different age periods of the main population.
Results: 5 ml L-1 doses of O. minutiflorum, M. piperita essential oils and 5 ml L-1 and 3 ml L-1 doses of M. officinalis essential oil were determined to be the most effective essential oil and doses, causing 100% mortality. In addition, the mortality rates caused by M. officinalis on 4 groups of larvae emerging at different age periods of the mother individuals with 3 ml L-1 doses of these three essential oils are; It was determined as 86.6%, 100%, 73.3% and 100%, respectively. O. minutiflorum had a mortality rate of 64.4% only in the first group, and M. piperita had a mortality rate of 48.9% only in the 4th group, but did not cause mortality in the other groups. As a result of this study, second generation formation was observed in all surviving trial characters. Five different doses of M. officinalis essential oil, which showed its lethal effect in all groups, specifically at the 3 ml L-1 dose, were applied again to T. molitor late stage larvae, and the LC50 value was determined as 1.96 and the LC90 value was determined as 3.09 ml L-1.
Conclusion: M. officinalis has the highest lethality rate. New research is needed with higher doses of other low-cost oils used in the trial. In addition, differences in the mortality rates of individuals in different age periods of mothers show that the maternal age effects should be taken into consideration in new experiments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Maternal age effect, Melissa officinalis, Origanum minutiflorum, Mentha piperita, Salvia officinalis, Ocimum basilicum, Lavandula intermedia

Kaynakça

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