COVID-19 Pandemisi ve Ekonomik Kriz Sonrasında Hastanede Yatan Hastalarda Madde Kullanım Örüntüleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma COVID-19 salgınının ve ardından gelen ekonomik krizin Türkiye'deki yasa dışı madde kullanım paternleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: DSM-5 kriterlerine göre madde kullanım bozukluğu tanısı alan 1027 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Elazığ Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesi Alkol ve Madde Bağımlılığı Tedavi Eğitim Merkezi'nde Mayıs 2018 - Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında yatan 615 hasta ve Aralık 2021 - Ağustos 2023 tarihleri arasında yatan 412 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Bulgular: Ürinaliz testinde pozitif opioid sonuçlarının oranı Mayıs 2018 - Aralık 2019 grubunda anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Ürinaliz testinde pozitif metamfetamin sonuçlarının oranı Aralık 2021 - Ağustos 2023 grubunda anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Pozitif esrar sonuçlarının oranı iki zaman aralığında benzer bulundu. Metamfetamin kullanan hastalarda tedaviyi tamamlama oranı metamfetamin kullanmayan hastalara göre anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu. Opioid kullanan hastalarda tedaviyi tamamlama oranı, opioid kullanmayan hastalara göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Tartışma: Çalışmamız, Türkiye'de yaşanan ekonomik kriz ve COVID-19 salgını sonrasında hastanede yatan hastalarda metamfetamin tüketim oranının anlamlı düzeyde arttığını, opioid tüketiminin ise anlamlı düzeyde azaldığını göstermektedir. Yasa dışı madde kullanım patternlerindeki değişimlerin izlenmesi ve ilişkili faktörlerin takip edilmesi uygun tedbirlerin alınması ve tedavi yaklaşımlarının geliştirilmesine yardımcı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yasa dışı madde kullanımı
• metamfetamin
• COVİD-19
• ekonomik kriz

Illicit Drug Use Patterns among Hospitalized Patients after the COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent economic crisis on illicit drug use patterns in Türkiye. Method: The study population comprised 1027 patients diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD). 615 patients who were hospitalized between May 2018-December 2019 and 412 patients who were hospitalized between December 2021-August 2023 at the Alcohol-Drug Addiction Research, Treatment and Training Center in Elazığ Mental Health and Diseases Hospital were recruited to study. Results: The rate of opioid-positive results was significantly higher in the May 2018-December 2019 group. The rate of methamphetamine-positive results was significantly higher in the December 2021 - August 2023 group. The rate of cannabis-positive results was found to be similar between the two groups. The treatment completion rate was significantly lower in methamphetamine-positive patients when compared with methamphetamine-negative patients. The treatment completion rate was significantly higher in opioid-positive patients when compared with opioid-negative patients. Discussion: While methamphetamine consumption has significantly increased, opioid consumption has significantly decreased in the wake of the economic crisis in Türkiye and the COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring changes in illicit drug use patterns could help take appropriate measures.

Keywords

• Illicit drug use
• methamphetamine
• COVID-19
• economic crisis

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