Substance Use in Children and Adolescents and Forensic Toxicological Analysis

Abstract

Alcohol and substance use is one of the important public health and safety problems that threaten society. Our country has a high young population, children and adolescents constitute an important part of the society and adolescents are in the most important risk group in terms of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders (AMD). New varieties are added to the substances used) over the years and this poses a risk for substance use, especially at an early age. However, many risk factors and protective factors for substance use change over time. In terms of public safety and public health, especially in the case of control and/or use of these illegal substances, substance tests for diagnosis-monitoring are of great importance as concrete data, as well as serious evidence. A fair and healthy service will be provided to our children by carrying out the medical, social or legal procedures for the determination of the substances used with a holistic and systematic approach. In this review, a general profile of the substance use problem in children and adolescents in our country and in the world is presented, the risk of substance use and protective factors, the fight against substance use in children and adolescents, forensic toxicological analysis and biological materials are discussed.

Keywords

• Children and adolescent
• alcohol and substance use disorders
• forensic toxicological analysis

Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Madde Kullanımı ve Adli Toksikolojik Analizler

Öz

Alkol ve madde kullanımı toplumu tehdit eden önemli halk sağlığı ve toplum güvenliği sorunlarından biridir. Yüksek bir genç nüfusa sahip olan ülkemizde çocuklar ve ergenler toplumun önemli bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır ve Alkol ve Madde Kullanım Bozuklukları (AMKB) açısından ergenler üzerinde durulması gereken önemli risk gruplarındandır. Yıllar geçtikçe kullanılan maddelere yeni çeşitler eklenmekte ve bu durum özellikle erken yaşlarda madde kullanımını daha cazip hale getirmekte ve genellikle riskli madde kullanım alışkanlıklarına neden olabilmektedir. Bununla beraber madde kullanımı ile ilgili pek çok risk faktörü ve koruyucu faktörler zamanla birlikte değişmektedir. Toplum güvenliği ve halk sağlığı açısından özellikle yasadışı olan bu maddelerin kontrolü ve/veya kullanımı durumunda tanı-izlem amacıyla yapılan madde testleri somut bir veri olarak büyük önem arz etmesinin yanında adli bir delildir. Kullanılan maddelerin saptanmasına yönelik yapılan tıbbi, sosyal veya hukuki işlemlerin bütüncül ve sistematik bir yaklaşımla yapılmasıyla, çocuklarımıza ve gençlerimize adaletli ve sağlıklı bir hizmet sağlanabilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, çocuk ve ergenlerdeki madde kullanım probleminin ülkemizdeki ve dünyadaki durumu hakkında genel bir profil sunularak, madde kullanım riski ve koruyucu faktörler, çocuk ve ergenlerde madde kullanımı ile mücadele, adli toksikolojik analizler ve bu analizlerde kullanılan biyolojik materyaller ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuk ve Ergen
• Alkol ve Madde Kullanım Bozuklukları
• Adli Toksikolojik Analizler
• Children and adolescent
• alcohol and substance use disorders
• forensic toxicological analysis

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